Crustal thicknesses and Poisson's ratios beneath the Chuxiong-Simao Basin in the Southeast Margin of the Tibetan Plateau
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摘要
In the Southeast Margin of the Tibetan Plateau, low-velocity sedimentary layers that would significantly affect the accuracy of the H-κ stacking of receiver functions are widely distributed.In this study, we use teleseismic waveform data of 475 events from 97 temporary broadband seismometers deployed by ChinArray Phase I to obtain crustal thicknesses and Poisson's ratios within the Chuxiong-Simao Basin and adjacent area, employing an improved method in which the receiver functions are processed through a resonance-removal filter, and the H-κ stacking is time-corrected.Results show that the crustal thickness ranges from 30 to 55 km in the study area, reaching its thickest value in the northwest and thinning toward southwest, southeast and northeast.The apparent variation of crustal thickness around the Red River Fault supports the view of southeastern escape of the Tibetan Plateau.Relatively thin crustal thickness in the zone between Chuxiong City and the Red River Fault indicates possible uplift of mantle in this area.The positive correlation between crustal thickness and Poisson's ratio is likely to be related to lower crust thickening.Comparison of results obtained from different methods shows that the improved method used in our study can effectively remove the reverberation effect of sedimentary layers.
In the Southeast Margin of the Tibetan Plateau, low-velocity sedimentary layers that would significantly affect the accuracy of the H-κ stacking of receiver functions are widely distributed.In this study, we use teleseismic waveform data of 475 events from 97 temporary broadband seismometers deployed by ChinArray Phase I to obtain crustal thicknesses and Poisson's ratios within the Chuxiong-Simao Basin and adjacent area, employing an improved method in which the receiver functions are processed through a resonance-removal filter, and the H-κ stacking is time-corrected.Results show that the crustal thickness ranges from 30 to 55 km in the study area, reaching its thickest value in the northwest and thinning toward southwest, southeast and northeast.The apparent variation of crustal thickness around the Red River Fault supports the view of southeastern escape of the Tibetan Plateau.Relatively thin crustal thickness in the zone between Chuxiong City and the Red River Fault indicates possible uplift of mantle in this area.The positive correlation between crustal thickness and Poisson's ratio is likely to be related to lower crust thickening.Comparison of results obtained from different methods shows that the improved method used in our study can effectively remove the reverberation effect of sedimentary layers.
In the Southeast Margin of the Tibetan Plateau, low-velocity sedimentary layers that would significantly affect the accuracy of the H-κ stacking of receiver functions are widely distributed.In this study, we use teleseismic waveform data of 475 events from 97 temporary broadband seismometers deployed by ChinArray Phase I to obtain crustal thicknesses and Poisson's ratios within the Chuxiong-Simao Basin and adjacent area, employing an improved method in which the receiver functions are processed through a resonance-removal filter, and the H-κ stacking is time-corrected.Results show that the crustal thickness ranges from 30 to 55 km in the study area, reaching its thickest value in the northwest and thinning toward southwest, southeast and northeast.The apparent variation of crustal thickness around the Red River Fault supports the view of southeastern escape of the Tibetan Plateau.Relatively thin crustal thickness in the zone between Chuxiong City and the Red River Fault indicates possible uplift of mantle in this area.The positive correlation between crustal thickness and Poisson's ratio is likely to be related to lower crust thickening.Comparison of results obtained from different methods shows that the improved method used in our study can effectively remove the reverberation effect of sedimentary layers.
引文
Ammon,C.J.(1991).The isolation of receiver effects from teleseismic Pwaveforms.Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.,81,2504-2510.
Bai,D.H.,Unsworth,M.J.,Meju,M.A.,Ma,X.B.,Teng,J.W.,Kong,X.R.,Sun,Y.,Sun,J.,Wang,L.F.,...Liu,M.(2010).Crustal deformation of the eastern Tibetan plateau revealed by magnetotelluric imaging.Nat.Geosci.,3(5),358-362.https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo830
Cassidy,J.F.(1992).Numerical experiments in broadband receiver function analysis.Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.,82(3),1453-1474.
Cassidy,J.F.(1995).A comparison of the receiver structure beneath stations of the Canadian National Seismograph Network.Can.J.Earth Sci.,32(7),938-951.https://doi.org/10.1139/e95-079
Cui,Z.Z.,Lu,D.Y.,Chen,J.P.,Zhang,Z.Y.,and Huang,L.Y.(1987).The deep structural and tectonic features of the crust in Panxi area.Acta Geophys.Sin.,30(6),566-580.
Deng,J.M.,Jin,M.P.,Zhao,J.B.,Gao,Q.,and Chen,J.(2014).Tectonic implications from the distribution map of the crust thickness and Poisson’s ratio in the Yunnan area.Earthq.Res.China,30(4),583-596.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-4683.2014.04.011
Deng,Q.D.,Zhang,P.Z.,Ran,Y.K.,Yang,X.P.,Min,W.,and Chen,L.C.(2003).Active tectonics and earthquake activities in China.Earth Sci.Front.,10(S1),66-73.https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2003.z1.012
Fu,Y.V.,Gao,Y.,Li,A.B.,Li,L.,and Chen,A.G.(2017).Lithospheric structure of the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau from Rayleigh wavetomography.J.Geophys.Res.Solid Earth,122(6),4631-4644.https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JB013096
Hansen,S.M.,and Schmandt,B.(2017).P and S wave receiver function imaging of subduction with scattering kernels.Geochem.,Geophys.,Geosys.,18(12),4487-4502.https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GC007120
He,C.S.,Wang,C.Y.,and Wu,J.P.(2004).S-wave velocity structure inferred from re-ceiver function inversion in Tengchong volcanic area.Acta Seismol.Sin.,17(1),12-19.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03191390
He,R.Z.,Shang,X.F.,Yu,C.Q.,Zhang,H.J.,and Van der Hilst,R.D.(2014).Aunified map of Moho depth and Vp/Vs ratio of continental China by receiver function analysis.Geophys.J.Int.,199(3),1910-1918.https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggu365
Hu,J.F.,Su,Y.J.,Zhu,X.G.,and Chen,Y.(2005).S-wave velocity and Poisson’s ratio structure of crust in Yunnan and its implication.Sci.China Ser.D:Earth Sci.,48(2),210-218.https://doi.org/10.1360/03yd0062
Ji,S.C.,Wang,Q.,and Salisbury,M.H.(2009).Composition and tectonic evolution of the Chinese continental crust constrained by Poisson's ratio.Tectonophysics,463(1-4),15-30.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2008.09.007
Jordan,T.H.,and Frazer,L.N.(1975).Crustal and upper mantle structure from Sp phases.J.Geophys.Res.,80(11),1504-1518.https://doi.org/10.1029/JB080i011p01504
Kan,R.J.,Hu,H.X.,Zeng,R.S.,Mooney,W.D.,and McEvilly,T.V.(1986).Crustal structure of Yunnan Province,People's Republic of China,from seismic refraction profiles.Science,234(4775),433-437.https://doi.org/10.1126/science.234.4775.433
Kosarev,G.,Kind,R.,Sobolev,S.V.,Yuan,X.,Hanka,W.,and Oreshin,S.(1999).Seismic evidence for a detached Indian lithospheric mantle beneath Tibet.Science,283(5406),1306-1309.https://doi.org/10.1126/science.283.5406.1306
Langston,C.A.(1977).Corvallis,Oregon,crustal and upper mantle receiver structure from teleseismic P and S waves.Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.,67(3),713-724.
Langston,C.A.(1981).Evidence for the subducting lithosphere under southern Vancouver Island and western Oregon from teleseismic P wave conversions.J.Geophys.Res.:Solid Earth,86(B5),3857-3866.https://doi.org/10.1029/JB086iB05p03857
Li,R.,Tang,J.,Dong,Z.Y.,Xiao,Q.B.,and Zhan,Y.(2014).Deep electrical conductivity structure of the southern area in Yunnan Province.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),57(4),1111-1122.https://doi.org/10.6038/cjg20140409
Li,Y.H.,Wu,Q.J.,Zhang,R.Q.,Tian,X.B.,and Zeng,R.S.(2008).The crust and upper mantle structure beneath Yunnan from joint inversion of receiver functions and Rayleigh wave dispersion data.Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,170(1-2),134-146.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2008.08.006
Li,Y.H.,Wu,Q.J.,Tian,X.B.,Zhang,R.Q.,Pan,J.T.,and Zeng,R.S.(2009).Crustal structure in the Yunnan region determined by modeling receiver functions.Chinese J.Geophys.,52(1),67-80.
Li,Y.H.,Gao,M.T.,and Wu,Q.J.(2014).Crustal thickness map of the Chinese mainland from teleseismic receiver functions.Tectonophysics,611,51-60.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2013.11.019
Liu,Q.Y.,Van Der Hilst,R.D.,Li,Y.,Yao,H.J.,Chen,J.H.,Guo,B.,Qi,S.H.,Wang,J.,Huang,H.,and Li,S.C.(2014).Eastward expansion of the Tibetan Plateau by crustal flow and strain partitioning across faults.Nat.Geosci.,7(5),361-365.https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2130
Phinney,R.A.(1964).Structure of the Earth’s crust from spectral behavior of long-period body waves.J.Geophys.Res.,69(14),2997-3017.https://doi.org/10.1029/JZ069i014p02997
Sheehan,A.F.,Abers,G.A.,Jones,C.H.,and Lerner‐Lam,A.L.(1995).Crustal thickness variations across the Colorado Rocky Mountains from teleseismic receiver functions.J.Geophys.Res.:Solid Earth,100(B10),20391-20404.https://doi.org/10.1029/95JB01966
Vinnik,L.P.(1977).Detection of waves converted from P to SV in the mantle.Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,15(1),39-45.https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(77)90008-5
Wang,C.Y.,and Gang,H.F.(2004).Crustal structure in Tengchong volcanogeothermal area,western Yunnan,China.Tectonophysics,380(1-2),69-87.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2003.12.001
Wang,C.Y.,Lou,H.,Lü,Z.Y.,Wu,J.P.,Chang,L.J.,Dai,S.G.,You,H.C.,Tang,F.T.,Zhu,L.P.,and Silver,P.(2008).S-wave crustal and upper mantle’s velocity structure in the eastern Tibetan Plateau-Deep environment of lower crustal flow.Sci.China Ser.D:Earth Sci.,51(2),263-274.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-008-0008-5
Wang,Q.,and Gao,Y.(2014).Rayleigh wave phase velocity tomography and strong earthquake activity on the southeastern front of the Tibetan Plateau.Sci.China Earth Sci.,57(10),2532-2542.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-014-4908-2
Wang,W.L.,Wu,J.P.,Fang,L.H.,Lai,G.J.,and Cai,Y.(2017).Crustal thickness and Poisson's ratio in southwest China based on data from dense seismic arrays.J.Geophys.Res.:Solid Earth,122(9),7219-7235.https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JB013978
Wen,X.Z.,Ma,S.L.,Xu,X.W.,and He,Y.N.(2008).Historical pattern and behavior of earthquake ruptures along the eastern boundary of the Sichuan-Yunnan faulted-block,southwestern China.Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,168(1-2),16-36.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2008.04.013
Wu,J.P.,Ming,Y.H.,and Wang,C.Y.(2001).S wave velocity structure beneath digital seismic stations of Yunnan province inferred from teleseismic receiver function modeling.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),44(2),223-232.https://doi.org/10.1002/cjg2.135
Xiong,S.B.,Zheng,Y.,Yin,Z.X.,Zeng,X.X.,Quan,Y.L.,and Sun,K.Z.(1993).The 2-D structure and it’s tectonic implications of the crust in the LijiangPan-Zhihua-Zhehai area.Chinese J.Geophys.,36(4),434-444.
Xu,M.J.,Wang,L.S.,Liu,J.H.,Zhong,K.,Li,H.,Hu,D.Z.,and Xu,Z.(2006).Crust and uppermost mantle structure of the Ailaoshan-Red River fault from receiver function analysis.Sci.China Ser.D:Earth Sci.,49(10),1043-1052.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-006-1043-8
Yeck,W.L.,Sheehan,A.F.,Anderson,M.L.,Erslev,E.A.,Miller,K.C.,and Siddoway,C.S.(2014).Structure of the Bighorn Mountain region,Wyoming,from teleseismic receiver function analysis:Implications for the kinematics of Laramide shortening.J.Geophys.Res.:Solid Earth,119(9),7028-7042.https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JB010769
Yu,Y.Q.,Song,J.G.,Liu,K.H.,and Gao,S.S.(2015).Determining crustal structure beneath seismic stations overlying a low-velocity sedimentary layer using receiver functions.J.Geophys.Res.:Solid Earth,120(5),3208-3218.https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011610
Zelt,B.C.,and Ellis,R.M.(1999).Receiver-function studies in the Trans-Hudson orogen,Saskatchewan.Can.J.Earth Sci.,36(4),585-603.https://doi.org/10.1139/e98-109
Zhang,H.S.,Tian,X.B.,and Teng,J.W.(2009).Estimation of the crustal Vp/Vs Ratio with dipping Moho from receiver functions.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),52(3),585-595.https://doi.org/10.1002/cjg2.1380
Zhang,X.,and Wang,Y.H.(2009).Crustal and upper mantle velocity structure in Yunnan,Southwest China.Tectonophysics,471(3-4),171-185.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2009.02.009
Zhang,X.M.,Hu,J.F.,Hu,Y.L.,Yang,H.Y.,Chen,J.,Peng,H.C.,and Wen,L.M.(2011).The S-wave velocity structure in the crust and upper mantle as well as the tectonic setting of strong earthquake beneath Yunnan region.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),54(5),1222-1232.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.05.011
Zhu,L.P.,and Kanamori,H.(2000).Moho depth variation in southern California from teleseismic receiver functions.J.Geophys.Res.:Solid Earth,105(B2),2969-2980.https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JB900322
Zhang,Z.J.,Bai,Z.M.,Wang,C.Y.,Teng,J.W.,Lü,Q.T.,Li,J.L.,Liu,Y.F.and Liu,Z.K.(2005).The crustal structure under Sanjiang and its dynamic implications:Revealed by seismic reflection/refraction profile between Zhefang and Binchuan,Yunnan.Sci.China Earth Sci.,48(9),1329-1336.https://doi.org/10.1360/01YD0567
Bai,D.H.,Unsworth,M.J.,Meju,M.A.,Ma,X.B.,Teng,J.W.,Kong,X.R.,Sun,Y.,Sun,J.,Wang,L.F.,...Liu,M.(2010).Crustal deformation of the eastern Tibetan plateau revealed by magnetotelluric imaging.Nat.Geosci.,3(5),358-362.https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo830
Cassidy,J.F.(1992).Numerical experiments in broadband receiver function analysis.Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.,82(3),1453-1474.
Cassidy,J.F.(1995).A comparison of the receiver structure beneath stations of the Canadian National Seismograph Network.Can.J.Earth Sci.,32(7),938-951.https://doi.org/10.1139/e95-079
Cui,Z.Z.,Lu,D.Y.,Chen,J.P.,Zhang,Z.Y.,and Huang,L.Y.(1987).The deep structural and tectonic features of the crust in Panxi area.Acta Geophys.Sin.,30(6),566-580.
Deng,J.M.,Jin,M.P.,Zhao,J.B.,Gao,Q.,and Chen,J.(2014).Tectonic implications from the distribution map of the crust thickness and Poisson’s ratio in the Yunnan area.Earthq.Res.China,30(4),583-596.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-4683.2014.04.011
Deng,Q.D.,Zhang,P.Z.,Ran,Y.K.,Yang,X.P.,Min,W.,and Chen,L.C.(2003).Active tectonics and earthquake activities in China.Earth Sci.Front.,10(S1),66-73.https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2003.z1.012
Fu,Y.V.,Gao,Y.,Li,A.B.,Li,L.,and Chen,A.G.(2017).Lithospheric structure of the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau from Rayleigh wavetomography.J.Geophys.Res.Solid Earth,122(6),4631-4644.https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JB013096
Hansen,S.M.,and Schmandt,B.(2017).P and S wave receiver function imaging of subduction with scattering kernels.Geochem.,Geophys.,Geosys.,18(12),4487-4502.https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GC007120
He,C.S.,Wang,C.Y.,and Wu,J.P.(2004).S-wave velocity structure inferred from re-ceiver function inversion in Tengchong volcanic area.Acta Seismol.Sin.,17(1),12-19.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03191390
He,R.Z.,Shang,X.F.,Yu,C.Q.,Zhang,H.J.,and Van der Hilst,R.D.(2014).Aunified map of Moho depth and Vp/Vs ratio of continental China by receiver function analysis.Geophys.J.Int.,199(3),1910-1918.https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggu365
Hu,J.F.,Su,Y.J.,Zhu,X.G.,and Chen,Y.(2005).S-wave velocity and Poisson’s ratio structure of crust in Yunnan and its implication.Sci.China Ser.D:Earth Sci.,48(2),210-218.https://doi.org/10.1360/03yd0062
Ji,S.C.,Wang,Q.,and Salisbury,M.H.(2009).Composition and tectonic evolution of the Chinese continental crust constrained by Poisson's ratio.Tectonophysics,463(1-4),15-30.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2008.09.007
Jordan,T.H.,and Frazer,L.N.(1975).Crustal and upper mantle structure from Sp phases.J.Geophys.Res.,80(11),1504-1518.https://doi.org/10.1029/JB080i011p01504
Kan,R.J.,Hu,H.X.,Zeng,R.S.,Mooney,W.D.,and McEvilly,T.V.(1986).Crustal structure of Yunnan Province,People's Republic of China,from seismic refraction profiles.Science,234(4775),433-437.https://doi.org/10.1126/science.234.4775.433
Kosarev,G.,Kind,R.,Sobolev,S.V.,Yuan,X.,Hanka,W.,and Oreshin,S.(1999).Seismic evidence for a detached Indian lithospheric mantle beneath Tibet.Science,283(5406),1306-1309.https://doi.org/10.1126/science.283.5406.1306
Langston,C.A.(1977).Corvallis,Oregon,crustal and upper mantle receiver structure from teleseismic P and S waves.Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.,67(3),713-724.
Langston,C.A.(1981).Evidence for the subducting lithosphere under southern Vancouver Island and western Oregon from teleseismic P wave conversions.J.Geophys.Res.:Solid Earth,86(B5),3857-3866.https://doi.org/10.1029/JB086iB05p03857
Li,R.,Tang,J.,Dong,Z.Y.,Xiao,Q.B.,and Zhan,Y.(2014).Deep electrical conductivity structure of the southern area in Yunnan Province.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),57(4),1111-1122.https://doi.org/10.6038/cjg20140409
Li,Y.H.,Wu,Q.J.,Zhang,R.Q.,Tian,X.B.,and Zeng,R.S.(2008).The crust and upper mantle structure beneath Yunnan from joint inversion of receiver functions and Rayleigh wave dispersion data.Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,170(1-2),134-146.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2008.08.006
Li,Y.H.,Wu,Q.J.,Tian,X.B.,Zhang,R.Q.,Pan,J.T.,and Zeng,R.S.(2009).Crustal structure in the Yunnan region determined by modeling receiver functions.Chinese J.Geophys.,52(1),67-80.
Li,Y.H.,Gao,M.T.,and Wu,Q.J.(2014).Crustal thickness map of the Chinese mainland from teleseismic receiver functions.Tectonophysics,611,51-60.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2013.11.019
Liu,Q.Y.,Van Der Hilst,R.D.,Li,Y.,Yao,H.J.,Chen,J.H.,Guo,B.,Qi,S.H.,Wang,J.,Huang,H.,and Li,S.C.(2014).Eastward expansion of the Tibetan Plateau by crustal flow and strain partitioning across faults.Nat.Geosci.,7(5),361-365.https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2130
Phinney,R.A.(1964).Structure of the Earth’s crust from spectral behavior of long-period body waves.J.Geophys.Res.,69(14),2997-3017.https://doi.org/10.1029/JZ069i014p02997
Sheehan,A.F.,Abers,G.A.,Jones,C.H.,and Lerner‐Lam,A.L.(1995).Crustal thickness variations across the Colorado Rocky Mountains from teleseismic receiver functions.J.Geophys.Res.:Solid Earth,100(B10),20391-20404.https://doi.org/10.1029/95JB01966
Vinnik,L.P.(1977).Detection of waves converted from P to SV in the mantle.Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,15(1),39-45.https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(77)90008-5
Wang,C.Y.,and Gang,H.F.(2004).Crustal structure in Tengchong volcanogeothermal area,western Yunnan,China.Tectonophysics,380(1-2),69-87.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2003.12.001
Wang,C.Y.,Lou,H.,Lü,Z.Y.,Wu,J.P.,Chang,L.J.,Dai,S.G.,You,H.C.,Tang,F.T.,Zhu,L.P.,and Silver,P.(2008).S-wave crustal and upper mantle’s velocity structure in the eastern Tibetan Plateau-Deep environment of lower crustal flow.Sci.China Ser.D:Earth Sci.,51(2),263-274.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-008-0008-5
Wang,Q.,and Gao,Y.(2014).Rayleigh wave phase velocity tomography and strong earthquake activity on the southeastern front of the Tibetan Plateau.Sci.China Earth Sci.,57(10),2532-2542.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-014-4908-2
Wang,W.L.,Wu,J.P.,Fang,L.H.,Lai,G.J.,and Cai,Y.(2017).Crustal thickness and Poisson's ratio in southwest China based on data from dense seismic arrays.J.Geophys.Res.:Solid Earth,122(9),7219-7235.https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JB013978
Wen,X.Z.,Ma,S.L.,Xu,X.W.,and He,Y.N.(2008).Historical pattern and behavior of earthquake ruptures along the eastern boundary of the Sichuan-Yunnan faulted-block,southwestern China.Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,168(1-2),16-36.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2008.04.013
Wu,J.P.,Ming,Y.H.,and Wang,C.Y.(2001).S wave velocity structure beneath digital seismic stations of Yunnan province inferred from teleseismic receiver function modeling.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),44(2),223-232.https://doi.org/10.1002/cjg2.135
Xiong,S.B.,Zheng,Y.,Yin,Z.X.,Zeng,X.X.,Quan,Y.L.,and Sun,K.Z.(1993).The 2-D structure and it’s tectonic implications of the crust in the LijiangPan-Zhihua-Zhehai area.Chinese J.Geophys.,36(4),434-444.
Xu,M.J.,Wang,L.S.,Liu,J.H.,Zhong,K.,Li,H.,Hu,D.Z.,and Xu,Z.(2006).Crust and uppermost mantle structure of the Ailaoshan-Red River fault from receiver function analysis.Sci.China Ser.D:Earth Sci.,49(10),1043-1052.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-006-1043-8
Yeck,W.L.,Sheehan,A.F.,Anderson,M.L.,Erslev,E.A.,Miller,K.C.,and Siddoway,C.S.(2014).Structure of the Bighorn Mountain region,Wyoming,from teleseismic receiver function analysis:Implications for the kinematics of Laramide shortening.J.Geophys.Res.:Solid Earth,119(9),7028-7042.https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JB010769
Yu,Y.Q.,Song,J.G.,Liu,K.H.,and Gao,S.S.(2015).Determining crustal structure beneath seismic stations overlying a low-velocity sedimentary layer using receiver functions.J.Geophys.Res.:Solid Earth,120(5),3208-3218.https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011610
Zelt,B.C.,and Ellis,R.M.(1999).Receiver-function studies in the Trans-Hudson orogen,Saskatchewan.Can.J.Earth Sci.,36(4),585-603.https://doi.org/10.1139/e98-109
Zhang,H.S.,Tian,X.B.,and Teng,J.W.(2009).Estimation of the crustal Vp/Vs Ratio with dipping Moho from receiver functions.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),52(3),585-595.https://doi.org/10.1002/cjg2.1380
Zhang,X.,and Wang,Y.H.(2009).Crustal and upper mantle velocity structure in Yunnan,Southwest China.Tectonophysics,471(3-4),171-185.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2009.02.009
Zhang,X.M.,Hu,J.F.,Hu,Y.L.,Yang,H.Y.,Chen,J.,Peng,H.C.,and Wen,L.M.(2011).The S-wave velocity structure in the crust and upper mantle as well as the tectonic setting of strong earthquake beneath Yunnan region.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),54(5),1222-1232.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.05.011
Zhu,L.P.,and Kanamori,H.(2000).Moho depth variation in southern California from teleseismic receiver functions.J.Geophys.Res.:Solid Earth,105(B2),2969-2980.https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JB900322
Zhang,Z.J.,Bai,Z.M.,Wang,C.Y.,Teng,J.W.,Lü,Q.T.,Li,J.L.,Liu,Y.F.and Liu,Z.K.(2005).The crustal structure under Sanjiang and its dynamic implications:Revealed by seismic reflection/refraction profile between Zhefang and Binchuan,Yunnan.Sci.China Earth Sci.,48(9),1329-1336.https://doi.org/10.1360/01YD0567
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