致密砂岩气储层水力压裂后产能测井评价技术——以鄂尔多斯盆地临兴区块为例
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摘要
致密砂岩气是我国一种重要的非常规天然气资源,面临水力压裂测试成功率低、压裂后产能低的难题。详细对比研究了鄂尔多斯盆地临兴区块29口探井致密砂岩气储层的动静态参数与测试产能的关系及其影响因素,指出压后产能除了与孔隙度、渗透率、饱和度等静态参数有较好的正相关外,还受储层与围岩地应力差、储层脆性指数等动态参数的影响。通过岩样压裂后裂缝发育程度的描述及岩心压裂前后声学参数的测定,建立了研究区动态脆性指数与压裂缝发育程度的定量评价指标,并利用快慢横波各向异性度指标检测储层的压裂效果,形成了动静态参数耦合的致密气测井产能分级预测方法及标准。本文方法对于提高致密砂岩气储层压后产能预测精度和压裂成功率,进而提高致密砂岩气藏勘探开发效益具有重要指导意义。
The tight sandstone gas is an important unconventional natural gas resource in China.Its production faces the challenges of low success rate of hydraulic fracturing test and low productivity after fracturing.The relationship between the dynamic/static parameters and test productivity of tight sandstone gas reservoirs in 29 exploration wells in Linxing block of Ordos basin as well as the productivity influencing factors have been studied in detail.It is pointed out that the post-fracturing productivity is not only positively correlated with static parameters,such as porosity,permeability and saturation,but also affected by dynamic parameters such as the difference of Geo-stresses between reservoir and surrounding rocks and rock brittleness index.Based on the description of fracture extension after fracturing of rock samples and the measurement of acoustic parameters pre/post-fracturing of cores,aquantitative interpretational indicator of dynamic brittleness index and fracture extension in the study area is established,and the fracturing effect of reservoir is detected by fast and slow transverse wave anisotropy index.The productivity categorizing prediction method and standard of tight sandstone gas reservoirs are established based on the coupling of dynamic and static parameters.The method in this paper is of great importance for improving the prediction accuracy of productivity after fracturing and the success rate of fracturing in tight sandstone gas reservoirs,and further improving the exploration and development benefits of tight sandstone gas reservoirs.
The tight sandstone gas is an important unconventional natural gas resource in China.Its production faces the challenges of low success rate of hydraulic fracturing test and low productivity after fracturing.The relationship between the dynamic/static parameters and test productivity of tight sandstone gas reservoirs in 29 exploration wells in Linxing block of Ordos basin as well as the productivity influencing factors have been studied in detail.It is pointed out that the post-fracturing productivity is not only positively correlated with static parameters,such as porosity,permeability and saturation,but also affected by dynamic parameters such as the difference of Geo-stresses between reservoir and surrounding rocks and rock brittleness index.Based on the description of fracture extension after fracturing of rock samples and the measurement of acoustic parameters pre/post-fracturing of cores,aquantitative interpretational indicator of dynamic brittleness index and fracture extension in the study area is established,and the fracturing effect of reservoir is detected by fast and slow transverse wave anisotropy index.The productivity categorizing prediction method and standard of tight sandstone gas reservoirs are established based on the coupling of dynamic and static parameters.The method in this paper is of great importance for improving the prediction accuracy of productivity after fracturing and the success rate of fracturing in tight sandstone gas reservoirs,and further improving the exploration and development benefits of tight sandstone gas reservoirs.
引文
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[2]冉新权,何光怀.关键技术突破,集成技术创新,实现苏里格气田规模有效开发[J].天然气工业,2007,27(12):1-5.RAN Xinquan,HE Guanghuai.Key technologies broken through and integrated techniques innovated to roll boost highly efficlent development in Sulige gas field in large scale[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(12):1-5.
[3]时卓,张海涛,刘天定,等.基于测井资料的苏里格气田致密砂岩储层产能预测方法[J].低渗透油气田,2012,1(1):71-77.SHI Zhuo,ZHANG Haitao,LIU Tianding,et al.Logging data based productivity forecasting method of tight reservoirs in Sulige gasfield[J].Low Permeability Oil&Gas Fields,2012,1(1):71-77.
[4]石玉江,时卓,张海涛.苏里格气田致密气层测井精细建模方法[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2012,34(5):71-77.SHI Yujiang,SHI Zhuo,ZHANG Haitao.Fine logging interpretation method of tight gas reservoir in Sulige gas field[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2012,34(5):71-77.
[5]时卓,石玉江,张海涛,等.低渗透致密砂岩储层测井产能预测方法[J].测井技术,2012,36(4):641-646.SHI Zhuo,SHI Yujiang,ZHANG Haitao,et al.Well logging productivity prediction method of low permeability tight sandstone reservoir[J].Logging Technology,2012,36(4):641-646.
[6]庄华.苏里格致密砂岩气层压裂产能测井预测方法研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2013.ZHUANG Hua.Research on gas productivity prediction based on logs for post-frac tight sandstone reservoirs in Sulige Area[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2013.
[7]蒋必辞,潘保芝,庄华,等.改进GRNN网络预测致密砂岩气层压裂产能[J].世界地质,2014,33(2):471-476.JIANG Bici,PAN Baozhi,ZHUANG Hua,et al.Prediction of gas productivity based on improved GRNN for post-frac tight sandstone reservoirs[J].Global Geology,2014,33(2):471-476.
[8]童凯军,单钰铭,廖特权,等.基于统计学的测井储层产能分级预测研究[J].天然气勘探与开发,2008,31(2):40-43.TONG Kaijun,SHAN Yuming,LIAO Tequan,et al.Based on the statistical classification logging reservoir capacity forecast[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2008,31(2):40-43.
[9]张丽华,潘保芝,庄华,等.低孔隙度低渗透率储层压裂后产能测井预测方法研究[J].测井技术,2012,36(1):101-105.ZHANG Lihua,PAN Baozhi,ZHUANG Hua,et al.Productivity log forecasting method for post-frac reservoirs with low porosity and low permeability[J].Well Logging Technology,2012,36(1):101-105.
[10]李小强,赵彦超.基于MATLAB的广义回归神经网络的低渗特低渗砂岩气层产能预测[J].内蒙古石油化工,2009(17):138-141.LI Xiaoqiang,ZHAO Yanchao.MATLAB-based GRNN hypotonic low permeability sandstone gas production forecast[J].Inner Mongulia Petrochemical Industry,2009(17):138-141.
[11]杨向同,滕起,张杨,等.地质工程一体化支撑下的裂缝性致密砂岩气藏压后评估及产能预测方法研究[J].中国石油勘探,2018,23(2):104-116.YANG Xiangtong,TENG Qi,ZHANG Yang,et al.Post hydraulic fracturing evaluation and productivity prediction method of fractured tight sandstone gas reservoirs supported by geology-engineering integration[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2018,23(2):104-116.
[12]刘畅,王琪,王应斌.鄂尔多斯盆地临兴中区块上古生界盒8段储层发育控制因素[J].中国海上油气,2018,30(1):50-61.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2018.01.006.LIU Chang,WANG Qi,WANG Yingbin.Research on controlling factors of reservoir development in Upper Paleozoic He 8Member in Linxing Middle block,Ordos basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2018,30(1):50-61.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2018.01.006.
[13]蒋必辞,潘保芝,张海涛,等.致密砂岩气层压裂产能预测主要影响因素确定[J].地球科学期刊,2014(2):125-129.JIANG Bici,PAN Baozhi,ZHANG Haitao,et al.Research on determination of the main factors influencing the gas well post-frac productivity prediction for tight sandstone reservoirs[J].Scientific Journal of Earth Science,2014(2):125-129.
[14]徐发,时琼,鹿克峰,等.非常规致密砂岩储层产能模拟分析:以西湖凹陷Z构造为例[J].中国海上油气,2013,25(2):52-55.XU Fa,SHI Qiong,LU Kefeng,et al.An analysis of the productivity simulation for unconventional reservoirs of tight sandstone:a case from Z structure in Xihu sag[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2013,25(2):52-55.
[15]石玉江,杨小明,程玉梅,等.苏里格低渗透致密砂岩气藏测井综合评价技术[R].中国油气论坛2010:石油测井专题研讨会,2010.
[16]赵彦超,吴春萍,吴东平.致密砂岩气层的测井评价:以鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地山西组一段气田为例[J].地质科技情报,2003,22(4):65-70.ZHAO Yanchao,WU Chunping,WU Dongping.Logging evaluation to tight gas sandstone:a case study from the First Member of Shanxi Formation in Daniudi gas pool,Ordos Basin,China[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2003,22(4):65-70.
[17]吴春萍.鄂尔多斯盆地北部上古生界致密砂岩储层测井地质评价[J].特种油气藏,2004,11(1):9-17.WU Chunping.Logging geologic evaluation for tight sandstone reservoir in Upper Palaeozoic of the north of Ordos basin[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoir,2004,11(1):9-17.
[18]杨双定.鄂尔多斯盆地致密砂岩气层测井评价新技术[J].天然气工业,2005,25(9):45-47.YANG Shuangding.New method of log evaluation of the tight sandstone gas reservoirs in Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(9):45-47.
[19]时卓,张海涛,刘天定,等.基于测井资料的苏里格气田致密砂岩储层产能预测方法[J].低渗透油气田,2012(1):71-77.SHI Zhuo,ZHANG Haitao,LIU Tianding,et al.Logging data based productivity forecasting methods of tight sandstone reservoirs in Sulige Gasfield[J].Low Permeability Oil&Gas field,2012(1):71-77.
[20]冉利民,张松阳,黄国骞.利用测井资料对大牛地气田上古生界天然气储层进行产能预测的应用效果评价[C]∥李宝同主编.中国石化天然气测井与测试技术论文集(2006).北京:中国石化出版社,2006.
[21]潘保芝,石玉江,蒋必辞,等.致密砂岩气层压裂产能及等级预测方法[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2015,45(2):649-654.PAN Baozhi,SHI Yujiang,JIANG Bici,et al.Research on gas yield and level prediction for post-frac tight sandstone reservoirs[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2015,45(2):649-654.
[22]周长静,郝瑞芬,肖元相,等.致密砂岩气藏多层压裂改造多层产能测试评价研究[J].油气井测试,2016,25(2):1-5.ZHOU Changjing,HAO Ruifeng,XIAO Yuanxiang,et al.Multi layer productivity test and evaluation of multi-layer fracturing in tight sandstone gas reservoir[J].Well Testing,2016,25(2):1-5.
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