洱海悬浮颗粒物时空分布特征及其环境学意义
|
摘要
水体ρ(SPM)(SPM表示悬浮颗粒物)是衡量水污染程度的指标之一,其在湖泊内源释放和水环境变化中扮演重要角色.通过采集不同季节、不同区域、不同水深的洱海SPM,研究其时空分布特征,并对其成因进行解析,从而阐明其对洱海水质的影响机制.结果表明:①ρ(SPM)的季节性变化趋势为夏季>秋季>冬季>春季,藻类生长是其夏季明显高于其他季节的主要原因,其空间分布规律为中部>北部≥南部,其垂向分布规律为表层>中层>底层.②水体ρ(SPM)与水中溶解性有机物浓度间的关系表明,上覆水中SPM的迁移转化是影响上覆水溶解性有机物的重要因素.③DON(溶解性有机氮)的Kd(分配系数)(lg Kd为6. 12±0. 47)高于TDN(溶解性总氮)(lg Kd为5. 70±0. 48),表明DON比TDN具有更高的颗粒反应性,DON可以很大程度上被浮游植物吸收利用,产生更高的ρ(SPM),使得湖泊存在富营养化的风险.研究显示,洱海水体ρ(SPM)受入湖河流和湿沉降的影响较小,受内源代谢影响较大,较高水温、较高pH(8. 98)、较低ρ(DO)均是导致藻源性ρ(SPM)增大的原因.
Suspended particulate matter(SPM) content in waterbody is one of the indicators for measuring the degree of water pollution.It plays an important role in endogenous release and water environment change of lakes. In this study,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of SPM in Erhai Lake in different seasons,different regions and different water depths were studied. The causes of SPM were analyzed,and its influence mechanism on the water quality of Erhai Lake was also clarified. The obtained results indicated that:(1) The seasonal variation of SPM content followed the pattern as: summer > autumn > winter > spring,with algae growth being the main reason for the obvious higher content of SPM in summer. In addition,the regional distribution showed the variation trends as: central >northern ≥ southern,surface > middle > bottom.(2) The relationship between SPM content and dissolved organic matter in overlying water indicated that migration and transformation of SPM were important factors affecting the behavior of dissolved organic matter in overlying water.(3) The partition coefficient(Kd) of dissolved organic nitrogen(DON)(lg Kd= 6. 12± 0. 47) was higher than that of dissolved total nitrogen(TDN)(lg Kd= 5. 70± 0. 48),indicating that DON possessed a higher particle reactivity. DON can be absorbed and utilized by phytoplankton,thereby producing a higher SPM concentration,and in turn posing a risk of lake eutrophication. The obtained results indicated that the influence deriving from inflow river and wet deposition on SPM distribution was relatively small. It was mainly affected by endogenous metabolism. Higher water temperature,higher pH(8. 98),and lower dissolved oxygen concentration were considered to contribute to the increment of algae-related SPM concentration.
Suspended particulate matter(SPM) content in waterbody is one of the indicators for measuring the degree of water pollution.It plays an important role in endogenous release and water environment change of lakes. In this study,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of SPM in Erhai Lake in different seasons,different regions and different water depths were studied. The causes of SPM were analyzed,and its influence mechanism on the water quality of Erhai Lake was also clarified. The obtained results indicated that:(1) The seasonal variation of SPM content followed the pattern as: summer > autumn > winter > spring,with algae growth being the main reason for the obvious higher content of SPM in summer. In addition,the regional distribution showed the variation trends as: central >northern ≥ southern,surface > middle > bottom.(2) The relationship between SPM content and dissolved organic matter in overlying water indicated that migration and transformation of SPM were important factors affecting the behavior of dissolved organic matter in overlying water.(3) The partition coefficient(Kd) of dissolved organic nitrogen(DON)(lg Kd= 6. 12± 0. 47) was higher than that of dissolved total nitrogen(TDN)(lg Kd= 5. 70± 0. 48),indicating that DON possessed a higher particle reactivity. DON can be absorbed and utilized by phytoplankton,thereby producing a higher SPM concentration,and in turn posing a risk of lake eutrophication. The obtained results indicated that the influence deriving from inflow river and wet deposition on SPM distribution was relatively small. It was mainly affected by endogenous metabolism. Higher water temperature,higher pH(8. 98),and lower dissolved oxygen concentration were considered to contribute to the increment of algae-related SPM concentration.
引文
[1]秦伯强,范成新.大型浅水湖泊内源营养盐释放的概念性模型探讨[J].中国环境科学,2002,22(2):150-153.QIN Boqiang,FAN Chengxin. Conceptual model of nutrient release from endogenous large-scale shallow lakes[J].China Environmental Science,2002,22(2):150-153.
[2] TENGBERG A,ALMROTH E,HALL P. Resuspension and its effects on organic carbon recycling and nutrient exchange in coastal sediments:in situ measurements using new experimental technology[J]. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,2003,285:119-142.
[3]侯秀富,郭沛涌,张华想,等.水体SPM对斜生栅藻生理生化及光合活性的影响[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(5):1446-1457.HOU Xiufu,GUO Peiyong,ZHANG Huaxiang,et al. Effects of suspended particulate matter on physiological,biochemical and photosynthetic activities of Scenedesmus obliquus[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2013,33(5):1446-1457.
[4] XIA X H,LIU T.Dissolved organic nitrogen transformation in river water:effects of suspended sediment and organic nitrogen concentration[J].Journal of Hydrology,2013,484:96-104.
[5] FRSTNER U. Traceability of sediment analysis[J]. Trends in Analytical Chemistry,2014,23:217-236.
[6] GHADBANA A, SMAMKAA E. Sources, distribution and composition of the suspended sediments,Kuwait Bay,Nohrtern Aibaina Gulf[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2005,60:647-666.
[7] VELEGRAKISA F,MICHEL D,COLLINSM B,et al.Sources,sinks and resuspension of suspended particulate matter in the eastern English Channel[J]. Continental Shelf Research,1999,19:1933-1957.
[8] LARTIGESB S,DENEUX MS,VILLEMIN G,et al. Composition,structure and size distribution of suspended particulates from the Rhine river[J].Water Research,2001,35:808-816.
[9]OBAN Y,CHIAVARI G,FABBRI D,et al. The chemical composition of Black Sea suspended particulate organic matter:pyrolysis-GC/MS as a complementary tool to traditional oceanographic analyses[J].Marine Chemistry,2000,69:55-67.
[10]李道季,李军,陈吉余,等.长江河口悬浮颗粒物研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2000,31(3):295-301.LI Daoji,LI Jun,CHEN Jiyu,et al. Study on suspended particulate matter in the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Ocean and Lake Journal,2000,31(3):295-301.
[11]张运林,秦伯强,陈伟民,等.悬浮物浓度对水下光照和初级生产力的影响[J].水科学进展,2004,15(5):615-620.ZHANG Yunlin,QIN Boqiang,CHEN Weimin,et al. Effects of suspended solids concentration on underwater illumination and primary productivity[J].Advances in Water Science,2004,15(5):615-620.
[12]谢平.武汉东湖颗粒悬浮物的结构与元素组成[J].水生生物学报,1996,20(3):197-204.XIE Ping. Structure and elemental composition of Wuhan Donghu particle suspension[J].Journal of Hydrobiology,1996,20(3):197-204.
[13]毕玲玲.胶州湾悬浮物组成特征及对营养盐的吸附解吸作用研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2006.
[14] PRATIRUPA B,KARAPURKARS G,SHENOYD M. Carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition of suspended particulate organic matter in Zuari Estuary,west coast of India[J]. Journal of Marine Systems,2015,141:90-97.
[15]于海燕,俞志明,宋秀贤,等.长江口海域悬浮颗粒有机物的稳定氮同位素季节分布与关键生物地球化学过程[J].海洋学报,2014,36(2):16-22.YU Haiyan,YU Zhiming,SONG Xiuxian, et al. Seasonal distribution of stable nitrogen isotope of suspended particulate matter in the Changjiang Estuary and key biogeochemical processes[J].Acta Marine Sinica,2014,36(2):16-22.
[16] QIAO L L,WANG Y Z,LI G X. Distribution of suspended particulate matter in the northern Bohai Bay in summer and its relation with thermocline[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2011,93:212-219.
[17] HADAS O,ALTABET M A,AGNIHOTRI R. Seasonally varying nitrogen isotope biogeochemistry of particulate organic matter in Lake Kinneret,Israel[J]. Limnology and Oceanography,2009,54:75-85.
[18]赵海超,王圣瑞,焦立新,等.洱海上覆水不同形态氮时空分布特征[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(5):874-880.ZHAO Haichao,WANG Shengrui,JIAO Lixin,et al. Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of different nitrogen forms in seawater overburden[J].Environmental Journal,2013,33(5):874-880.
[19] ZHANG L,WANG S R,WU Z H. Coupling effect of p H and dissolved oxygen in water column on nitrogen release at wateresediment interface of Erhai Lake,China[J]. Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2014,149:178-186.
[20] ZHANG L,WANG S R,ZHAO H C,et al.Using multiple combined analytical techniques to characterize water extractable organic nitrogen from Lake Erhai sediment[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2016,542:344-353.
[21] FENG S,ZHANG L,WANG S R,et al.Characterization of dissolved organic nitrogen in wet deposition from Lake Erhai Basin by using ultrahigh resolution FT-ICR mass spectrometry[J]. Chemosphere,2016,156:438-445.
[22] SPARKS D L,PAGE A L,HELMKE P A,et al. Methods of soil analysis,part 3:chemical methods[M]. Madisn,Wisconsin:ASA,CSSA,and SSSA,1996:1085-1121.
[23] ZHANG Y,ZHANG E,YIN Y,et al.Characteristics and sources of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in lakes of the Yungui Plateau,China,differing in trophic state and altitude[J].Limnology and Oceanography,2010,55:2645-2659.
[24] ALMROTH-ROSELL E,EILOLA K,HORDOIR R. Transport of fresh and resuspended particulate organic material in the Baltic Sea:a model study[J].Journal of Marine Systems,2011,87(1):1-12.
[25]倪兆奎,王圣瑞,赵海超,等.洱海入湖河流水体悬浮颗粒物有机碳氮来源特征[J].环境科学研究,2013,26(3):287-293.NI Zhaokui,WANG Shengrui,ZHAO Haichao,et al.Characteristics of organic carbon and nitrogen sources of suspended particulate matter in Bohai Lake waters[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences,2013,26(3):287-293.
[26]张莉,王圣瑞,赵海超,等.洱海沉积物酶活性的时空分布特征及其对富营养化指示意义[C]//中国环境科学学会.中国环境科学学术年会论文集.北京:中国环境科学学术年会,2015:18-24.
[27] ZHANG L,WANG S R,WU Z H. Coupling effect of pH and dissolved oxygen in water column on nitrogen release at watersediment interface of Erhai Lake,China[J]. Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2014,149:178-186.
[28]张琍,陈晓玲,黄珏,等.鄱阳湖丰、枯水期悬浮体浓度及其粒径分布特征[J].华中师范大学学报(自科版),2014,48(5):743-750.ZHANG Li,CHEN Xiaoling,HUANG Jue,et al. Characteristics of suspension concentration and size distribution of Poyang Lake during low and low water period[J]. Journal of Huazhong Normal University(Natural Science),2014,48(5):743-750.
[29]李秋材,张莉,王圣瑞,等.光照对湖泊上覆水DON影响机制及环境学意义[J].环境化学,2017,36(3):521-531.LI Qiucai,ZHANG Li,WANG Shengrui,et al. The influence mechanism of illumination on DON over lakes and its environmental significance[J].Environmental Chemistry,2017,36(3):521-531.
[30] PATRA S,RAMAN A V,GANGULY D,et al. Influence of suspended particulate matter on nutrient biogeochemistry of a tropical shallow lagoon,Chilika,India[J]. Limnology,2016,17(3):223-238.
[31]吴剑,孔倩,杨柳燕,等.铜绿微囊藻生长对培养液p H值和氮转化的影响[J].湖泊科学,2009,21(1):125-129.WU Jian,KONG Qian,YANG Liuyan,et al. Effects of Microcystis aeruginosa growth on p H and nitrogen transformation in culture medium[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2009,21(1):125-129.
[32]王书航,姜霞,王雯雯,等.蠡湖水体悬浮物的时空变化及其影响因素[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(6):1548-1555.WANG Shuhang,JIANG Xia,WANG Wenwen,et al.Temporal and spatial changes of suspended solids in Wuhu Lake and their influencing factors[J]. China Environmental Science,2014,34(6):1548-1555.
[33] LIN P,KLUMP J V,GUO L D. Dynamics of dissolved and particulate phosphorus influenced by seasonal hypoxia in Green Bay,Lake Michigan[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2016,541:1070-1082.
[2] TENGBERG A,ALMROTH E,HALL P. Resuspension and its effects on organic carbon recycling and nutrient exchange in coastal sediments:in situ measurements using new experimental technology[J]. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,2003,285:119-142.
[3]侯秀富,郭沛涌,张华想,等.水体SPM对斜生栅藻生理生化及光合活性的影响[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(5):1446-1457.HOU Xiufu,GUO Peiyong,ZHANG Huaxiang,et al. Effects of suspended particulate matter on physiological,biochemical and photosynthetic activities of Scenedesmus obliquus[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2013,33(5):1446-1457.
[4] XIA X H,LIU T.Dissolved organic nitrogen transformation in river water:effects of suspended sediment and organic nitrogen concentration[J].Journal of Hydrology,2013,484:96-104.
[5] FRSTNER U. Traceability of sediment analysis[J]. Trends in Analytical Chemistry,2014,23:217-236.
[6] GHADBANA A, SMAMKAA E. Sources, distribution and composition of the suspended sediments,Kuwait Bay,Nohrtern Aibaina Gulf[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2005,60:647-666.
[7] VELEGRAKISA F,MICHEL D,COLLINSM B,et al.Sources,sinks and resuspension of suspended particulate matter in the eastern English Channel[J]. Continental Shelf Research,1999,19:1933-1957.
[8] LARTIGESB S,DENEUX MS,VILLEMIN G,et al. Composition,structure and size distribution of suspended particulates from the Rhine river[J].Water Research,2001,35:808-816.
[9]OBAN Y,CHIAVARI G,FABBRI D,et al. The chemical composition of Black Sea suspended particulate organic matter:pyrolysis-GC/MS as a complementary tool to traditional oceanographic analyses[J].Marine Chemistry,2000,69:55-67.
[10]李道季,李军,陈吉余,等.长江河口悬浮颗粒物研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2000,31(3):295-301.LI Daoji,LI Jun,CHEN Jiyu,et al. Study on suspended particulate matter in the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Ocean and Lake Journal,2000,31(3):295-301.
[11]张运林,秦伯强,陈伟民,等.悬浮物浓度对水下光照和初级生产力的影响[J].水科学进展,2004,15(5):615-620.ZHANG Yunlin,QIN Boqiang,CHEN Weimin,et al. Effects of suspended solids concentration on underwater illumination and primary productivity[J].Advances in Water Science,2004,15(5):615-620.
[12]谢平.武汉东湖颗粒悬浮物的结构与元素组成[J].水生生物学报,1996,20(3):197-204.XIE Ping. Structure and elemental composition of Wuhan Donghu particle suspension[J].Journal of Hydrobiology,1996,20(3):197-204.
[13]毕玲玲.胶州湾悬浮物组成特征及对营养盐的吸附解吸作用研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2006.
[14] PRATIRUPA B,KARAPURKARS G,SHENOYD M. Carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition of suspended particulate organic matter in Zuari Estuary,west coast of India[J]. Journal of Marine Systems,2015,141:90-97.
[15]于海燕,俞志明,宋秀贤,等.长江口海域悬浮颗粒有机物的稳定氮同位素季节分布与关键生物地球化学过程[J].海洋学报,2014,36(2):16-22.YU Haiyan,YU Zhiming,SONG Xiuxian, et al. Seasonal distribution of stable nitrogen isotope of suspended particulate matter in the Changjiang Estuary and key biogeochemical processes[J].Acta Marine Sinica,2014,36(2):16-22.
[16] QIAO L L,WANG Y Z,LI G X. Distribution of suspended particulate matter in the northern Bohai Bay in summer and its relation with thermocline[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2011,93:212-219.
[17] HADAS O,ALTABET M A,AGNIHOTRI R. Seasonally varying nitrogen isotope biogeochemistry of particulate organic matter in Lake Kinneret,Israel[J]. Limnology and Oceanography,2009,54:75-85.
[18]赵海超,王圣瑞,焦立新,等.洱海上覆水不同形态氮时空分布特征[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(5):874-880.ZHAO Haichao,WANG Shengrui,JIAO Lixin,et al. Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of different nitrogen forms in seawater overburden[J].Environmental Journal,2013,33(5):874-880.
[19] ZHANG L,WANG S R,WU Z H. Coupling effect of p H and dissolved oxygen in water column on nitrogen release at wateresediment interface of Erhai Lake,China[J]. Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2014,149:178-186.
[20] ZHANG L,WANG S R,ZHAO H C,et al.Using multiple combined analytical techniques to characterize water extractable organic nitrogen from Lake Erhai sediment[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2016,542:344-353.
[21] FENG S,ZHANG L,WANG S R,et al.Characterization of dissolved organic nitrogen in wet deposition from Lake Erhai Basin by using ultrahigh resolution FT-ICR mass spectrometry[J]. Chemosphere,2016,156:438-445.
[22] SPARKS D L,PAGE A L,HELMKE P A,et al. Methods of soil analysis,part 3:chemical methods[M]. Madisn,Wisconsin:ASA,CSSA,and SSSA,1996:1085-1121.
[23] ZHANG Y,ZHANG E,YIN Y,et al.Characteristics and sources of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in lakes of the Yungui Plateau,China,differing in trophic state and altitude[J].Limnology and Oceanography,2010,55:2645-2659.
[24] ALMROTH-ROSELL E,EILOLA K,HORDOIR R. Transport of fresh and resuspended particulate organic material in the Baltic Sea:a model study[J].Journal of Marine Systems,2011,87(1):1-12.
[25]倪兆奎,王圣瑞,赵海超,等.洱海入湖河流水体悬浮颗粒物有机碳氮来源特征[J].环境科学研究,2013,26(3):287-293.NI Zhaokui,WANG Shengrui,ZHAO Haichao,et al.Characteristics of organic carbon and nitrogen sources of suspended particulate matter in Bohai Lake waters[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences,2013,26(3):287-293.
[26]张莉,王圣瑞,赵海超,等.洱海沉积物酶活性的时空分布特征及其对富营养化指示意义[C]//中国环境科学学会.中国环境科学学术年会论文集.北京:中国环境科学学术年会,2015:18-24.
[27] ZHANG L,WANG S R,WU Z H. Coupling effect of pH and dissolved oxygen in water column on nitrogen release at watersediment interface of Erhai Lake,China[J]. Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2014,149:178-186.
[28]张琍,陈晓玲,黄珏,等.鄱阳湖丰、枯水期悬浮体浓度及其粒径分布特征[J].华中师范大学学报(自科版),2014,48(5):743-750.ZHANG Li,CHEN Xiaoling,HUANG Jue,et al. Characteristics of suspension concentration and size distribution of Poyang Lake during low and low water period[J]. Journal of Huazhong Normal University(Natural Science),2014,48(5):743-750.
[29]李秋材,张莉,王圣瑞,等.光照对湖泊上覆水DON影响机制及环境学意义[J].环境化学,2017,36(3):521-531.LI Qiucai,ZHANG Li,WANG Shengrui,et al. The influence mechanism of illumination on DON over lakes and its environmental significance[J].Environmental Chemistry,2017,36(3):521-531.
[30] PATRA S,RAMAN A V,GANGULY D,et al. Influence of suspended particulate matter on nutrient biogeochemistry of a tropical shallow lagoon,Chilika,India[J]. Limnology,2016,17(3):223-238.
[31]吴剑,孔倩,杨柳燕,等.铜绿微囊藻生长对培养液p H值和氮转化的影响[J].湖泊科学,2009,21(1):125-129.WU Jian,KONG Qian,YANG Liuyan,et al. Effects of Microcystis aeruginosa growth on p H and nitrogen transformation in culture medium[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2009,21(1):125-129.
[32]王书航,姜霞,王雯雯,等.蠡湖水体悬浮物的时空变化及其影响因素[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(6):1548-1555.WANG Shuhang,JIANG Xia,WANG Wenwen,et al.Temporal and spatial changes of suspended solids in Wuhu Lake and their influencing factors[J]. China Environmental Science,2014,34(6):1548-1555.
[33] LIN P,KLUMP J V,GUO L D. Dynamics of dissolved and particulate phosphorus influenced by seasonal hypoxia in Green Bay,Lake Michigan[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2016,541:1070-1082.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |