鄂尔多斯盆地低渗透致密砂岩气藏水平井分段多簇压裂布缝优化研究
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摘要
鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗区块属于典型的低渗透致密砂岩气藏,水平井分段压裂是最有效的增产改造方式。水平井分段多簇压裂裂缝布局对于压裂后产能具有重要影响,为使水平井压裂后产能最大化,运用位势理论和势叠加原理,考虑缝间干扰、启动压力梯度、耦合储层渗流与裂缝流动,建立低渗透致密砂岩气藏压裂水平井非稳态产能预测模型,利用该模型可以同时计算平直裂缝以及弯曲裂缝的产能。以杭锦旗区块锦58井区盒3层为例,利用正交设计方法研究了压裂段内不同裂缝簇数条件下裂缝参数对水平井压裂产能的影响规律。结果显示,每段3簇裂缝以及4簇裂缝所得结果一致,即裂缝参数对压裂产能的影响由强到弱依次为总裂缝半长、缝长比、裂缝导流能力、间距比,推荐在该区块采用"U"型布缝以及非均匀布缝模式。
Hangjinqi block in Ordos Basin is a tight sandstone gas reservoir with low porosity and permeability. To developthis type of reservoir with multi-stage fractured horizontal well is the most effective way. The fracture distribution of multi-cluster staged fracturing for the horizontal well has a significant influence on gas production. In order to get the highest gasproductivity,an unsteady productivity prediction model was proposed in the consideration of fracture interference,thresh-old pressure gradient,and the coupling of flow in both fractures and matrix based on the potential theory and potential su-perposition principle. The gas productivity of both straight fractures and curved fractures can be estimated with the model.In this study,He3 Formation of Jin58 well area in Hangjinqi block was studied. Influence of fracture parameters on the gasproductivity in each stage was discussed with orthoganality design method in conditions of different clusters. The resultsshow that the influence of the fracture parameters on the gas productivity for either three or four cluster fractures in eachstage from strong to weak are as follows:the half length of total fracture,length ratio,fracture conductivity,and the space ra-tio. The"U"pattern and nonuniform fracture pattern are recommended for this block.
Hangjinqi block in Ordos Basin is a tight sandstone gas reservoir with low porosity and permeability. To developthis type of reservoir with multi-stage fractured horizontal well is the most effective way. The fracture distribution of multi-cluster staged fracturing for the horizontal well has a significant influence on gas production. In order to get the highest gasproductivity,an unsteady productivity prediction model was proposed in the consideration of fracture interference,thresh-old pressure gradient,and the coupling of flow in both fractures and matrix based on the potential theory and potential su-perposition principle. The gas productivity of both straight fractures and curved fractures can be estimated with the model.In this study,He3 Formation of Jin58 well area in Hangjinqi block was studied. Influence of fracture parameters on the gasproductivity in each stage was discussed with orthoganality design method in conditions of different clusters. The resultsshow that the influence of the fracture parameters on the gas productivity for either three or four cluster fractures in eachstage from strong to weak are as follows:the half length of total fracture,length ratio,fracture conductivity,and the space ra-tio. The"U"pattern and nonuniform fracture pattern are recommended for this block.
引文
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[10]张子麟,席一凡,李明,等.裂缝性储层中复杂压裂缝网形成过程的数值模拟[J].油气地质与采收率,2018,25(2):109-114.ZHANG Zilin,XI Yifan,LI Ming,et al.Numerical simulation on the formation of complex fracture network in fractured reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2018,25(2):109-114.
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[12]黄亮,宁正福,石军太,等.低渗致密气藏压裂水平井产能预测新方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(2):160-166.HUANG Liang,NING Zhengfu,SHI Juntai,et al.A new method of the productivity prediction for the fractured horizontal wells in low-permeability tight gas reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(2):160-166.
[13]杨正明,杨惟文,王学武.分段压裂水平井非稳态渗流产能分析[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(1):65-69.YANG Zhengming,YANG Weiwen,WANG Xuewu.Productivity analysis of the unsteady-state flow for the multi-stage fractured horizontal well[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(1):65-69.
[14]刘洪平,赵彦超,孟俊,等.压裂水平井产能预测方法研究综述[J].地质科技情报,2015,34(1):131-139.LIU Hongping,ZHAO Yanchao,MENG Jun,et al.A methodologies of predicting the fractured horizontal well production[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2015,34(1):131-139.
[15]位云生,贾爱林,何东博,等.致密气藏多级压裂水平井产能预测新方法[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(6):1 101-1 109.WEI Yunsheng,YA Ailin,HE Dongbo,et al.A new method of predicting productivity of multi-stage fractured horizontal well in tight gas reservoir[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2016,27(6):1 101-1 109.
[16]郎兆新,张丽华,程林松.压裂水平井产能研究[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,1994,18(2):43-46.LANG Zhaoxin,ZHANG Lihua,CHENG Linsong.Investigation on productivity of fractured horizontal well[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:Edition of Natural Science,1994,18(2):43-46.
[17]宁正福,韩树刚,程林松,等.低渗透油气藏压裂水平井产能计算方法[J].石油学报,2002,23(2):68-71.NING Zhengfu,HAN Shugang,CHENG Linsong,et al.Productivity calculation method of fractured horizontal wells in low permeability oil or gas field[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(2):68-71.
[18]韩树刚,程林松,宁正福.气藏压裂水平井产能预测新方法[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2002,26(4):36-39.HAN Shugang,CHENG Linsong,NING Zhengfu.A new method for predicting productivity of fractured horizontal wells in gas reservoir[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:Edition of Natural Science,2002,26(4):36-39.
[19]徐严波,齐桃,杨凤波,等.压裂后水平井产能预测新模型[J].石油学报,2006,27(1):89-92.XU Yanbo,QI Tao,YANG Fengbo,et al.New model for productivity test of horizontal well after hydraulic fracturing[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(1):89-92.
[20]曾凡辉,程小昭,郭建春.裂缝面非均匀流入的低渗透油藏压裂水平井非稳态产量计算[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2016,47(4):1 353-1 358.ZENG Fanhui,CHENG Xiaozhao,GUO Jianchun.Calculation of unsteady productivity of fractured horizontal wells[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2016,47(4):1 353-1 358.
[21]何军,范子菲,赵伦,等.点汇离散法在压裂水平井产能评价中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(1):134-141.HE Jun,FAN Zifei,ZHAO Lun,et al.Application of point sink discretization in the productivity evaluation of fractured horizontal well[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2016,27(1):134-141.
[22]YANG Z Z,YI L P,LI X G,et al.Pseudo-three-dimensional numerical model and investigation of multi-cluster fracturing within a stage in a horizontal well[J].Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2018,162:190-213.
[23]LI X G,YI L P,YANG Z Z.Numerical model and investigation of simultaneous multiple-fracture propagation within a stage in horizontal well[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2017,76(7):273.
[2]ZHAO J Z,PU X,LI Y M,et al.A semi-analytical mathematical model for predicting well performance of a multistage hydraulically fractured horizontal well in naturally fractured tight sandstone gas reservoir[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2016,32:273-291.
[3]张芨强,王雯娟,马帅,等.薄层与厚层油藏水平井产能计算方法[J].油气地质与采收率,2018,25(1):77-81.ZHANG Jiqiang,WANG Wenjuan,MA Shuai,et al.Derivation of productivity formula for horizontal wells in thin and thick reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2018,25(1):77-81.
[4]林旺,范洪富,刘立峰,等.工程参数对致密油藏压裂水平井产能的影响[J].油气地质与采收率,2017,24(6):120-126.LIN Wang,FAN Hongfu,LIU Lifeng,et al.Effect of engineering parameters on fractured horizontal well productivity in tight oil reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2017,24(6):120-126.
[5]郭建春,苟波,任山,等.川西页岩砂岩交互水平井压裂参数优化设计[J].石油学报,2014,35(3):511-518.GUO Jianchun,GOU Bo,REN Shan,et al.Fracturing parameters optimization design for horizontal well with shale and sandstone interbeds in western Sichuan[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2014,35(3):511-518.
[6]陈汾君,汤勇,刘世铎,等.低渗致密气藏水平井分段压裂优化研究[J].特种油气藏,2012,19(6):85-87.CHEN Fenjun,TANG Yong,LIU Shiduo,et al.Study on the optimization of staged fracturing of a horizontal well in a tight gas reservoir with low permeability[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2012,19(6):85-87.
[7]GIGER F M,RESIS L H,JOURDAN A P.The reservoir engineering aspects of horizontal drilling[R].SPE 13024,1984.
[8]SOLIMAN M Y,HUNT J L.Fracturing aspects of horizontal wells[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1990,42(8):66-73.
[9]OZKAN E,AL-KOBAISI M,RAGHAVAN R.A hybrid numerical/analytical model of a finite-conductivity vertical fracture intercepted by a horizontal well[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation Engineering,2006,9(4):345-355.
[10]张子麟,席一凡,李明,等.裂缝性储层中复杂压裂缝网形成过程的数值模拟[J].油气地质与采收率,2018,25(2):109-114.ZHANG Zilin,XI Yifan,LI Ming,et al.Numerical simulation on the formation of complex fracture network in fractured reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2018,25(2):109-114.
[11]刘波涛,李清泉,张福祥,等.致密油藏多级压裂水平裂缝井不稳态产能分析[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(1):138-142.LIU Botao,LI Qingquan,ZHANG Fuxiang,et al.Rate transient analysis of multistage fractured wells with horizontal fractures in tight oil reservoirs[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2014,35(1):138-142.
[12]黄亮,宁正福,石军太,等.低渗致密气藏压裂水平井产能预测新方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(2):160-166.HUANG Liang,NING Zhengfu,SHI Juntai,et al.A new method of the productivity prediction for the fractured horizontal wells in low-permeability tight gas reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(2):160-166.
[13]杨正明,杨惟文,王学武.分段压裂水平井非稳态渗流产能分析[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(1):65-69.YANG Zhengming,YANG Weiwen,WANG Xuewu.Productivity analysis of the unsteady-state flow for the multi-stage fractured horizontal well[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(1):65-69.
[14]刘洪平,赵彦超,孟俊,等.压裂水平井产能预测方法研究综述[J].地质科技情报,2015,34(1):131-139.LIU Hongping,ZHAO Yanchao,MENG Jun,et al.A methodologies of predicting the fractured horizontal well production[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2015,34(1):131-139.
[15]位云生,贾爱林,何东博,等.致密气藏多级压裂水平井产能预测新方法[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(6):1 101-1 109.WEI Yunsheng,YA Ailin,HE Dongbo,et al.A new method of predicting productivity of multi-stage fractured horizontal well in tight gas reservoir[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2016,27(6):1 101-1 109.
[16]郎兆新,张丽华,程林松.压裂水平井产能研究[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,1994,18(2):43-46.LANG Zhaoxin,ZHANG Lihua,CHENG Linsong.Investigation on productivity of fractured horizontal well[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:Edition of Natural Science,1994,18(2):43-46.
[17]宁正福,韩树刚,程林松,等.低渗透油气藏压裂水平井产能计算方法[J].石油学报,2002,23(2):68-71.NING Zhengfu,HAN Shugang,CHENG Linsong,et al.Productivity calculation method of fractured horizontal wells in low permeability oil or gas field[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(2):68-71.
[18]韩树刚,程林松,宁正福.气藏压裂水平井产能预测新方法[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2002,26(4):36-39.HAN Shugang,CHENG Linsong,NING Zhengfu.A new method for predicting productivity of fractured horizontal wells in gas reservoir[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:Edition of Natural Science,2002,26(4):36-39.
[19]徐严波,齐桃,杨凤波,等.压裂后水平井产能预测新模型[J].石油学报,2006,27(1):89-92.XU Yanbo,QI Tao,YANG Fengbo,et al.New model for productivity test of horizontal well after hydraulic fracturing[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(1):89-92.
[20]曾凡辉,程小昭,郭建春.裂缝面非均匀流入的低渗透油藏压裂水平井非稳态产量计算[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2016,47(4):1 353-1 358.ZENG Fanhui,CHENG Xiaozhao,GUO Jianchun.Calculation of unsteady productivity of fractured horizontal wells[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2016,47(4):1 353-1 358.
[21]何军,范子菲,赵伦,等.点汇离散法在压裂水平井产能评价中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(1):134-141.HE Jun,FAN Zifei,ZHAO Lun,et al.Application of point sink discretization in the productivity evaluation of fractured horizontal well[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2016,27(1):134-141.
[22]YANG Z Z,YI L P,LI X G,et al.Pseudo-three-dimensional numerical model and investigation of multi-cluster fracturing within a stage in a horizontal well[J].Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2018,162:190-213.
[23]LI X G,YI L P,YANG Z Z.Numerical model and investigation of simultaneous multiple-fracture propagation within a stage in horizontal well[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2017,76(7):273.
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