西藏冈底斯北带首例主碰撞造山期铜矿——林周县程巴矽卡岩型铜矿床地质特征、辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄及成矿意义
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摘要
通过近十年的地质勘查,在冈底斯北带多座具有经济价值的矿床得到开发利用,该带已经成为西藏地区矿床勘查与研究的又一热点地区。程巴铜矿是冈底斯北带近年来新发现的唯一一例中-大型规模的富铜矿床。矿床为典型的富含石榴子石的矽卡岩型矿床,铜矿体主要呈似层状、脉状产于林布宗组角岩和多底沟组大理岩的层间构造带内,矿石中富铜,伴生钼、锌、金、银、铋。本文在矿床成矿地质背景和矿床地质特征研究的基础上,用Re-Os同位素方法测试辉钼矿,获得等时线年龄为58.49±0.43 Ma(MSWD=0.61),模式年龄加权平均为58.49±0.33Ma(MSWD=0.25),确定程巴铜矿是主碰撞期成矿作用的产物,程巴铜矿的发现证明在冈底斯成矿带主碰撞造山过程能够形成铜矿床。因此,主碰撞成矿阶段由深变浅的矿床组合模型应在前人研究的基础上修改为矽卡岩型Cu(Mo)矿+矽卡岩型Fe-Pb-Zn-Mo(Cu)矿+斑岩型Mo(W)矿。此外,辉钼矿中Re含量介于84.6×10~(-6)～461.3×10~(-6)之间,平均值为252×10~(-6),暗示程巴矿区物源具有壳幔混合的特征。
Through nearly ten years of geological exploration,several ore deposits with high economic values in the northern Gangdese have been developed and utilized;therefore,this belt has become another hot spot of geological exploration and research in Tibet.The Chengba deposit is the only medium-large sized Curich deposit newly discovered in the northern Gangdese belt.It is typical of a skarn depositswhich consists mainly of garnets.Cu-bearing orebodies at the Chengba deposit occur in interlayers between the Linbuzong Formation hornfels and Duodigou Formation marble as strata or veins,accompanied with secondary Mo,Zn,Au,Ag and Bi.On the basis of the geological background and geological characteristic of ore deposit,Re-Os dating of molybdenite yields a model age of 58.2～58.8 Ma and an isochron age of 58.49±0.43 Ma(MSWD=0.61),determining that the Chengba Cu deposit is the product of mineralization in the main collision stage.The discovery of the Chengga copper deposit confirms that copper deposits can be formed from main collisional process of the Gangdese metallgoenic belt.Therefore,the composite model of the deposits in the main collision stage should be modified into the skarn Cu(Mo)+skarn Fe-Pb-Zn-Mo(Cu)+porphyry Mo(W)from the previous study ones.In addition,Re contents of molybdenite range between 84.6×10~(-6) and 461.3×10~(-6)(ave.252×10~(-6)),indicating that the ore-forming materials of the Chengba Cu deposit are characterized by mixing of the crust and mantle.
Through nearly ten years of geological exploration,several ore deposits with high economic values in the northern Gangdese have been developed and utilized;therefore,this belt has become another hot spot of geological exploration and research in Tibet.The Chengba deposit is the only medium-large sized Curich deposit newly discovered in the northern Gangdese belt.It is typical of a skarn depositswhich consists mainly of garnets.Cu-bearing orebodies at the Chengba deposit occur in interlayers between the Linbuzong Formation hornfels and Duodigou Formation marble as strata or veins,accompanied with secondary Mo,Zn,Au,Ag and Bi.On the basis of the geological background and geological characteristic of ore deposit,Re-Os dating of molybdenite yields a model age of 58.2～58.8 Ma and an isochron age of 58.49±0.43 Ma(MSWD=0.61),determining that the Chengba Cu deposit is the product of mineralization in the main collision stage.The discovery of the Chengga copper deposit confirms that copper deposits can be formed from main collisional process of the Gangdese metallgoenic belt.Therefore,the composite model of the deposits in the main collision stage should be modified into the skarn Cu(Mo)+skarn Fe-Pb-Zn-Mo(Cu)+porphyry Mo(W)from the previous study ones.In addition,Re contents of molybdenite range between 84.6×10~(-6) and 461.3×10~(-6)(ave.252×10~(-6)),indicating that the ore-forming materials of the Chengba Cu deposit are characterized by mixing of the crust and mantle.
引文
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