西门江流域入河污染源问题诊断及防治建议
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摘要
收集调查了2015年西门江流域范围内各类污染源排污及污染物处理处置情况的基础数据,依据排污系数法和入河系数法核算污染物排放量及入河量。结果表明,对西门江影响最大的污染源为城镇生活污水的排放和农村面源的排放,占比分别为28.2%和31%,这两大污染源超过了50%的占比;其次是规模化养殖场的污染物排放,占比为22.1%;污水处理厂尾水污染物排放占比17.3%,工业污染源占比1.5%。流域主要污染问题为:流域污染源未得到有效控制;县城污水管网不完善,雨污不分问题突出;城镇生活污水收集和处理能力不足;畜禽养殖污染物排放持续加大增加西门江承污压力。提出了相应对策建议。
The discharge amount and the amount entering to river of major pollutants were calculated by discharge coefficient method and entry coefficient method based on the basic data of pollution sources and their corresponding treatment ways in the Ximenjiang River watershed in 2015. The results showed that the domestic water and the agriculture non-point source were the main pollution sources to the river, with their contributions of 28.2% and 31%, respectively. The two sources were accounted for more than 50% in total. The second source was the scaled poultry farm, which was accounted for 22.1%. The tail water from the wastewater treatment plant was accounted for 17.3% and the industrial source was only 1.5%. The main pollution issues in the watershed covered the inefficient pollution control, the imperfect urban pipeline system without separating the rain water and domestic sewage, the shortage of urban domestic sewage colleting and disposing capacity, and the increasing pollution from the poultry farm. These all put Ximenjiang River in higher water pollution risk. Countermeasures were proposed.
The discharge amount and the amount entering to river of major pollutants were calculated by discharge coefficient method and entry coefficient method based on the basic data of pollution sources and their corresponding treatment ways in the Ximenjiang River watershed in 2015. The results showed that the domestic water and the agriculture non-point source were the main pollution sources to the river, with their contributions of 28.2% and 31%, respectively. The two sources were accounted for more than 50% in total. The second source was the scaled poultry farm, which was accounted for 22.1%. The tail water from the wastewater treatment plant was accounted for 17.3% and the industrial source was only 1.5%. The main pollution issues in the watershed covered the inefficient pollution control, the imperfect urban pipeline system without separating the rain water and domestic sewage, the shortage of urban domestic sewage colleting and disposing capacity, and the increasing pollution from the poultry farm. These all put Ximenjiang River in higher water pollution risk. Countermeasures were proposed.
引文
[1]广西壮族自治区海洋环境监测中心站.北海市合浦县西门江老哥渡断面水体达标方案[R].2016.
[2]闵庆文.太湖流域水质目标管理技术体系研究[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2012:80-97.
[2]闵庆文.太湖流域水质目标管理技术体系研究[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2012:80-97.
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