基于三维X射线显微镜的孔隙性砂岩中变形带微观结构解析?
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摘要
孔隙性砂岩中变形带对揭示其相关地质作用过程和工程应用具有重要的意义,而其微观结构是其相关科学与工程研究的关键点。常规的岩石微观结构分析手段对于全面解析岩石内部的微观结构具有一定的局限性,而近年发展起来的三维X射线显微成像技术可以无损地获得岩石内部微米尺度的三维精细数字化图像,是建立岩石微观结构并对其进行解析的有效手段。通过三维X射线显微镜对孔隙性砂岩中变形带扫面,建立了高分辨率三维微观结构图像,利用高密度切片图像,对其微观结构特征进行解析。根据变形带微观产出状带和颗粒破碎过程的解析,建立颗粒破碎-破碎颗粒与残余破碎颗粒重新排列-局部颗粒破碎带-弱颗粒破碎变形带-强颗粒破碎变形带-强弱颗粒破碎变形带相间排列-簇状变形带的完整时间发育序列。
Deformation bans in porous sandstones is of great significance in revealing their related geological processes and engineering applications. Its microstructure is the key point of its related scientific and engineering research. Conventional methods of rock micro structural analysis have some limitations in comprehensively analyzing the internal microstructures of rocks. Three-dimensional X-ray micro-imaging technology developed in recent years can acquire three-dimensional fine digital images of micro-scale inside rocks nondestructively. It is an effective means to establish and analyze rock microstructures. High resolution three-dimensional micro structural image of deformation band in porous sandstones was established by scanning the deformation band with three-dimensional X-ray microscopy. The micro structural characteristics of deformation band in porous sandstones were analyzed by using continuous slice images. Based on the analysis of micro-occurrence zones and particle breaking process of deformation band, a complete time series of grain breaking-broken particles and residual broken particles rearrangement-local particle breaking zones-weak particle breaking deformation zones-strong particle breaking deformation zones-strong and weak particle breaking deformation zones-cluster deformation zones was established.
Deformation bans in porous sandstones is of great significance in revealing their related geological processes and engineering applications. Its microstructure is the key point of its related scientific and engineering research. Conventional methods of rock micro structural analysis have some limitations in comprehensively analyzing the internal microstructures of rocks. Three-dimensional X-ray micro-imaging technology developed in recent years can acquire three-dimensional fine digital images of micro-scale inside rocks nondestructively. It is an effective means to establish and analyze rock microstructures. High resolution three-dimensional micro structural image of deformation band in porous sandstones was established by scanning the deformation band with three-dimensional X-ray microscopy. The micro structural characteristics of deformation band in porous sandstones were analyzed by using continuous slice images. Based on the analysis of micro-occurrence zones and particle breaking process of deformation band, a complete time series of grain breaking-broken particles and residual broken particles rearrangement-local particle breaking zones-weak particle breaking deformation zones-strong particle breaking deformation zones-strong and weak particle breaking deformation zones-cluster deformation zones was established.
引文
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[21]SHEPPARD A, LATHAM S, MIDDLETON J, et al. Techni-ques in helical scanning, dynamic imaging and image segmentation for improved quantitative analysis with X-ray micro-CT[J]. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 2014, 324(1):49-56.
[22]RITMAN E L. Current status of developments and applications of micro-CT[J]. Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, 2011, 13(5):31-52.
[23]桂建保,胡战利,周颖,等.高分辨显微CT技术进展[J]. CT理论与应用研究, 2009, 18(2):106-116.GUIJB,HUZL,ZHOUY,etal.Technologydevelopmentofmicro-CTwithhighspatial resolution[J]. CT Theory and Applications, 2009, 18(2):106-116.(in Chinese).
[2]FOSSEN H, SCHULTZ R A, SHIPTON Z K, et al. Deformation bands in sandstones:A review[J].Journal of Geological Society(London), 2007, 164(4):755-769.
[3]BRAATHEN A, TVERANGER J, FOSSEN H, et al. Fault facies and its application to sandstone reservoirs[J]. Aapg Bulletin, 2009, 93(7):891-917.
[4]OKUBO C H, SCHULTZ R A. Evolution of damage zone geometry and intensity in porous sandstone:Insight gained from strain energy density[J]. Journal of the Geological Society, London,2005, 162(6):939-949.
[5]李廷,杜赟,王鑫,等.高孔岩石局部变形带的野外证据和实验研究进展[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2008, 27(s1):2593-2693.LI T,DU Y,WANG X,et al. Field evidence and experimental research on localized deformation bands in high-porosity rocks[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2008,27(s1):2593-2693.(in Chinese).
[6]SCHULTZ R A, OKUBO C H, FOSSEN H. Porosity and grain size controls on compaction band formation in Jurassic Navajo Sandstone[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2010, 37(22):333-345.
[7]OLSSON W A, HOLCOMB D J. Compaction localization in porous rock[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2000, 27(21):3537-3540.
[8]LOTHE A E, GABRIELSEN R H, BJ?RNEVOLL-HAGEN N, et al. An experimental study of the texture of deformation bands; Effects on the porosity and permeability of sandstones[J]. Petroleum Geoscience, 2002, 8(3):195-207.
[9]SHIPTON Z K, EVANS J P, ROBESON V R, et al. Structure heterogeneity and permeability in faulted eolian sandstone:Implications for subsurface modeling of faults[J].American Association of Petroleum GeologistsBulletin, 2002, 86(5):863-883.
[10]FOSSEN H, BALE A. Deformation band and their influence on fluid flow[J]. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 2007, 1(12):1685-1700.
[11] BJ?RNEVOLL-HAGEN N, LARSEN B T. An experimental study of the texture of deformation bands;effects on the porosity and permeability of sandstones[J]. Petroleum Geoscience, 2002,8(3):195-207.
[12]PITTMAN E D. Effect of fault-related granulation on porosity and permeability of quarts sandstones, Sinpson Group(Ordovician), Oklahoma[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1981, 65(11):2381-2387.
[13]FISHER Q J, KNIPE R J. The permeability of faults within siliciclastic petroleum reservoir of the North sea and Norwegian continental shelf[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2001,18(10):1063-1081.
[14]李云祯,黄涛,戴本林.高孔岩石局部压缩变形研究新进展[J].地球物理学进展, 2011,26(1):349-356.LI Y Z, HUANG T, DAI B L. Research progresses on compaction bands in porous rocks[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2011, 26(1):349-356.(in Chinese).
[15]张中卫.多种显微镜介绍[J].现代物理知识, 2009, 21(3):19-28.ZHANG Z W. The introduction of a variety of microscope[J]. Modern Physics Knowledge, 2009,21(3):19-28.(in Chinese).
[16]须颖,邹晶,姚淑艳. X射线三维显微镜及其典型应用[J]. CT理论与应用研究, 2014, 23(6):967-977.XU Y, ZOU J, YAO S Y. 3D X-ray microscope and its typical applications[J]. CT Theory and Applications, 2014, 23(6):967-977.(in Chinese).
[17]CNUDDE V, BOONE M N. High-resolution X-ray com-puted tomography in geosciences:A review of the current technology and applications[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2013, 123(1):1-17.
[18]张磊,姚军,王锋,等.考虑分形特征的岩心扫描图像合理分割方法[J].科学技术与工程, 2015,15(24):1671-1815.ZHANG L, YAO J, WANG F, et al. Consider fractal characteris-tics rational core scanned image segmentation[J]. Science Technologyand Engineering, 2015, 15(24):1671-1815.
[19]姚军,赵秀才,衣艳静,等.数字岩心技术现状及展望[J].油气地质与采收率, 2005, 12(6):52-54.YAO J, ZHAO X C, YI Y J, et al. Present situation and pros-pects of digital core technology[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Effi-ciency, 2005, 12(6):52-54.(in Chinese).
[20]刘向君,洪林,梁利喜.基于微CT技术的砂岩数字岩石物理实验[J].地球物理学报, 2014, 57(4):1133-1140.LIU X J, HONG L, LIANG L X. Digital rock physical of sandstone based on micro-CT technology[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2014, 57(4):1133-1140.(in Chinese).
[21]SHEPPARD A, LATHAM S, MIDDLETON J, et al. Techni-ques in helical scanning, dynamic imaging and image segmentation for improved quantitative analysis with X-ray micro-CT[J]. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 2014, 324(1):49-56.
[22]RITMAN E L. Current status of developments and applications of micro-CT[J]. Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, 2011, 13(5):31-52.
[23]桂建保,胡战利,周颖,等.高分辨显微CT技术进展[J]. CT理论与应用研究, 2009, 18(2):106-116.GUIJB,HUZL,ZHOUY,etal.Technologydevelopmentofmicro-CTwithhighspatial resolution[J]. CT Theory and Applications, 2009, 18(2):106-116.(in Chinese).
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