流域非点源水污染排放清单估算系统构建
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摘要
基于流域水质改善与水环境管理需求,结合目前流域非点源水污染排放存在的问题,本研究采用SOA-B/S架构,运用MVC6和GIS与环境模型集成关键技术,构建流域非点源水污染排放清单估算系统,并系统梳理了地形数据、污染源环境统计数据、气象数据等基础信息,采用基于输出系数法的非点源水污染负荷估算模型,实现了对全年及年内各分水期非点源水污染排放清单的处理分析和估算。系统通过数据库、GIS平台、模型集成和业务系统建设,实现了对不同时间和空间尺度下不同地区的非点源水污染负荷估算,推进了流域非点源污染排放的信息化、科学化及可视化管理,为决策者制定流域水环境管理措施和方案提供了有力的技术支持。
Based on the requirements of water quality improvement and water environment management,combined with the existing problems of watershed non-point source pollution emission,this research used the SOA-C/S architecture and integration technology with MVC6,GIS and environment model to accomplish the construction of watershed non-point source pollution emission inventory estimation system. Basic terrain data,environment statistical data,meteorological data and other basic pollution information were brought in as the main input data for non-point source water pollution estimation under annually period and different water separation period time scale by using non-point source water pollution estimation model. The main contribution of this system is the realization of the non-point source water pollution estimation under different time and space scales by using database,GIS platform,model integration and business system. In the future,the system can also promote the water source management with its informationalized,scientific and visualized characteristics and finally provides excellent technical support for finding solutions for different water management programs.
Based on the requirements of water quality improvement and water environment management,combined with the existing problems of watershed non-point source pollution emission,this research used the SOA-C/S architecture and integration technology with MVC6,GIS and environment model to accomplish the construction of watershed non-point source pollution emission inventory estimation system. Basic terrain data,environment statistical data,meteorological data and other basic pollution information were brought in as the main input data for non-point source water pollution estimation under annually period and different water separation period time scale by using non-point source water pollution estimation model. The main contribution of this system is the realization of the non-point source water pollution estimation under different time and space scales by using database,GIS platform,model integration and business system. In the future,the system can also promote the water source management with its informationalized,scientific and visualized characteristics and finally provides excellent technical support for finding solutions for different water management programs.
引文
[1]金国华.农业非点源污染环境影响评价及防治对策研究[D].长春:东北师范大学,2005.
[2]路月仙,陈振楼,王军,等.地表水环境非点源污染研究的进展与展望[J].环境保护,2003(11):22-26.
[3]CHANG C H,WEN C G,HUANG C H,et al.Nonpoint source pollution loading from an undistributed tropic forest area[J].Environmental monitoring and assessment,2008,146(1-3):113-126.
[4]麻德明,石洪华,丰爱平.基于流域单元的海湾农业非点源污染负荷估算--以莱州湾为例[J].生态学报,2014,34(1):173-181.
[5]BROAD S T,CORKREY R.Estimating annual generation rates of total Pand total N for different land uses in Tasmania,Australia[J].Journal of environmental management,2011,92(6):1609-1617.
[6]宋林旭,刘德富,肖尚斌,等.基于SWAT模型的三峡库区香溪河非点源氮磷负荷模拟[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(1):267-275.
[7]胡文慧,李光永,孟国霞,等.基于SWAT模型的汾河灌区非点源污染负荷评估[J].水利学报,2013,44(11):1309-1316.
[8]MIMIKOU M,PANAGOPOULOS I N,BEKIARIS I G.Application of the SWAT(Soil and water assessment tool)model in the Ronnea catchment of Sweden[J].Globalnest international journal,2005,7(3):313-322.
[9]MANASWI C M,THAWAIT A K.Application of Soil and Water Assessment Tool for Runoff.Modeling of Karam River Basin in Madhya Pradesh[J].International Journal of Scientific Engineering&Technology,2014,3(5).
[10]张恒,曾凡棠,房怀阳,等.基于HSPF及回归模型的淡水河流域非点源负荷计算[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(4):856-864.
[11]SINGH J,KNAPP H V,ARNOLD J G,et al.Hydrological modeling of the Iroquois river watershed using HSPF and swat[J].JAWRA,2010,41(2):343-360.
[12]刘庄,晁建颖,张丽,等.中国非点源污染负荷计算研究现状与存在问题[J].水科学进展,2015,26(3):432-442.
[13]蔡明,李怀恩,庄咏涛,等.改进的输出系数法在流域非点源污染负荷估算中的应用[J].水利学报,2004,35(7):40-45.
[14]张辰,陆建忠,陈晓玲.基于输出系数模型的云南洱海流域农业非点源污染研究[J].华中师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,51(1):108-114.
[15]刘瑞民,沈珍瑶,丁晓雯,等.应用输出系数模型估算长江上游非点源污染负荷[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(2):677-682.
[16]王金南,吴文俊,蒋洪强,等.中国流域水污染控制分区方法与应用[J].水科学进展,2013,24(4):459-468.
[17]周军,马云,叶珍,等.阿什河流域农业非点源污染负荷及现状评价[J].环境科学与管理,2011,36(5):164-168.
[18]李怀恩,庄咏涛.预测非点源营养负荷的输出系数法研究进展与应用[J].西安理工大学学报,2003,19(4):307-312.
[19]王在峰,张水燕,杜天君.流域水污染源排放动态清单编制技术研究[C]//中国环境科学学会2013年学术年会论文集.昆明:中国环境科学学会,2013.
[20]朱建春.陕西农业废弃物资源化利用问题研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2014.
[21]李迪.基于SWAT模型的东辽河流域农业非点源污染模拟研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2011.
[22]徐爱兰,王鹏.基于SWAT模型的圩区农业非点源污染模拟[J].环境监控与预警,2010,2(1):38-43.
[23]赵斌,马建中.天津市大气污染源排放清单的建立[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(2):368-375.
[24]贺华翔,牛存稳,周祖昊,等.第二松花江面源污染时空分布规律的研究[J].中国环境监测,2012,28(5):1-5.
[25]夏敏,班伟,赵冰雪.太湖流域非点源污染负荷估算系统的设计与应用[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(3):197-201.
[26]田恬,李红华,郭晓,等.松花江流域水污染防治规划决策支持系统构建与应用[J].环境保护,2016,44(21):63-66.
[2]路月仙,陈振楼,王军,等.地表水环境非点源污染研究的进展与展望[J].环境保护,2003(11):22-26.
[3]CHANG C H,WEN C G,HUANG C H,et al.Nonpoint source pollution loading from an undistributed tropic forest area[J].Environmental monitoring and assessment,2008,146(1-3):113-126.
[4]麻德明,石洪华,丰爱平.基于流域单元的海湾农业非点源污染负荷估算--以莱州湾为例[J].生态学报,2014,34(1):173-181.
[5]BROAD S T,CORKREY R.Estimating annual generation rates of total Pand total N for different land uses in Tasmania,Australia[J].Journal of environmental management,2011,92(6):1609-1617.
[6]宋林旭,刘德富,肖尚斌,等.基于SWAT模型的三峡库区香溪河非点源氮磷负荷模拟[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(1):267-275.
[7]胡文慧,李光永,孟国霞,等.基于SWAT模型的汾河灌区非点源污染负荷评估[J].水利学报,2013,44(11):1309-1316.
[8]MIMIKOU M,PANAGOPOULOS I N,BEKIARIS I G.Application of the SWAT(Soil and water assessment tool)model in the Ronnea catchment of Sweden[J].Globalnest international journal,2005,7(3):313-322.
[9]MANASWI C M,THAWAIT A K.Application of Soil and Water Assessment Tool for Runoff.Modeling of Karam River Basin in Madhya Pradesh[J].International Journal of Scientific Engineering&Technology,2014,3(5).
[10]张恒,曾凡棠,房怀阳,等.基于HSPF及回归模型的淡水河流域非点源负荷计算[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(4):856-864.
[11]SINGH J,KNAPP H V,ARNOLD J G,et al.Hydrological modeling of the Iroquois river watershed using HSPF and swat[J].JAWRA,2010,41(2):343-360.
[12]刘庄,晁建颖,张丽,等.中国非点源污染负荷计算研究现状与存在问题[J].水科学进展,2015,26(3):432-442.
[13]蔡明,李怀恩,庄咏涛,等.改进的输出系数法在流域非点源污染负荷估算中的应用[J].水利学报,2004,35(7):40-45.
[14]张辰,陆建忠,陈晓玲.基于输出系数模型的云南洱海流域农业非点源污染研究[J].华中师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,51(1):108-114.
[15]刘瑞民,沈珍瑶,丁晓雯,等.应用输出系数模型估算长江上游非点源污染负荷[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(2):677-682.
[16]王金南,吴文俊,蒋洪强,等.中国流域水污染控制分区方法与应用[J].水科学进展,2013,24(4):459-468.
[17]周军,马云,叶珍,等.阿什河流域农业非点源污染负荷及现状评价[J].环境科学与管理,2011,36(5):164-168.
[18]李怀恩,庄咏涛.预测非点源营养负荷的输出系数法研究进展与应用[J].西安理工大学学报,2003,19(4):307-312.
[19]王在峰,张水燕,杜天君.流域水污染源排放动态清单编制技术研究[C]//中国环境科学学会2013年学术年会论文集.昆明:中国环境科学学会,2013.
[20]朱建春.陕西农业废弃物资源化利用问题研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2014.
[21]李迪.基于SWAT模型的东辽河流域农业非点源污染模拟研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2011.
[22]徐爱兰,王鹏.基于SWAT模型的圩区农业非点源污染模拟[J].环境监控与预警,2010,2(1):38-43.
[23]赵斌,马建中.天津市大气污染源排放清单的建立[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(2):368-375.
[24]贺华翔,牛存稳,周祖昊,等.第二松花江面源污染时空分布规律的研究[J].中国环境监测,2012,28(5):1-5.
[25]夏敏,班伟,赵冰雪.太湖流域非点源污染负荷估算系统的设计与应用[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(3):197-201.
[26]田恬,李红华,郭晓,等.松花江流域水污染防治规划决策支持系统构建与应用[J].环境保护,2016,44(21):63-66.
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