渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷沙一下亚段地质特征与页岩油勘探潜力
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摘要
利用系统取心、地震、测井、录井和系统取样分析资料,对歧口凹陷西南缘沙一下亚段页岩层系沉积环境、岩性及组合特征、生烃条件、储集空间、岩石脆性等方面展开综合研究.研究认为:(1)沙一下亚段为歧口凹陷古近系最大湖泛沉积,西南缘宽缓的湖湾背景有利于细粒沉积稳定分布,具备页岩油发育的沉积背景;(2)优质烃源岩纵向上连续分布(60～80 m),平面上稳定分布(1 518 km2),埋藏适中(1 900～3 000 m),主体处于第1期大量生烃阶段,具备页岩油发育的有利生烃条件;(3)矿物成份多样,以碳酸盐岩和细粒混合沉积岩为主,薄互层白云岩、油页岩、泥岩纵向上交互发育,平面连续分布,具备页岩油发育的岩性及组合条件;(4)岩性组合及生烃条件等参数综合评价,纵向上识别出4个垂向甜点段(C1～C4),甜点段之间发育3个高GR、低RT泥岩隔板层;(5)优选有机质丰度、成熟度和甜点段厚度3个甜点评价参数,平面上识别出4个Ⅰ类甜点分布区共380 km2,为下一步勘探的重点.
Using system coring, seismic data, logging, and various analysis data, comprehensive research focus on the sedimentary environment, lithology, hydrocarbon generation conditions, reservoir space and reservoir brittleness of the lower first member of Shahejie formation in Qikou sag, Bohai Bay Basin.The study concluded that:(1) The maximum lake flooding period of the Paleogene in the lower first member of Shahejie formation of Southwestern margin Qikou sag has wide gentle slope background which is conducive to the stable distribution of fine-grained sediments and conducive to shale oil development;(2) Highquality hydrocarbons are continuously distributed in the longitudinal direction(60～80 m) and with wide distribution area(1 518 km2), formation depth in 1 900～3 000 m which is the first phase of the massive hydrocarbon generation phase and have hydrocarbon-generating conditions for shale oil development;(3) Diverse mineral composition and mainly with carbonate rocks and mixed fine-grained sedimentary rocks, thin interbedded dolomite, oil shale, mudstone alternately develop in the longitudinal direction, plane continuous distribution;(4) C1, C2, C3 and C4 dessert are identified in the longitudinal direction which contains three high-GR and low-RT mudstone separator layers;(5) Organic matter abundance, maturity and dessert section thickness can be used for dessert evaluatio and four Class I dessert distribution areas(380 km2) were identified on the plane which is the main exploration target of next step.
Using system coring, seismic data, logging, and various analysis data, comprehensive research focus on the sedimentary environment, lithology, hydrocarbon generation conditions, reservoir space and reservoir brittleness of the lower first member of Shahejie formation in Qikou sag, Bohai Bay Basin.The study concluded that:(1) The maximum lake flooding period of the Paleogene in the lower first member of Shahejie formation of Southwestern margin Qikou sag has wide gentle slope background which is conducive to the stable distribution of fine-grained sediments and conducive to shale oil development;(2) Highquality hydrocarbons are continuously distributed in the longitudinal direction(60～80 m) and with wide distribution area(1 518 km2), formation depth in 1 900～3 000 m which is the first phase of the massive hydrocarbon generation phase and have hydrocarbon-generating conditions for shale oil development;(3) Diverse mineral composition and mainly with carbonate rocks and mixed fine-grained sedimentary rocks, thin interbedded dolomite, oil shale, mudstone alternately develop in the longitudinal direction, plane continuous distribution;(4) C1, C2, C3 and C4 dessert are identified in the longitudinal direction which contains three high-GR and low-RT mudstone separator layers;(5) Organic matter abundance, maturity and dessert section thickness can be used for dessert evaluatio and four Class I dessert distribution areas(380 km2) were identified on the plane which is the main exploration target of next step.
引文
Chen,S.Y.,Li,C.,Yang,Y.Q.,et al.,2012a.Deposition Environment of the Lacustrine Lolomite in Sha-1 Lowsr Submember of the Qikou Sag,Huanghua Depression.Acta Geologica Sinica,86(10):1679-1687(in Chinese with English abstract).
Chen,S.Y.,Wang,L.,Li,C.,et al.,2012b.The Saline Genesis of Lacustrine Basin in the Lower Section of the First Member of Shahejie Formation in Qikou Sag.Acta Petrolei Sinica,33(01):40-47(in Chinese with English abstract).
Gao,F.H.,Zhang,Y.S.,Pu,X.G.,et al.,2017.Type of Dolomization and Formation Mechanism:A Case Study of Palaeogene Es1in Qikou Sag.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),47(2):355-369(in Chinese with English abstract).
Guo,T.L.,Zhang,H.R.,2014.Formation and Enrichment Mode of Jiaoshiba Shale Gas Field,Sichuan Basin.Petroleum Exploration and Development,41(1):28-36(in Chinese with English abstract).
Jiang,Z.X.,Liang,C.,Wu,J.,et al.,2013.Several Issues in Sedimentological Studies on Hydrocarbon-Bearing FineGrained Sedimentary Rocks.Acta Petrolei Sinica,34(6):1031-1039(in Chinese with English abstract).
Kristen,R.M.,2018.2015 US Geological Survey Assessment of Undiscovered Shale-Gas and Shale-Oil Resources of the Mississippian Barnett Shale,Bend Arch-Fort Worth Basin,Texas.AAPG Bulletin,102(7):1299-1321.https://doi.org/10.1306/0810171622017164
Li,H.Y.,Xu,C.G.,Liu,T.H.,et al.,2010.The Formation Mechanisms and Characteristics of Thin-Layer Mudstone Caprock and Its Relationship with Hydrocarbon Accumulation in the Terrestrial Basin:An Example of Thin-Layer Mudstone Caprock in the South-Central Liaodong Bay.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,32(1):19-23(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li,S.F.,Hu,A.Z.,Zhang,D.M.,et al.,2019.Idea,Method and Application of Evaluating Shale Oil Potential by Free Hydrocarbon Difference.Earth Science,44(3):929-938(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ma,X.H.,2018.Enrichment Laws and Scale Effective Development of Shale Gas in the Southern Sichuan Basin.Natural Gas Industry,38(10):1-10(in Chinese with English abstract).
Peters,K.E.,1998.Guidelines for Evaluating Petroleum Source Rock Using Programmed Pyrolysis.AAPG Bulletin,70(2):318-329
Pu,X.G.,Zhou,L.H.,Han,W.Z.,et al.,2014.Gravity Flow Sedimentation and Tight Oil Exploration in Lower First Member of Shahejie Formation in Slope Area of Qikou Sag,Bohai Bay Basin.Petroleum Exploration and Development,41(2):138-149(in Chinese with English abstract).
Qiu,Z.,Shi,Z.S.,Dong,D.Z.,et al.,2016.Geological Characteristics of Source Rock and Reservoir of Tight Oil and Its Accumulation Mechanism:A Case Study of Permian Lucaogou Formation in Jimusar Sag,Junggar Basin.Petroleum Exploration and Development,43(6):928-939(in Chinese with English abstract).
Richard,M.P.,2007.Total Petroleum System Assessment of Undiscovered Resources in the Giant Barnett Shale Continuous(Unconventional)Gas Accumulation,Fort Worth Basin,Texas.AAPG Bulletin,91(4):551-578.https://doi.org/10.1306/06200606007
Tang,Y.,Xing,Y.,Li,L.Z.,et al.,2012.Influence Factors and Evaluation Methods of the Gas Shale Fracability.Earth Science Frontiers,19(5):356-363(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang,Z.S.,Hua,S.J.,Yu,X.M.,et al.,2014.Grading Evaluation and High Quality Source Rock Distribution in Qikou Sag.Natural Gas Geoscience,25(12):1896-1902(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yan,W.P.,Yang,T.,Li,X.,et al.,2014.Geological Characteristics and Hydrocarbon Exploration Potential of Lacustrine Carbonate Rock in China.China Petroleum Exploration,19(4):11-17(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yao,Y.,Wang,G.,Li,L.,et al.,2017.The Reservoir Heterogeneity Characteristics and Affecting Factors of Tight Lacustrine Dolomite Reservoirs.Earth Science,42(12):2327-2335(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yu,X.M.,He,Y.M.,Jiang,W.Y.,et al.,2011.Hydrocarbon Generation of Paleogene Source Rocks in Qikou Sag.Natural Gas Geoscience,22(6):1001-1008(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao,X.Z.,Pu,X.G.,Wang,J.H.,et al.,2017a.Sand and Reservoir Controlling Mechanism and Exploration Discovery in the Gentle Slope of Fault Basin:A Case Study of Qibei Slope in Qikou Sag.Acta Petrolei Sinica,38(7):729-739(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao,X.Z.,Pu,X.G.,Zhou,L.H.,et al.,2017b.Reconstruction of Paleogene Sedimentary System and Reservoir Evaluation in Qikou Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,China.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology,44(5):565-578(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zheng,M.,Li,J.Z.,Wang,G.W.,et al.,2018.Analysis of Oil Charging and Accumulation Processes in Tight Reservoir Beds:A Case Study of Lucaogu Formation in Jimsar Sag of Junggar Basin,NW China.Earth Science,43(10):3719-3732(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhou,L.H.,Pu,X.G.,Chen,C.W.,et al.,2018.Concepe,Charcateristics and Prospecting Significance of FineGrained Sedimentary Oil Gas in Terrestrial Lake Basin:A Case from the Second Membei of Paleogene Kongdian Formation of Cangdong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin.Earth Science,43(10):3625-3639(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhou,L.H.,Pu,X.G.,Deng,Y.,et al.,2016.Several Issues in Studies on Fine-Grained Sedimentary Rocks.Lithologic Reservoirs,28(1):6-15(in Chinese with English abstract)
陈世悦，李聪，杨勇强，等，2012a.黄骅坳陷歧口凹陷沙一下亚段湖相白云岩形成环境.地质学报，86(10):1679-1687.
陈世悦，王玲，李聪，等，2012b.歧口凹陷古近系沙河街组一段下亚段湖盆咸化成因.石油学报，33(1):40-47.
高福红，张永胜，蒲秀刚，等，2017.白云岩化作用类型及机理--以歧口凹陷古近系沙河街组一段为例.吉林大学学报（地球科学版），47(2):355-369.
郭彤楼，张汉荣，2014.四川盆地焦石坝页岩气田形成与富集高产模式.石油勘探与开发，41(1):28-36.
姜在兴，梁超，吴靖，等，2013.含油气细粒沉积岩研究的几个问题.石油学报，34(6):1031-1039.
李慧勇，徐长贵，刘廷海，等，2010.陆相盆地薄层泥岩盖层形成机制、特征与油气成藏关系--以辽东湾地区中南部为例.石油实验地质，32(1):19-23.
李水福，胡守志，张冬梅，等，2019.自由烃差值法评价页岩含油性的思想、方法及应用.地球科学，44(3):929-938.
马新华，2018.四川盆地南部页岩气富集规律与规模有效开发探索.天然气工业，38(10):1-10.
蒲秀刚，周立宏，韩文中，等，2014.歧口凹陷沙一下亚段斜坡区重力流沉积与致密油勘探.石油勘探与开发，41(2):138-149.
邱振，施振生，董大忠，等，2016.致密油源储特征与聚集机理--以准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组为例.石油勘探与开发，43(6):928-939.
唐颖，邢云，李乐忠，等，2012.页岩储层可压裂性影响因素及评价方法.地学前缘，19(5):356-363.
王铁冠，钟宁宁，侯读杰，等，1996.陆相湖盆生物类脂物早期生烃机制研究.中国科学（D辑：地球科学），26(6):518-524.
王振升，滑双君，于学敏，等，2014.歧口凹陷沙河街组烃源岩分级评价及优质烃源岩分布.天然气地球科学，25(12):1896-1902.
闫伟鹏，杨涛，李欣，等，2014.中国陆上湖相碳酸盐岩地质特征及勘探潜力.中国石油勘探，19(4):11-17.
姚悦，王刚，李乐，等，2017.湖相致密白云岩不均一油藏特征及主控因素.地球科学，42(12):2327-2335.
于学敏，何咏梅，姜文亚，等，2011.黄骅坳陷歧口凹陷古近系烃源岩主要生烃特点.天然气地球科学，22(6):1001-1008.
赵贤正，蒲秀刚，王家豪，等，2017a.断陷盆地缓坡区控砂控藏机制与勘探发现--以歧口凹陷歧北缓坡带为例.石油学报，38(7):729-739.
赵贤正，蒲秀刚，周立宏，等，2017b.渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷古近系沉积体系重建与储集层评价.成都理工大学学报（自然科学版），44(5):565-578.
郑民，李建忠，王文广，等，2018.致密储层石油充注成藏过程分析：以准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组为例.地球科学，43(10):3719-3732.
周立宏，蒲秀刚，陈长伟，等，2018.陆相湖盆细粒岩油气的概念、特征及勘探意义：以渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷孔二段为例.地球科学，43(10):3625-3639.
周立宏，蒲秀刚，邓远，等，2016.细粒沉积岩研究中几个值得关注的问题.岩性油气藏，28(1):6-15.
Chen,S.Y.,Wang,L.,Li,C.,et al.,2012b.The Saline Genesis of Lacustrine Basin in the Lower Section of the First Member of Shahejie Formation in Qikou Sag.Acta Petrolei Sinica,33(01):40-47(in Chinese with English abstract).
Gao,F.H.,Zhang,Y.S.,Pu,X.G.,et al.,2017.Type of Dolomization and Formation Mechanism:A Case Study of Palaeogene Es1in Qikou Sag.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),47(2):355-369(in Chinese with English abstract).
Guo,T.L.,Zhang,H.R.,2014.Formation and Enrichment Mode of Jiaoshiba Shale Gas Field,Sichuan Basin.Petroleum Exploration and Development,41(1):28-36(in Chinese with English abstract).
Jiang,Z.X.,Liang,C.,Wu,J.,et al.,2013.Several Issues in Sedimentological Studies on Hydrocarbon-Bearing FineGrained Sedimentary Rocks.Acta Petrolei Sinica,34(6):1031-1039(in Chinese with English abstract).
Kristen,R.M.,2018.2015 US Geological Survey Assessment of Undiscovered Shale-Gas and Shale-Oil Resources of the Mississippian Barnett Shale,Bend Arch-Fort Worth Basin,Texas.AAPG Bulletin,102(7):1299-1321.https://doi.org/10.1306/0810171622017164
Li,H.Y.,Xu,C.G.,Liu,T.H.,et al.,2010.The Formation Mechanisms and Characteristics of Thin-Layer Mudstone Caprock and Its Relationship with Hydrocarbon Accumulation in the Terrestrial Basin:An Example of Thin-Layer Mudstone Caprock in the South-Central Liaodong Bay.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,32(1):19-23(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li,S.F.,Hu,A.Z.,Zhang,D.M.,et al.,2019.Idea,Method and Application of Evaluating Shale Oil Potential by Free Hydrocarbon Difference.Earth Science,44(3):929-938(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ma,X.H.,2018.Enrichment Laws and Scale Effective Development of Shale Gas in the Southern Sichuan Basin.Natural Gas Industry,38(10):1-10(in Chinese with English abstract).
Peters,K.E.,1998.Guidelines for Evaluating Petroleum Source Rock Using Programmed Pyrolysis.AAPG Bulletin,70(2):318-329
Pu,X.G.,Zhou,L.H.,Han,W.Z.,et al.,2014.Gravity Flow Sedimentation and Tight Oil Exploration in Lower First Member of Shahejie Formation in Slope Area of Qikou Sag,Bohai Bay Basin.Petroleum Exploration and Development,41(2):138-149(in Chinese with English abstract).
Qiu,Z.,Shi,Z.S.,Dong,D.Z.,et al.,2016.Geological Characteristics of Source Rock and Reservoir of Tight Oil and Its Accumulation Mechanism:A Case Study of Permian Lucaogou Formation in Jimusar Sag,Junggar Basin.Petroleum Exploration and Development,43(6):928-939(in Chinese with English abstract).
Richard,M.P.,2007.Total Petroleum System Assessment of Undiscovered Resources in the Giant Barnett Shale Continuous(Unconventional)Gas Accumulation,Fort Worth Basin,Texas.AAPG Bulletin,91(4):551-578.https://doi.org/10.1306/06200606007
Tang,Y.,Xing,Y.,Li,L.Z.,et al.,2012.Influence Factors and Evaluation Methods of the Gas Shale Fracability.Earth Science Frontiers,19(5):356-363(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang,Z.S.,Hua,S.J.,Yu,X.M.,et al.,2014.Grading Evaluation and High Quality Source Rock Distribution in Qikou Sag.Natural Gas Geoscience,25(12):1896-1902(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yan,W.P.,Yang,T.,Li,X.,et al.,2014.Geological Characteristics and Hydrocarbon Exploration Potential of Lacustrine Carbonate Rock in China.China Petroleum Exploration,19(4):11-17(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yao,Y.,Wang,G.,Li,L.,et al.,2017.The Reservoir Heterogeneity Characteristics and Affecting Factors of Tight Lacustrine Dolomite Reservoirs.Earth Science,42(12):2327-2335(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yu,X.M.,He,Y.M.,Jiang,W.Y.,et al.,2011.Hydrocarbon Generation of Paleogene Source Rocks in Qikou Sag.Natural Gas Geoscience,22(6):1001-1008(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao,X.Z.,Pu,X.G.,Wang,J.H.,et al.,2017a.Sand and Reservoir Controlling Mechanism and Exploration Discovery in the Gentle Slope of Fault Basin:A Case Study of Qibei Slope in Qikou Sag.Acta Petrolei Sinica,38(7):729-739(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao,X.Z.,Pu,X.G.,Zhou,L.H.,et al.,2017b.Reconstruction of Paleogene Sedimentary System and Reservoir Evaluation in Qikou Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,China.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology,44(5):565-578(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zheng,M.,Li,J.Z.,Wang,G.W.,et al.,2018.Analysis of Oil Charging and Accumulation Processes in Tight Reservoir Beds:A Case Study of Lucaogu Formation in Jimsar Sag of Junggar Basin,NW China.Earth Science,43(10):3719-3732(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhou,L.H.,Pu,X.G.,Chen,C.W.,et al.,2018.Concepe,Charcateristics and Prospecting Significance of FineGrained Sedimentary Oil Gas in Terrestrial Lake Basin:A Case from the Second Membei of Paleogene Kongdian Formation of Cangdong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin.Earth Science,43(10):3625-3639(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhou,L.H.,Pu,X.G.,Deng,Y.,et al.,2016.Several Issues in Studies on Fine-Grained Sedimentary Rocks.Lithologic Reservoirs,28(1):6-15(in Chinese with English abstract)
陈世悦，李聪，杨勇强，等，2012a.黄骅坳陷歧口凹陷沙一下亚段湖相白云岩形成环境.地质学报，86(10):1679-1687.
陈世悦，王玲，李聪，等，2012b.歧口凹陷古近系沙河街组一段下亚段湖盆咸化成因.石油学报，33(1):40-47.
高福红，张永胜，蒲秀刚，等，2017.白云岩化作用类型及机理--以歧口凹陷古近系沙河街组一段为例.吉林大学学报（地球科学版），47(2):355-369.
郭彤楼，张汉荣，2014.四川盆地焦石坝页岩气田形成与富集高产模式.石油勘探与开发，41(1):28-36.
姜在兴，梁超，吴靖，等，2013.含油气细粒沉积岩研究的几个问题.石油学报，34(6):1031-1039.
李慧勇，徐长贵，刘廷海，等，2010.陆相盆地薄层泥岩盖层形成机制、特征与油气成藏关系--以辽东湾地区中南部为例.石油实验地质，32(1):19-23.
李水福，胡守志，张冬梅，等，2019.自由烃差值法评价页岩含油性的思想、方法及应用.地球科学，44(3):929-938.
马新华，2018.四川盆地南部页岩气富集规律与规模有效开发探索.天然气工业，38(10):1-10.
蒲秀刚，周立宏，韩文中，等，2014.歧口凹陷沙一下亚段斜坡区重力流沉积与致密油勘探.石油勘探与开发，41(2):138-149.
邱振，施振生，董大忠，等，2016.致密油源储特征与聚集机理--以准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组为例.石油勘探与开发，43(6):928-939.
唐颖，邢云，李乐忠，等，2012.页岩储层可压裂性影响因素及评价方法.地学前缘，19(5):356-363.
王铁冠，钟宁宁，侯读杰，等，1996.陆相湖盆生物类脂物早期生烃机制研究.中国科学（D辑：地球科学），26(6):518-524.
王振升，滑双君，于学敏，等，2014.歧口凹陷沙河街组烃源岩分级评价及优质烃源岩分布.天然气地球科学，25(12):1896-1902.
闫伟鹏，杨涛，李欣，等，2014.中国陆上湖相碳酸盐岩地质特征及勘探潜力.中国石油勘探，19(4):11-17.
姚悦，王刚，李乐，等，2017.湖相致密白云岩不均一油藏特征及主控因素.地球科学，42(12):2327-2335.
于学敏，何咏梅，姜文亚，等，2011.黄骅坳陷歧口凹陷古近系烃源岩主要生烃特点.天然气地球科学，22(6):1001-1008.
赵贤正，蒲秀刚，王家豪，等，2017a.断陷盆地缓坡区控砂控藏机制与勘探发现--以歧口凹陷歧北缓坡带为例.石油学报，38(7):729-739.
赵贤正，蒲秀刚，周立宏，等，2017b.渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷古近系沉积体系重建与储集层评价.成都理工大学学报（自然科学版），44(5):565-578.
郑民，李建忠，王文广，等，2018.致密储层石油充注成藏过程分析：以准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组为例.地球科学，43(10):3719-3732.
周立宏，蒲秀刚，陈长伟，等，2018.陆相湖盆细粒岩油气的概念、特征及勘探意义：以渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷孔二段为例.地球科学，43(10):3625-3639.
周立宏，蒲秀刚，邓远，等，2016.细粒沉积岩研究中几个值得关注的问题.岩性油气藏，28(1):6-15.
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