川西拉拉含矿镁铁质层状岩体的成因及构造背景
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摘要
川西拉拉含矿镁铁质层状岩体位于扬子地块西缘,构造环境复杂,关于其成因机制及岩浆源区的问题至今仍缺乏系统的研究。文章针对该岩体七个岩相带,进行了主、微量元素和Sr-Nd同位素分析,结果表明,七个岩相带(YWS-1—YWS-7)是岩浆经历不同的演化过程而形成的。其中,第五相带SiO2含量高(42. 95%～44. 07%),MgO含量低(1. 62%～1. 89%),稀土总量明显偏低(295. 32×10~(-6)～366. 36×10~(-6)),Cr、Ni含量偏低,87Sr/86Sr为0. 7391～0. 7812,是受到地壳混染所致;其它相带Mg#值高(0. 54～0. 74),稀土总量偏高(672. 53×10~(-6)～986. 66×10~(-6)),87Sr/86Sr为0. 7087～0. 7097,显示岩石圈地幔源区特征。结合区域地质背景分析,认为该层状岩体产生于大陆裂谷构造环境,岩浆来源于岩石圈地幔源区,演化过程中结晶分异和多次脉动作用相伴。这一活动过程与新元古时期扬子板块西缘的超级地幔柱活动有关。
The ore-bearing mafic layered intrusions in Lala District,Western Sichuan Province,is located on the west margin of the Yangzi platform with complex tectonic environment,and there is still a lack of systematic research on its genesis mechanism and magmatic source. The main,trace elements and Sr-Nd isotopes of the seven lithofacies belts are analyzed in this article,and the results show that the seven lithofacies belts(YWS-1—YWS-7) were formed by different evolution processes of magma. The fifth lithofacies(YWS-5) represents the magma derived from mantle contaminated by earth crust,with high SiO_2 content(42. 95% ～ 44. 07%),low MgO content(1. 62% ～ 1. 89%),obviously low total amount of rare earth elements(295. 32×10~(-6)～ 366. 36×10~(-6)),low content of Cr,Ni,~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr 0. 7391～ 0. 7812; other lithofacies represent the magma derived from lithospheric mantle source area,with high Mg#content(0. 54 ～ 0. 74),high content of rare earth elements(672. 53×10~(-6)～ 986. 66×10~(-6)),~(87)Sr/~(860Sr 0. 7087 ～ 0. 7097. Based on the analysis of regional geological background,it is concluded that the layered intrusions were produced in continental rift tectonic environment and the magma originated from lithospheric mantle source area,with crystallization differentiation and multiple pulsations associated in the evolution process. This process is related to the Neoproterozoic super mantle plume activities on the western margin of the Yangtze plate.
The ore-bearing mafic layered intrusions in Lala District,Western Sichuan Province,is located on the west margin of the Yangzi platform with complex tectonic environment,and there is still a lack of systematic research on its genesis mechanism and magmatic source. The main,trace elements and Sr-Nd isotopes of the seven lithofacies belts are analyzed in this article,and the results show that the seven lithofacies belts(YWS-1—YWS-7) were formed by different evolution processes of magma. The fifth lithofacies(YWS-5) represents the magma derived from mantle contaminated by earth crust,with high SiO_2 content(42. 95% ～ 44. 07%),low MgO content(1. 62% ～ 1. 89%),obviously low total amount of rare earth elements(295. 32×10~(-6)～ 366. 36×10~(-6)),low content of Cr,Ni,~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr 0. 7391～ 0. 7812; other lithofacies represent the magma derived from lithospheric mantle source area,with high Mg#content(0. 54 ～ 0. 74),high content of rare earth elements(672. 53×10~(-6)～ 986. 66×10~(-6)),~(87)Sr/~(860Sr 0. 7087 ～ 0. 7097. Based on the analysis of regional geological background,it is concluded that the layered intrusions were produced in continental rift tectonic environment and the magma originated from lithospheric mantle source area,with crystallization differentiation and multiple pulsations associated in the evolution process. This process is related to the Neoproterozoic super mantle plume activities on the western margin of the Yangtze plate.
引文
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[2] Irvine T N. Crystallization sequences in the Muskox intrusion and other layered intrusions—II. Origin of chromitite layers and similar deposits of other magmatic ores[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1975,39(6~7):991~1008,IN9-IN10,1009~1020.
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[4] Kruger F J. Filling the Bushveld Complex magma chamber:lateral expansion, roof and floor interaction, magmatic unconformities,and the formation of giant chromitite,PGE and Ti-V-magnetitite deposits[J]. Mineralium Deposita,2005,40(5):451~472.
[5] Palacz Z A. Isotopic and geochemical evidence for the evolution of a cyclic unit in the Rhum intrusion,north-west Scotland[J]. Nature,1984,307(5952):618~620.
[6]钟宏,胡瑞忠,朱维光,等.层状岩体的成因及成矿作用[J].地学前缘,2007,14(2):159~172.ZHONG Hong,HU Ruizhong,ZHU Weiguang,et al. Genesis and mineralization of layered intrusions[J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2007,14(2):159~172.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[7]朱志敏.拉拉铁氧化物铜金矿:成矿时代和金属来源[D].成都:成都理工大学,2011.ZHU Zhimin. Lala iron oxide copper gold deposit:metallogenic epoch and metal sources[J]. Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2011:52~54.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]周家云,郑荣才,朱志敏,等.拉拉铜矿黄铁矿微量元素地球化学特征及其成因意义[J].矿物岩石,2008,28(3):64~71.ZHOU Jiayun, ZHENG Rongcai, ZHU Zhimin, et al.Geochemical characteristics of trace elements of pyrite and its implications to the metallogenesis in the Lala copper deposit[J]. Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,2008,28(3):64~71.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]周家云,郑荣才,朱志敏,等.四川会理拉拉铜矿辉长岩群地球化学与Sm-Nd同位素定年[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2009,28(2):111~122.ZHOU Jiayun, ZHENG Rongcai, ZHU Zhimin, et al.Geochemistry and Sm-Nd dating of the gabbro in the Lala copper ore district,Sichuan Province,China[J]. Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,2009,28(2):111~122.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]孙君一,于文佳,唐泽勋,等.川西拉拉Fe-Cu矿区含矿镁铁质层状岩席的首次发现及其成岩成矿意义[J/OL].地学前缘,2017,24. https://doi. org/10. 13745/j. esf. yx.2017-3-54SUN Junyi, YU Wenjia, TANG Zexun, et al. Firstly discovering the ore-bearing mafic layered sill in the Lala Fe-Cu ore district, Western Sichuan Province, China, and its implications for petrogenesis and metallogenesis[J/OL]. Earth Science Frontiers,2017,24. https://doi. org/10. 13745/j.esf. yx. 2017-3-54(in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]于文佳,罗照华,刘永顺,等.拉拉铁铜矿床成因:来自隐爆角砾岩结构定量化和锆石U-Pb年代学的证据[J].岩石学报,2017,33(3):925~941.YU Wenjia,LUO Zhaohua,LIU Yongshun,et al. Petrogenesis of the Lala iron-copper deposit:Evidence by cryptoexplosive breccia CSD data and their zircon U-Pb data[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica,2017,33(3):925~941.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[12] Pin C,Zalduegui J S. Sequential separation of light rare-earth elements, thorium and uranium by miniaturized extraction chromatography:Application to isotopic analyses of silicate rocks[J]. Analytica Chimica Acta,1997,339(1~2):79~89.
[13] Chen F,Siebel W,Satir M,et al. Geochronology of the Karadere basement(NW Turkey)and implications for the geological evolution of the Istanbul zone[J]. International Journal of Earth Sciences,2002,91(3):469~481.
[14] Green D H. Genesis of Archean Peridotitic magmas and constraints on Archean geothermal gradients and tectonics[J].Geology,1975,3(1):15~18.
[15] Frey F A,Green D H,Roy S D. Integrated models of basalt Petrogenesis:a study of quartz Tholeiites to olivine Melilitites from south eastern Australia utilizing geochemical and experimental petrological data[J]. Journal of Petrology,1978,19(3):463~513.
[16] Hastie A R,Kerr A C,Pearce J A,et al. Classification of altered volcanic island arc rocks using immobile trace elements:development of the Th-Co discrimination diagram[J]. Journal of Petrology,2007,48(12):2341~2357.
[17] Winchester J A, Floyd P A. Geochemical magma type discrimination:application to altered and metamorphosed basic igneous rocks[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1976,28(3):459~469.
[18] Wilson M B. Igneous petrogenesis a global tectonic approach[M]. Netherlands:Springer,1989.
[19]李献华,周汉文,李正祥,等.川西新元古代双峰式火山岩成因的微量元素和Sm—Nd同位素制约及其大地构造意义[J].地质科学,2002,37(3):264~276.LI Xianhua, ZHOU Hanwen, LI Zhengxiang, et al.Petrogenesis of Neoproterozoic bimodal volcanics in western Sichuan and its tectonic implications:Geochemical and Sm-Nd isotopic constraints[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology,2002,37(3):264~276.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[20]姜常义,张蓬勃,卢登荣,等.新疆塔里木板块西部瓦吉里塔格地区二叠纪超镁铁岩的岩石成因与岩浆源区[J].岩石学报,2004,20(6):1433~1444.JIANG Changyi, ZHANG Pengbo, LU Dengrong, et al.Petrogenesis and magma source of the ultramafic rocks at Wajilitag region,western Tarim Plate in Xinjiang[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica,2004,20(6):1433~1444.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[21] Sun S S,Mc Donough W F. Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts:implications for mantle composition and processes[J]. Geological Society, London, Special Publications,1989,42(1):313~345.
[22]丁林,张进江,周勇,等.青藏高原岩石圈演化的记录:藏北超钾质及钠质火山岩的岩石学与地球化学特征[J].岩石学报,1999,15(3):408~421.DING Lin,ZHANG Jinjiang,ZHOU Yong,et al. Tectonic implication on the lithosphere evolution of the Tibet Plateau:petrology and geochemistry of sodic and ultrapotassic volcanism in Northern Tibet[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica,1999,15(3):408~421.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[23]曾威,司马献章,王家松,等.周庵铜镍-铂族矿床锆石UPb年代学、地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素特征:对周庵基性-超基性岩体及矿床成因的探讨[J].岩石学报,2016,32(4):1232~1248.ZENG Wei, SIMA Xianzhang, WANG Jiasong, et al.Geochronology,geochemistry and Sr-Nd isotope characteristics of Zhou'an Cu-Ni-PGE deposit:genesis of mafic-ultramafic rock and ore deposit[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica,2016,32(4):1232~1248.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[24] Qi L,Wang C Y,Zhou M F. Controls on the PGE distribution of Permian Emeishan alkaline and peralkaline volcanic rocks in Longzhoushan,Sichuan Province, SW China[J]. Lithos,2008,106(3~4):222~236.
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