溶液特征对石屑掺膨润土混合土的渗透特性影响
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摘要
垃圾填埋是目前世界各地处置城市固废的主要方法,为了有效防止渗滤液污染地下水和周边环境,在垃圾填埋场底部铺设含黏土或膨润土掺砂混合土的防渗系统。利用采石场的石屑和膨润土配制防渗材料,通过渗透试验、Zeta电位试验和X射线衍射试验,分析溶液种类和浓度对渗透特性的影响机理。研究结果表明随着离子浓度的增大,混合土的渗透系数变大,其主要是由于溶液中的离子与钠基膨润土进行离子交换,膨润土土粒间斥力与土粒双电层厚度减小,且膨润土中的蒙脱石层晶间距增大。
Landfill is the main method for disposaling the municipal solid waste in cities around the world. In order to effectively protect the underlying ground-water resources and surrounding environments from leachate, the bottom of landfills is lined with impervious system. The compacted clay or bentonite-sand mixtures are the widely-used materials for impervious system. In this study, the impervious materials are prepared by stone chips of a quarry and bentonite. The influence mechanism of solution characteristics on permeability is analyzed through permeation tests, Zeta potential and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the permeability of stone-bentonite mixtures become larger with the increase of the ion concentration, which is mainly due to the exchange of ions in solution with sodium bentonite, the reducement of the repulsion between soil particles and the thickness of the electric double layer, and the increase of the crystal spacing of the montmorillonite layer in the bentonite.
Landfill is the main method for disposaling the municipal solid waste in cities around the world. In order to effectively protect the underlying ground-water resources and surrounding environments from leachate, the bottom of landfills is lined with impervious system. The compacted clay or bentonite-sand mixtures are the widely-used materials for impervious system. In this study, the impervious materials are prepared by stone chips of a quarry and bentonite. The influence mechanism of solution characteristics on permeability is analyzed through permeation tests, Zeta potential and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the permeability of stone-bentonite mixtures become larger with the increase of the ion concentration, which is mainly due to the exchange of ions in solution with sodium bentonite, the reducement of the repulsion between soil particles and the thickness of the electric double layer, and the increase of the crystal spacing of the montmorillonite layer in the bentonite.
引文
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[11]万江,王晓焕,刘志勇.膨润土-水悬浮体系的zeta电位研究[J].非金属矿,2017,40(4):23-25.(WAN Jiang,WANG Xiao-huan,LIU Zhi-yong.Study on zeta potential of bentonite-water suspension system[J].Non-Metallic Mines,2017,40(4):23-25.(in Chinese))
[12]周鹏,高惠民,任子杰,等.分散剂对某膨润土矿分散行为影响研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2018,37(1):357-362.(ZHOU Peng,GAO Hui-min,REN Zi-jie,et al.Effect of dispersant on dispersion behavior of bentonite[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2018,37(1):357-362.(in Chinese))
[2]ZAKI A A,AHMAD M I,EL-RAHMAN K M A.Sorption characteristics of a landfill clay soil as a retardation barrier of some heavy metals[J].Applied Clay Science,2016,135:150-167.
[3]XU S F,BIAN M D,LI C F,et al.Effects of calcium concentration and differential settlement on permeability characteristics of bentonite-sand mixtures[J].Applied Clay Science,2018,153:16-22.
[4]XU L,YE W M,CHEN B,et al.Experimental investigations on thermo-hydro-mechanical properties of compacted GMZ01 bentonite-sand mixture using as buffer materials[J].Engineering Geology,2016,213:46-54.
[5]徐超,李志斌,高彦斌.溶液特征对GCL膨胀和渗透特性的影响[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2009,37(1):36-40.(XU Chao,LI Zhi-bin,GAO Yan-bin.Influence of solution characteristics on swelling and hydraulic performance of geosynthetic clay liner[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2009,37(1):36-40.(in Chinese))
[6]ANIL M,MASAMI O,LORETTA L,et al.Effect of salt of various concentrations on liquid limit,and hydraulic conductivity of different soil-bentonite mixtures[J].Environmental Geology,2009,57(5):1145-1153.
[7]许四法,吴雪辉,胡琦,等.Ca2+浓度对膨润土掺砂混合土渗透性能的影响[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(6):1145-1150.(XU Si-fa,WU Xue-hui,HU Qi,et al.Influence of Ca2+concentration on hydraulic properties of bentonite-sand mixtures[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(6):1145-1150.(in Chinese))
[8]陈宝,张会新,陈萍.高碱溶液对高庙子膨润土侵蚀作用的研究[J].岩土工程学报,2012,35(1):181-186.(CHEN Bao,ZHANG Hui-xin,CHEN Ping.Erosion effect of hyper-alkaline solution on Gaomiaozi bentonite[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,35(1):181-186.(in Chinese))
[9]孙志明,于健,郑水林,等.离子种类及浓度对土工合成黏土垫用膨润土保水性能的影响[J].硅酸盐学报,2010,38(9):1826-1831.(SUN Zhi-ming,YU Jian,ZHENGShui-lin,et al.Effect of ion-type and concentration on water-retention capacity of bentonite used in geosynthetic clay liner[J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2010,38(9):1826-1831.(in Chinese))
[10]陈永贵,叶为民,王琼,等.砂-膨润土混合屏障材料渗透性影响因素研究[J].工程地质学报,2010,18(3):357-362.(CHEN Yong-gui,YE Wei-min,WANG Qiong,et al.Influence factors of sand-bentonite mixtures on hydraulic conductivity.Journal of Engineering Geology[J].2010,18(3):357-362.(in Chinese))
[11]万江,王晓焕,刘志勇.膨润土-水悬浮体系的zeta电位研究[J].非金属矿,2017,40(4):23-25.(WAN Jiang,WANG Xiao-huan,LIU Zhi-yong.Study on zeta potential of bentonite-water suspension system[J].Non-Metallic Mines,2017,40(4):23-25.(in Chinese))
[12]周鹏,高惠民,任子杰,等.分散剂对某膨润土矿分散行为影响研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2018,37(1):357-362.(ZHOU Peng,GAO Hui-min,REN Zi-jie,et al.Effect of dispersant on dispersion behavior of bentonite[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2018,37(1):357-362.(in Chinese))
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