低分子量有机酸提取土壤中部分重金属的拟合模型研究
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摘要
为研究不同浓度低分子量有机酸与提取的土壤重金属含量之间的关系,本文以采自安徽省安庆市某铜矿区及其周围的土壤为例,通过浸提法,研究了不同浓度苹果酸、甲酸对采样点土壤中重金属Cu、Mn、Zn、Pb提取能力的影响并进行模型拟合.结果表明:不同浓度苹果酸和甲酸对采样点土壤中重金属的提取量不同,两种有机酸对低pH、高重金属含量采样点及其周围土壤中的重金属提取量较大,两种低分子量有机酸对S6采样点的重金属Mn的提取量最大,分别为322.5 mg·kg~(-1)和193.58 mg·kg~(-1),提取率达70.02%和42.03%,Zn、Pb次之,Cu最低;随着苹果酸、甲酸浓度的升高,土壤中重金属Cu、Mn、Zn、Pb的提取量增加,苹果酸对土壤中重金属的提取能力大于甲酸;拟合模型对于两种低分子量有机酸与其提取的土壤中部分重金属含量之间的关系,具有较好的拟合性,其决定系数R~2在0.8293～0.9990之间,都具有显著性(p<0.05),该模型可以定量表征低分子量有机酸对土壤重金属的提取能力,此研究结果为土壤中重金属的固定化和增强植物修复受重金属污染的土壤提供了理论支持.
The relationship between concentration of exogenous organic acids and the extracted content of heavy metals in soil were investigated in Anqing copper mine area. The influences of different concentrations of malic acid and formic acid on the extracted heavy metals such as Cu, Mn, Zn and Pb in the soil were studied to develop a fitting model describing the relationship between organic acids concentration and heavy metals contents. The results show the organics concentration influenced extraction amounts of heavy metals significantly. The amount of heavy metals were higher in soil samples of the low pH and high background content of heavy metals than that in others soil samples by malic and formic acids extraction. The amount of Mn were higher than that of Zn, Pb and Cu extracted by malic and formic acids in S6 sample, the extracted amounts were 322.5 mg·kg~(-1) and 193.58 mg·kg~(-1), the values of extracted ability were 70.02% and 42.03%, respectively. The extraction amount of Cu, Mn, Zn and Pb increased as the increasing of malic acid and formic acid concentration, the extraction ability of soil heavy metals of malic acid was higher than that of formic acid. The appropriate fitting model established between the two low molecular weight organic acids and the content of heavy metals in soils were significantly(p<0.05), the determination coefficient of linear equation(R~2) ranged from 0.8293～0.9990. The model represented the extracted ability of low molecular weight organic acids on heavy metals quantitatively. This study provided the theoretical support on the immobilization of heavy metals and the enhancement of phytoremediation.
The relationship between concentration of exogenous organic acids and the extracted content of heavy metals in soil were investigated in Anqing copper mine area. The influences of different concentrations of malic acid and formic acid on the extracted heavy metals such as Cu, Mn, Zn and Pb in the soil were studied to develop a fitting model describing the relationship between organic acids concentration and heavy metals contents. The results show the organics concentration influenced extraction amounts of heavy metals significantly. The amount of heavy metals were higher in soil samples of the low pH and high background content of heavy metals than that in others soil samples by malic and formic acids extraction. The amount of Mn were higher than that of Zn, Pb and Cu extracted by malic and formic acids in S6 sample, the extracted amounts were 322.5 mg·kg~(-1) and 193.58 mg·kg~(-1), the values of extracted ability were 70.02% and 42.03%, respectively. The extraction amount of Cu, Mn, Zn and Pb increased as the increasing of malic acid and formic acid concentration, the extraction ability of soil heavy metals of malic acid was higher than that of formic acid. The appropriate fitting model established between the two low molecular weight organic acids and the content of heavy metals in soils were significantly(p<0.05), the determination coefficient of linear equation(R~2) ranged from 0.8293～0.9990. The model represented the extracted ability of low molecular weight organic acids on heavy metals quantitatively. This study provided the theoretical support on the immobilization of heavy metals and the enhancement of phytoremediation.
引文
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倪才英,田光明,骆永明,等.2004.有机化合物和硝酸溶液对复合污染土壤中Cu、Zn、Pb释放的影响[J].土壤学报,41(2):237-244
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王淑君,胡红青,李珍,等.2008.有机酸对污染土壤中铜和镉的浸提效果[J].农业环境科学学报,27(4):1627-1632
王莲莲,杨学云,杨文静.2013.土壤碳酸盐几种测定方法的比较[J].西北农业学报,22(5):144-150
叶思诚,谭晓风,袁军,等.2013.油茶根系及分泌物中有机酸的HPLC法测定[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),37(6):59-63
杨杰文,钟来元,郭荣发.2011.有机酸溶解砖红壤过程中Mn(Ⅱ)的释放规律[J].环境化学,30(7):1348-1353
赵雨森,王文波,祁海云,等.2010.低分子有机酸/盐对复合污染土壤中Cd、Pb有效性的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,38(6):72-75
赵宽,周葆华,马万征,等.2016.不同环境胁迫对根系分泌有机酸的影响研究进展[J].土壤,48(2):235-240
Bais H P,Weir T L,Perry L G,et al.2006.The role of root exudates in rhizosphere interactions with plants and other organisms[J].Annual Review of Plant Biology,57(1):233-266
鲍士旦.2000.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社.15-55
陈卫平,杨阳,谢天,等.2018.中国农田土壤重金属污染防治挑战与对策[J].土壤学报,55(2):261-272
陈奕云,唐名阳,王淑桃,等.2016.基于文献计量的中国农田土壤重金属污染评价[J].土壤通报,47(1):219-225
陈英旭,林琦,陆芳,等.2000.有机酸对铅、镉植株危害的解毒作用研究[J].环境科学学报,20(4):0467-0472
傅晓萍,豆长明,胡少平,等.2010.有机酸在植物对重金属耐性和解毒机制中的作用[J].植物生态学报,34(11):1354-1358
郭杏妹,吴宏海,罗媚,等.2007.红壤酸化过程中铁铝氧化物矿物形态变化及其环境意义[J].岩石矿物学杂志,26(6):515-521
Haichar F E Z,Santaella C,Heulin T,et al.2014.Root exudates mediated interactions belowground[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,77(7):69-80
黄天志,王世杰,刘秀明,等.2014.逐级提取-高效液相色谱法快速测定植物组织中8种有机酸[J].色谱,32(12):1356-1361
黄国勇,付庆灵,朱俊,等.2014.低分子有机酸对土壤中Cu化学形态的影响[J].环境科学,35(8):3091-3095
胡浩,潘杰,曾清如,等.2008.低分子有机酸淋溶对土壤中重金属Pb,Cd,Cu和Zn的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,27(4):1611-1616
衡利沙,王代长,蒋新,等.2010.黄棕壤铁铝氧化物与土壤稳定性有机碳和氮的关系[J].环境科学,31(11):2748-2755
Kong W S,Song C M,Yang Y K,et al.2018.Determination of nonvolatile organic acids in tobacco samples by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)[J].Journal of Yunnan National University(Natural Sciences Edition),27(6) :455-459
李韵诗,冯冲凌,吴晓芙,等.2015.重金属污染土壤植物修复中的微生物功能研究进展[J].生态学报,35(20) :6881-6890
李鹏,曾光明,徐卫华,等.2010.有机酸对污染底泥中Zn和Pb浸出的影响[J].中国环境科学,30(9):1235-1240
李玉姣,温雅,郭倩楠,等.2014.有机酸和FeCl3复合浸提修复Cd、Pb污染农田土壤的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,(12):2335-2342
罗有发,吴永贵,付天岭,等.2015.外源有机酸添加对风化煤矸石污染释放及重金属有效性的影响[J].地球与环境,43(6):680-686
刘世亮,陈娇君,刘芳,等.2012.石灰性褐土中柠檬酸对土壤Cu(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ) 吸附-解吸的影响[J].环境化学,31(6):849-855
刘江,江韬,黄容,等.2016.小分子有机酸对紫色土及其溶液中Pb的赋存影响[J].环境科学,37(4):1523-1530
刘江,白雪,黄京晶,等.2014.小分子有机酸对紫色土中Pb的活化机理研究[J].水土保持学报,28(6):309-313
赖彩秀,潘伟斌,张太平,等.2016.苹果酸和草酸对两种植物吸收土壤中Cd、Zn的影响[J].生态科学,35(4):31-37
倪才英,田光明,骆永明,等.2004.有机化合物和硝酸溶液对复合污染土壤中Cu、Zn、Pb释放的影响[J].土壤学报,41(2):237-244
秦樊鑫,魏朝富,李红梅.2015.重金属污染土壤修复技术综述与展望[J].环境科学与技术,38(12Q):199-208
宋金凤,杨金艳,崔晓阳.2010.低分子有机酸/盐对复合污染土壤中Pb、Zn、As有效性的影响[J].水土保持学报,24(4):108-112
王淑君,胡红青,李珍,等.2008.有机酸对污染土壤中铜和镉的浸提效果[J].农业环境科学学报,27(4):1627-1632
王莲莲,杨学云,杨文静.2013.土壤碳酸盐几种测定方法的比较[J].西北农业学报,22(5):144-150
叶思诚,谭晓风,袁军,等.2013.油茶根系及分泌物中有机酸的HPLC法测定[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),37(6):59-63
杨杰文,钟来元,郭荣发.2011.有机酸溶解砖红壤过程中Mn(Ⅱ)的释放规律[J].环境化学,30(7):1348-1353
赵雨森,王文波,祁海云,等.2010.低分子有机酸/盐对复合污染土壤中Cd、Pb有效性的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,38(6):72-75
赵宽,周葆华,马万征,等.2016.不同环境胁迫对根系分泌有机酸的影响研究进展[J].土壤,48(2):235-240
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