CZMIL机载LiDAR测深系统在中国黄海和东海作业能力初步分析
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摘要
机载激光雷达测深系统与传统的舰船海洋声学探测系统相比,具有速度快、覆盖率高、灵活性强等优点。结合中国黄海、东海区域的MODIS产品数据,对当前国际上新型的机载激光雷达测深系统CZMIL的测深性能进行反演分析,旨在为该设备在类似区域的使用提供参考。本文使用中国黄海和东海的水体光学数据,建立了黄海、东海490 nm漫衰减系数与532 nm漫衰减系数之间的经验关系模型。利用2003年MODIS的490 nm漫衰减系数季度平均数据,分析了机载激光雷达系统CZMIL在中国黄海、东海海域的作业能力。结果表明:(1) CZMIL的测深能力受气象条件的影响,主要原因是水体的光学特性在不同的季节呈现不同的特征;(2)CZMIL在中国黄海和东海海域较适宜在夏季进行测量,其测深范围小于75 m。
Compared with traditional ocean acoustic detection system,airborne LiDAR sounding system has the advantages of high speed,high coverage and strong flexibility. The inversion analysis of the depth measurement performance of the current international airborne LiDAR sounding system( CZMIL),which also combined MODIS product data,was aimed to provide reference for the use of the equipment in similar areas. According to the Water Optics data measured in the Yellow,East China coastal area,the empirical relationship model between the 490 nm diffuse attenuation coefficient and the 532 nm diffuse attenuation coefficient was built in the corresponding sea area. The measuring ability of the advanced airborne hydrographic LiDAR system was analyzed in the Yellow,East China coastal area based on the quarterly average data of the MODIS 490 nm diffuse attenuation coefficient in 2003. The results showed that:( 1) the sounding ability of CZMIL was influenced by meteorological conditions,and the main reason was that the optical characteristics of the water body presented different characteristics in different seasons;( 2) the summer was the best season for the depth measuring of the airborne hydrographic LiDAR system in the Yellow,East China coastal area,and the range of the depth measuring was within 75 meters.
Compared with traditional ocean acoustic detection system,airborne LiDAR sounding system has the advantages of high speed,high coverage and strong flexibility. The inversion analysis of the depth measurement performance of the current international airborne LiDAR sounding system( CZMIL),which also combined MODIS product data,was aimed to provide reference for the use of the equipment in similar areas. According to the Water Optics data measured in the Yellow,East China coastal area,the empirical relationship model between the 490 nm diffuse attenuation coefficient and the 532 nm diffuse attenuation coefficient was built in the corresponding sea area. The measuring ability of the advanced airborne hydrographic LiDAR system was analyzed in the Yellow,East China coastal area based on the quarterly average data of the MODIS 490 nm diffuse attenuation coefficient in 2003. The results showed that:( 1) the sounding ability of CZMIL was influenced by meteorological conditions,and the main reason was that the optical characteristics of the water body presented different characteristics in different seasons;( 2) the summer was the best season for the depth measuring of the airborne hydrographic LiDAR system in the Yellow,East China coastal area,and the range of the depth measuring was within 75 meters.
引文
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[12] LEE Z P,DU K P,ARNONE R. A model for the diffuse attenuation coefficient of downwelling irradiance[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans(1978—2012),2005:110(C2).
[13] WANG M,SON S H,HARDING L W. Retrieval of diffuse attenuation coefficient in the Chesapeake Bay and turbid ocean regions for satellite ocean color applications[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans(1978—2012),2009:114(C10).
[14] FARGION G S,MUELLER J L. Ocean optics protocols for satellite ocean color sensor validation[M]. 2nd.Greenbelt,Maryland:National Aeronautics and Space Administration,Goddard Space Flight Center,2000.
[15]唐军武,田国良,汪小勇,等.水体光谱测量与分析:水面以上测量法[J].遥感学报,2004,8(1):37-43.TANG J W,TIAN G L,WANG X Y,et al. The methods of water spectra measurement and analysis:Above-water method[J]. Journal of Remote Sensing,2004,8(1):37-43.
[16] TELEDYNE OPTECH,INC. Airborne bathymetric lidar summary specification sheet[EB/OL].(2014-08-14)[2018-04-25]. http://www. teledyneoptech. com/wpcontent/uploads/CZMIL-Specsheet-140814-WEB. pdf
[17] FEYGELS V I,PARK J Y,WOZENCRAFT J,et al.CZMIL(coastal zone mappingand imaging li DAR):From first flights to first mission through system validation[J]. Ocean Sensing&Monitoring V,2013,8724(5):87240A.
[18]王晓梅,唐军武,丁静,等.黄海、东海二类水体漫衰减系数与透明度反演模式研究.海洋学报,2005,25(5):38-45.WANG X M,TANG J W,DING J,et al. The retrieval algorithms of diffuse attenuation and transparency for the Case-Ⅱwaters of the Huanghai Sea and the East China Sea[J]. Acat Oceanologica Sinica,2005,25(5):38-45.
[19]吴婷婷,丘仲锋,何宜军,等.黄东海及珠江口附近海域水体漫衰减系数反演[J].光学学报,2013,33(7):1-9.WU T T,QIU Z F,HE Y J,et al. Retrieval algorithms of diffuse attenuation coefficients in the Yellow Sea,the East China Sea and the Pearl River Estuary[J]. Acat Optica Sinica,2013,33(7):1-9.
[2]翟国君,黄谟涛.我国海洋测绘发展历程[J].海洋测绘,2009,29(4):74-81.ZHAI G J,HUANG M T. The development history of airborne laser bathymetry[J]. Hydrographic Surveying and Charting,2009,29(4):74-81.
[3]任来平,赵俊生,翟国君,等.机载激光测深海面扫描轨迹计算与分析[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2002,27(2):138-142.REN L P,ZHAO J S,ZHAI G J,et al. Calculation and analysis of sea surface scanning trajectory for airborne laser airborne[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2002,27(2):138-142.
[4]徐启阳,杨坤涛,王新兵,等.蓝绿激光雷达海深探测[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2007.XU Q Y,YANG K T,WANG X B,et al. Sea depth detection of blue green laser radar[M]. Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2007.
[5]欧阳永忠,黄谟涛,翟国君,等.机载激光测深中的深度归算技术[J].海洋测绘,2003,23(1):1-4.OUYANG Y Z,HUANG M T,ZHAI G J,et al. Depth conversion technology in airborne laser sounding[J].Hydrographic Surveying and Charting,2003,23(1):1-4.
[6]叶修松.机载激光水深探测技术基础及数据处理方法研究[D].郑州:解放军信息工程大学,2010.YE X S. Research on principle and data processing methods of airborne laser bathymetric technique[D].Zhengzhou:Information Engineering University,2010.
[7] CHIKUEI W,WILLIAM P. Using airborne bathymetric lidar to detect bottom type variation in shallow waters[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment,2007,106:123-135.
[8]刘永明,邓孺孺,秦雁,等.机载激光雷达测深数据处理与应用[J].遥感学报,2017,6:982-995.LIU Y M,DENG R R,QIN Y,et al. Data processing methods and applications of airborne Li DAR bathymetry[J]. Journal of Remote Sensing,2017,6:982-995.
[9] WOZENCRAFT J M. Requirements for the coastal zone mapping and imaging LIDAR(CZMIL)[C]//Algorithms and technologies for multispectral,hyperspectral,and ultraspectral imagery XVI. Orlahdo,Florida,USA:international society for optics and photonics,2010,7695:76950Q.
[10] TUELL G,BARBOR K,WOZENCRAFT J. Overview of the coastal zone mapping and imaging lidar(CZMIL):a new multisensor airborne mapping system for the US Army Corps of Engineers[C]//Algorithms and technologies for multispectral,hyperspectral,and ultraspectral imagery XVI. Orlahdo,Florida,USA:International society for optics and photonics,2010,7695:76950R.
[11] LEE Z P,CARDER K L,ARNONE R A. Deriving inherent optical properties from water color:A multiband quasi-analytical algorithm for optically deep waters[J]. Applied Optics,2002,41(27):5755-5772.
[12] LEE Z P,DU K P,ARNONE R. A model for the diffuse attenuation coefficient of downwelling irradiance[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans(1978—2012),2005:110(C2).
[13] WANG M,SON S H,HARDING L W. Retrieval of diffuse attenuation coefficient in the Chesapeake Bay and turbid ocean regions for satellite ocean color applications[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans(1978—2012),2009:114(C10).
[14] FARGION G S,MUELLER J L. Ocean optics protocols for satellite ocean color sensor validation[M]. 2nd.Greenbelt,Maryland:National Aeronautics and Space Administration,Goddard Space Flight Center,2000.
[15]唐军武,田国良,汪小勇,等.水体光谱测量与分析:水面以上测量法[J].遥感学报,2004,8(1):37-43.TANG J W,TIAN G L,WANG X Y,et al. The methods of water spectra measurement and analysis:Above-water method[J]. Journal of Remote Sensing,2004,8(1):37-43.
[16] TELEDYNE OPTECH,INC. Airborne bathymetric lidar summary specification sheet[EB/OL].(2014-08-14)[2018-04-25]. http://www. teledyneoptech. com/wpcontent/uploads/CZMIL-Specsheet-140814-WEB. pdf
[17] FEYGELS V I,PARK J Y,WOZENCRAFT J,et al.CZMIL(coastal zone mappingand imaging li DAR):From first flights to first mission through system validation[J]. Ocean Sensing&Monitoring V,2013,8724(5):87240A.
[18]王晓梅,唐军武,丁静,等.黄海、东海二类水体漫衰减系数与透明度反演模式研究.海洋学报,2005,25(5):38-45.WANG X M,TANG J W,DING J,et al. The retrieval algorithms of diffuse attenuation and transparency for the Case-Ⅱwaters of the Huanghai Sea and the East China Sea[J]. Acat Oceanologica Sinica,2005,25(5):38-45.
[19]吴婷婷,丘仲锋,何宜军,等.黄东海及珠江口附近海域水体漫衰减系数反演[J].光学学报,2013,33(7):1-9.WU T T,QIU Z F,HE Y J,et al. Retrieval algorithms of diffuse attenuation coefficients in the Yellow Sea,the East China Sea and the Pearl River Estuary[J]. Acat Optica Sinica,2013,33(7):1-9.
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