沅江源自然保护区生境质量变化遥感监测
|
摘要
使用遥感技术监测自然保护区生境质量变化情况,对制定差别化的区域生态保护政策具有重要意义。以贵州省沅江源自然保护区为例,基于Landsat影像数据,在Fragstats和InVEST软件支持下分析1990—2018年土地利用变化与景观格局特征,探讨保护区生境质量变化规律,评估自然保护区功能区划合理性并模拟生态保护情景对生境质量的改善效果。结果表明:(1)1990—2018年保护区土地转移主要发生在草地转为林地、耕地转为林地和草地间。土地利用程度综合指数增加,人类活动影响增强,保护区土地利用程度综合指数表现为核心区<缓冲区<实验区。(2)保护区耕地斑块聚集度提高,人工表面斑块密度增加,景观整体优势斑块连通性增加,破碎化程度降低,林地斑块对景观控制作用增强。(3)29 a间保护区平均生境质量呈现波动增加趋势,生境质量提高8. 64%,保护区平均生境质量表现为核心区>缓冲区>实验区。(4)保护区生境质量改善趋势大于退化趋势。定量评估生态保护情景,沅江源自然保护区平均生境质量指数从当前情景的0. 88提高到0. 90。退耕还林还草工程的实施以及保护区内人类活动增加是保护区生境质量改变的主要原因。
In nature reserve,monitoring habitat quality changes by remote sensing technology is of great significance to regional ecological protection policies making. Taking the Yuanjiangyuan Nature Reserve in Guizhou Province as an example,combining Fragstats 4. 2 with InVEST 3. 4. 4 software,land use changes and landscape patterns were analyzed based on Landsat-5 TM images,Landsat-7 ETM+ images and Landsat-8 OLI images from 1990 to 2018. Then,the habitat quality changes were explored and validity of the functional zoning was assessed. Finally,habitat quality improvement affected by ecological protection scenarios was simulated. Results showed that:from 1990 to 2018,forest,constructed land and wetland in nature reserve increased,while grassland,other types and cultivated land decreased. The land transformation of reserve mainly occurred from grassland to forest,cultivated land to forest and cultivated land to grassland. As integrated degree of land use increased,the impact of human activities was gradually increasing. The integrated degree of land use was in the order of the core area < buffer area< pilot area during the past 29 years. The clumpy of cultivated land and the patch density of artificial land increased in reserve. Increase of landscape advantage of patch connectivity led to decrease of the fragmentation. Forest patch controlled landscape pattern. The average habitat quality showed a fluctuating increase trend from 1990 to 2018,which increased by 8. 64% than those in 1990. The average habitat quality was in the order of the core area > buffer area > pilot area in the past 29 years. The trend of habitat quality improvement was greater than that of degradation in nature reserves. Under the ecological protection scenario,the average habitat quality of the reserve increased from 0. 88 to 0. 90. The implementation of Green for Grain plan and the increase of human activities were the main reasons for the changes of the habitat quality.
In nature reserve,monitoring habitat quality changes by remote sensing technology is of great significance to regional ecological protection policies making. Taking the Yuanjiangyuan Nature Reserve in Guizhou Province as an example,combining Fragstats 4. 2 with InVEST 3. 4. 4 software,land use changes and landscape patterns were analyzed based on Landsat-5 TM images,Landsat-7 ETM+ images and Landsat-8 OLI images from 1990 to 2018. Then,the habitat quality changes were explored and validity of the functional zoning was assessed. Finally,habitat quality improvement affected by ecological protection scenarios was simulated. Results showed that:from 1990 to 2018,forest,constructed land and wetland in nature reserve increased,while grassland,other types and cultivated land decreased. The land transformation of reserve mainly occurred from grassland to forest,cultivated land to forest and cultivated land to grassland. As integrated degree of land use increased,the impact of human activities was gradually increasing. The integrated degree of land use was in the order of the core area < buffer area< pilot area during the past 29 years. The clumpy of cultivated land and the patch density of artificial land increased in reserve. Increase of landscape advantage of patch connectivity led to decrease of the fragmentation. Forest patch controlled landscape pattern. The average habitat quality showed a fluctuating increase trend from 1990 to 2018,which increased by 8. 64% than those in 1990. The average habitat quality was in the order of the core area > buffer area > pilot area in the past 29 years. The trend of habitat quality improvement was greater than that of degradation in nature reserves. Under the ecological protection scenario,the average habitat quality of the reserve increased from 0. 88 to 0. 90. The implementation of Green for Grain plan and the increase of human activities were the main reasons for the changes of the habitat quality.
引文
[1] LI G D,FANG C L,WANG S J. Exploring Spatiotemporal Changes in Ecosystem-Service Values and Hotspots in China[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,545/546:609-620.
[2]刘爱琳,匡文慧,闫慧敏,等. 2000—2015年城市和工矿用地扩张对净初级生产力的影响[J].干旱区地理,2017,40(4):805-816.[LIU Ai-lin,KUANG Wen-hui,YAN Hui-min,et al.Impacts of Urban and Industrial Land Expansion on Net Primary Productivity of China During 2000-2015[J]. Arid Land Geography,2017,40(4):805-816.]
[3]乔旭宁,顾羊羊,邹长新,等.基于夜间灯光数据的太湖流域城镇扩张对净初级生产力的影响[J].生态学报,2018,38(16):5883-5893.[QIAO Xu-ning,GU Yang-yang,ZOU Chang-xin,et al. The Impact of Urban Expansion on Net Primary Productivity in the Taihu Lake Basin on Nighttime Light Images[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2018,38(16):5883-5893.]
[4]王芳,陈芝聪,谢小平.太湖流域建设用地与耕地景观时空演变及驱动力[J].生态学报,2018,38(9):3300-3310.[WANG Fang,CHEN Zhi-cong,XIE Xiao-ping. Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Evolution and Its Driving Forces of Construction Land and Cultivated Landscape in Taihu Lake Basin[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2018,38(9):3300-3310.]
[5]王巍淇,李天宏.基于土地利用空间结构的云南省生态风险时空变化分析[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2014,50(2):355-360.[WANG Wei-qi,LI Tian-hong. Temporal and Spatial Variation of Ecological Risk Analysis in Yunnan Province Based on Land Use Spatial Structure[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2014,50(2):355-360.]
[6] TANG X G,LI H P,XU X B,et al. Changing Land Use and Its Impact on the Habitat Suitability for Wintering Anseriformes in China's Poyang Lake Region[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2016,557/558:296-306.
[7]张大智,孙小银,袁兴中,等.南四湖流域1980—2015年土地利用变化及其对流域生境质量的影响[J].湖泊科学,2018,30(2):349-357.[ZHANG Da-zhi,SUN Xiao-yin,YUAN Xing-zhong,et al. Land Use Change and Its Impact on Habitat Quality in Lake Nansi Basin From 1980 to 2015[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2018,30(2):349-357.]
[8]闫瑞强,沈渭寿,赵卫,等.雅鲁藏布江中游河谷黑颈鹤生境适宜性及其保护状况动态变化[J].生态与农村环境学报,2018,34(2):146-152.[YAN Rui-qiang,SHEN Wei-shou,ZHAO Wei,et al. Dynamics of Suitablility and Conservation of the Black-Necked Crane Habitats in the Midstream of the Yarlung Zangbo River[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2018,34(2):146-152.]
[9] TERRADO M,SABATER S,CHAPLIN-KRAMER B,et al. Model Development for the Assessment of Terrestrial and Aquatic Habitat Quality in Conservation Planning[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2016,540:63-70.
[10]刘智方,唐立娜,邱全毅,等.基于土地利用变化的福建省生境质量时空变化研究[J].生态学报,2017,37(13):4538-4548.[LIU Zhi-fang,TANG Li-na,QIU Quan-yi,et al. Temporal and Spatial Changes in Habitat Quality Based on Land-Use Change in Fujian Province[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(13):4538-4548.]
[11]赵梦雨,薛亮.咸阳市生境质量变化遥感监测研究[J].遥感技术与应用,2017,32(6):1171-1180.[ZHAO Meng-yu,XUE Liang. Monitoring by Remote Sensing of Habitat Quality Changes in Xianyang City[J]. Remote Sensing Technology and Application,2017,32(6):1171-1180.]
[12]黄贤峰,杨永菊,武艺,等. 1990—2017年喀斯特自然保护区土地利用变化对生境质量的影响[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(6):345-351.[HUANG Xian-feng,YANG Yong-ju,WU Yi,et al. Land Use Change and Its Impact on Habitat Quality in the Karst Nature Reserve From 1990 to 2017[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,38(6):345-351.]
[13]初庆伟,张洪群,吴业炜,等. Landsat-8卫星数据应用探讨[J].遥感信息,2013,28(4):110-114.[CHU Qing-wei,ZHANG Hong-qun,WU Ye-wei,et al. Application Research of Landsat-8[J]. Remote Sensing Information,2013,28(4):110-114.]
[14]包玉斌,刘康,李婷,等.基于InVEST模型的土地利用变化对生境的影响:以陕西省黄河湿地自然保护区为例[J].干旱区研究,2015,32(3):622-629.[BAO Yu-bin,LIU Kang,LI Ting,et al. Effects of Land Use Change on Habitat Based on InVEST Model:Taking Yellow River Wetland Nature Reserve in Shaanxi Provice as an Example[J]. Arid Zone Research,2015,32(3):622-629.]
[15]张磊,吴炳方,李晓松,等.基于碳收支的中国土地覆被分类系统[J].生态学报,2014,34(24):7158-7166.[ZHANG Lei,WU Bing-fang,LI Xiao-song,et al. Classification System of China Land Cover for Carbon Budget[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014,34(24):7158-7166.]
[16]李艳忠,董鑫,刘雪华.近40年岷山地区白河自然保护区川金丝猴的生境格局动态[J].生态学报,2016,36(7):1803-1814.[LI Yan-zhong,DONG Xin,LIU Xue-hua. Habitat Pattern Dynamics of the Golden Snub-Nosed Monkey in Baihe Nature Reserve,Minshan Mountains,China,Over the Past 40 Years[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(7):1803-1814.]
[17] WANG S Y,LIU J S,MA T B. Dynamics and Changes in Spatial Patterns of Land Use in Yellow River Basin,China[J]. Land Use Policy,2010,27(2):313-323.
[18]吴琳娜,杨胜天,刘晓燕,等. 1976年以来北洛河流域土地利用变化对人类活动程度的响应[J].地理学报,2014,69(1):54-63.[WU Lin-na,YANG Sheng-tian,LIU Xiao-yan,et al. Response Analysis of Land Use Change to the Degree of Human Activities in Beiluo River Basin Since 1976[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2014,69(1):54-63.]
[19]吴娇,李月臣.三峡库区(重庆段)景观格局变化及其对生态系统服务价值的影响[J].生态与农村环境学报,2018,34(4):308-317.[WU Jiao,LI Yue-chen. Variation of Landscape Pattern and Its Influences on Ecosystem Service in Value in Three Gorges Reservoir Area(Chongqing Section)[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2018,34(4):308-317.]
[20]杜清,徐海量,凌红波,等.开都孔雀河流域近20年土地利用/覆被变化及景观破碎化研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2014,30(6):795-799.[DU Qing,XU Hai-liang,LING Hong-bo,et al.Changes in Land Use/Cover Change and Fragmentation of Landscape in the Kaidou-Kongque River Valley in Recent 20 Years[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2014,30(6):795-799.]
[21]陈妍,乔飞,江磊.基于InVEST模型的土地利用格局变化对区域尺度生境质量的评估研究:以北京为例[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2016,52(3):553-562.[CHEN Yan,QIAO Fei,JIANG Lei. Effects of Land Use Pattern Change on Regional Scale Habitat Quality Based on InVEST Model:A Case Study in Beijing[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universities Pekinensis,2016,52(3):553-562.]
[22] SHARP R,TALLIS H T,RICKETTS T,et al. InVEST VERSION User's Guide[Z].[s. l.]:The Natural Capital Project,2016.
[23]胡锋,安裕伦,赵海兵.基于土地利用转型视角的“亚喀斯特”区域生态环境效应研究:以黔中部分地区为例[J].地球与环境,2016,44(4):447-454.[HU Feng,AN Yu-lun,ZHAO Hai-bing. Research on Characteristics of Ecological Environment Effect on a"Semi-Karst"Region Based on Land Use Transition:A Case in Central Guizhou Province,China[J]. Earth and Environment,2016,44(4):447-454.]
[24]王艳芳,沈永明.盐城国家级自然保护区景观格局变化及其驱动力[J].生态学报,2012,32(15):4844-4851.[WANG Yan-fang,SHEN Yong-ming. Analysis on Landscape Pattern Change and Its Driving Forces of Yancheng National Natural Reserve[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(15):4844-4851.]
[2]刘爱琳,匡文慧,闫慧敏,等. 2000—2015年城市和工矿用地扩张对净初级生产力的影响[J].干旱区地理,2017,40(4):805-816.[LIU Ai-lin,KUANG Wen-hui,YAN Hui-min,et al.Impacts of Urban and Industrial Land Expansion on Net Primary Productivity of China During 2000-2015[J]. Arid Land Geography,2017,40(4):805-816.]
[3]乔旭宁,顾羊羊,邹长新,等.基于夜间灯光数据的太湖流域城镇扩张对净初级生产力的影响[J].生态学报,2018,38(16):5883-5893.[QIAO Xu-ning,GU Yang-yang,ZOU Chang-xin,et al. The Impact of Urban Expansion on Net Primary Productivity in the Taihu Lake Basin on Nighttime Light Images[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2018,38(16):5883-5893.]
[4]王芳,陈芝聪,谢小平.太湖流域建设用地与耕地景观时空演变及驱动力[J].生态学报,2018,38(9):3300-3310.[WANG Fang,CHEN Zhi-cong,XIE Xiao-ping. Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Evolution and Its Driving Forces of Construction Land and Cultivated Landscape in Taihu Lake Basin[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2018,38(9):3300-3310.]
[5]王巍淇,李天宏.基于土地利用空间结构的云南省生态风险时空变化分析[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2014,50(2):355-360.[WANG Wei-qi,LI Tian-hong. Temporal and Spatial Variation of Ecological Risk Analysis in Yunnan Province Based on Land Use Spatial Structure[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2014,50(2):355-360.]
[6] TANG X G,LI H P,XU X B,et al. Changing Land Use and Its Impact on the Habitat Suitability for Wintering Anseriformes in China's Poyang Lake Region[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2016,557/558:296-306.
[7]张大智,孙小银,袁兴中,等.南四湖流域1980—2015年土地利用变化及其对流域生境质量的影响[J].湖泊科学,2018,30(2):349-357.[ZHANG Da-zhi,SUN Xiao-yin,YUAN Xing-zhong,et al. Land Use Change and Its Impact on Habitat Quality in Lake Nansi Basin From 1980 to 2015[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2018,30(2):349-357.]
[8]闫瑞强,沈渭寿,赵卫,等.雅鲁藏布江中游河谷黑颈鹤生境适宜性及其保护状况动态变化[J].生态与农村环境学报,2018,34(2):146-152.[YAN Rui-qiang,SHEN Wei-shou,ZHAO Wei,et al. Dynamics of Suitablility and Conservation of the Black-Necked Crane Habitats in the Midstream of the Yarlung Zangbo River[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2018,34(2):146-152.]
[9] TERRADO M,SABATER S,CHAPLIN-KRAMER B,et al. Model Development for the Assessment of Terrestrial and Aquatic Habitat Quality in Conservation Planning[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2016,540:63-70.
[10]刘智方,唐立娜,邱全毅,等.基于土地利用变化的福建省生境质量时空变化研究[J].生态学报,2017,37(13):4538-4548.[LIU Zhi-fang,TANG Li-na,QIU Quan-yi,et al. Temporal and Spatial Changes in Habitat Quality Based on Land-Use Change in Fujian Province[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(13):4538-4548.]
[11]赵梦雨,薛亮.咸阳市生境质量变化遥感监测研究[J].遥感技术与应用,2017,32(6):1171-1180.[ZHAO Meng-yu,XUE Liang. Monitoring by Remote Sensing of Habitat Quality Changes in Xianyang City[J]. Remote Sensing Technology and Application,2017,32(6):1171-1180.]
[12]黄贤峰,杨永菊,武艺,等. 1990—2017年喀斯特自然保护区土地利用变化对生境质量的影响[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(6):345-351.[HUANG Xian-feng,YANG Yong-ju,WU Yi,et al. Land Use Change and Its Impact on Habitat Quality in the Karst Nature Reserve From 1990 to 2017[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,38(6):345-351.]
[13]初庆伟,张洪群,吴业炜,等. Landsat-8卫星数据应用探讨[J].遥感信息,2013,28(4):110-114.[CHU Qing-wei,ZHANG Hong-qun,WU Ye-wei,et al. Application Research of Landsat-8[J]. Remote Sensing Information,2013,28(4):110-114.]
[14]包玉斌,刘康,李婷,等.基于InVEST模型的土地利用变化对生境的影响:以陕西省黄河湿地自然保护区为例[J].干旱区研究,2015,32(3):622-629.[BAO Yu-bin,LIU Kang,LI Ting,et al. Effects of Land Use Change on Habitat Based on InVEST Model:Taking Yellow River Wetland Nature Reserve in Shaanxi Provice as an Example[J]. Arid Zone Research,2015,32(3):622-629.]
[15]张磊,吴炳方,李晓松,等.基于碳收支的中国土地覆被分类系统[J].生态学报,2014,34(24):7158-7166.[ZHANG Lei,WU Bing-fang,LI Xiao-song,et al. Classification System of China Land Cover for Carbon Budget[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014,34(24):7158-7166.]
[16]李艳忠,董鑫,刘雪华.近40年岷山地区白河自然保护区川金丝猴的生境格局动态[J].生态学报,2016,36(7):1803-1814.[LI Yan-zhong,DONG Xin,LIU Xue-hua. Habitat Pattern Dynamics of the Golden Snub-Nosed Monkey in Baihe Nature Reserve,Minshan Mountains,China,Over the Past 40 Years[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(7):1803-1814.]
[17] WANG S Y,LIU J S,MA T B. Dynamics and Changes in Spatial Patterns of Land Use in Yellow River Basin,China[J]. Land Use Policy,2010,27(2):313-323.
[18]吴琳娜,杨胜天,刘晓燕,等. 1976年以来北洛河流域土地利用变化对人类活动程度的响应[J].地理学报,2014,69(1):54-63.[WU Lin-na,YANG Sheng-tian,LIU Xiao-yan,et al. Response Analysis of Land Use Change to the Degree of Human Activities in Beiluo River Basin Since 1976[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2014,69(1):54-63.]
[19]吴娇,李月臣.三峡库区(重庆段)景观格局变化及其对生态系统服务价值的影响[J].生态与农村环境学报,2018,34(4):308-317.[WU Jiao,LI Yue-chen. Variation of Landscape Pattern and Its Influences on Ecosystem Service in Value in Three Gorges Reservoir Area(Chongqing Section)[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2018,34(4):308-317.]
[20]杜清,徐海量,凌红波,等.开都孔雀河流域近20年土地利用/覆被变化及景观破碎化研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2014,30(6):795-799.[DU Qing,XU Hai-liang,LING Hong-bo,et al.Changes in Land Use/Cover Change and Fragmentation of Landscape in the Kaidou-Kongque River Valley in Recent 20 Years[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2014,30(6):795-799.]
[21]陈妍,乔飞,江磊.基于InVEST模型的土地利用格局变化对区域尺度生境质量的评估研究:以北京为例[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2016,52(3):553-562.[CHEN Yan,QIAO Fei,JIANG Lei. Effects of Land Use Pattern Change on Regional Scale Habitat Quality Based on InVEST Model:A Case Study in Beijing[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universities Pekinensis,2016,52(3):553-562.]
[22] SHARP R,TALLIS H T,RICKETTS T,et al. InVEST VERSION User's Guide[Z].[s. l.]:The Natural Capital Project,2016.
[23]胡锋,安裕伦,赵海兵.基于土地利用转型视角的“亚喀斯特”区域生态环境效应研究:以黔中部分地区为例[J].地球与环境,2016,44(4):447-454.[HU Feng,AN Yu-lun,ZHAO Hai-bing. Research on Characteristics of Ecological Environment Effect on a"Semi-Karst"Region Based on Land Use Transition:A Case in Central Guizhou Province,China[J]. Earth and Environment,2016,44(4):447-454.]
[24]王艳芳,沈永明.盐城国家级自然保护区景观格局变化及其驱动力[J].生态学报,2012,32(15):4844-4851.[WANG Yan-fang,SHEN Yong-ming. Analysis on Landscape Pattern Change and Its Driving Forces of Yancheng National Natural Reserve[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(15):4844-4851.]
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |