昌黎生态监控区夏季大型底栖动物群落特征及其环境影响因子分析
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摘要
选取2015年昌黎生态监控区夏季的大型底栖动物和环境因子的监测数据,基于ArcGIS 10.0、surfer 10和Canoco 4.5软件平台,采用Shannon-Weaver多样性指数(H′)、Pielou均匀度指数(J)和Margalef丰富度指数(d_(Ma))、典型对应分析法(CCA)等,对2015年夏季监控区大型底栖动物群落结构特征以及与环境因子的关系进行综合分析。结果表明:夏季监测到52种,其中豆形短眼蟹(Xenophthalmus pinnotheroides)、镜蛤(Dosinia corrugata)和栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)等为优势种,平均丰度为99.36个/m~2,平均生物量为34.12 g/m~2;从丰度、生物量的物种组成上看,节肢动物甲壳类、软体动物和环节动物多毛类都是监控区的主要类群;监控区大型底栖动物群落生物多样性较差;大型底栖动物群落受多种因子共同作用影响,其中底质环境的粘土含量、粉砂土含量、砂土含量和硫化物以及水质参数中的盐度和硫酸盐等6种环境因子为影响该区域群落的主要环境因子。
The monitoring data of large benthic animals and environmental factors in the Changli Ecological Monitoring Area in summer of 2015 were selected with the Shannon-Weaver, Pielou, Margalef indices calculated with canonical correlation analysis method using ArcGIS 10.0, Surfer 10 and Canoco 4.5 software packages. The analysis of the relationship between macrofaunal community structure characteristics and environmental factors was also carried out with the methods mentioned above. The results showed that among the 52 species detected in summer, Xenophthalmus pinnotheroides, Dosinia corrugata and Chlamys farreri were the dominant. The average abundance of macrobenthos community was 99.36 ind/m~2, and the average biomass was 34.12 g/m~2. In terms of abundance and biomass species composition, arthropod carapace species, mollusks and polychaetes are the major groups in the monitoring area. The biodiversity of the macrobenthos community in the monitoring area as a whole does not look very good, and the biodiversity in the southern waters is worse. Macrobenthos community is co-produced by many kinds of factors in combination. Six environmental factors including clay content, mealy sand content, sandy soil content, sulfide, salinity and sulfate act as the main environmental factors for the regional community.
The monitoring data of large benthic animals and environmental factors in the Changli Ecological Monitoring Area in summer of 2015 were selected with the Shannon-Weaver, Pielou, Margalef indices calculated with canonical correlation analysis method using ArcGIS 10.0, Surfer 10 and Canoco 4.5 software packages. The analysis of the relationship between macrofaunal community structure characteristics and environmental factors was also carried out with the methods mentioned above. The results showed that among the 52 species detected in summer, Xenophthalmus pinnotheroides, Dosinia corrugata and Chlamys farreri were the dominant. The average abundance of macrobenthos community was 99.36 ind/m~2, and the average biomass was 34.12 g/m~2. In terms of abundance and biomass species composition, arthropod carapace species, mollusks and polychaetes are the major groups in the monitoring area. The biodiversity of the macrobenthos community in the monitoring area as a whole does not look very good, and the biodiversity in the southern waters is worse. Macrobenthos community is co-produced by many kinds of factors in combination. Six environmental factors including clay content, mealy sand content, sandy soil content, sulfide, salinity and sulfate act as the main environmental factors for the regional community.
引文
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[20] 王皓冉,陈永灿,刘昭伟,等.牡丹江中游底栖动物分布及其与栖境因子的关系[J].北京:中国环境科学,2015,35(04):1197-1204.
[21] 甘居利,林钦,黄洪辉,等.大鹏澳网箱养殖区底质硫化物分布、变化和污染分析[J].上海:水产学报,2003(06):570-574.
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[2] 刘晓收,范颖,史书杰,等.渤海大型底栖动物种类组成与群落结构研究[J].北京:海洋学报,2014,36(12):53-66.
[3] 刘晓收,史书杰,周红,等.渤海大型底栖动物多样性及其与环境因子的关系[J].广西:广西科学,2015,22(05):540-548.
[4] 韩洁,张志南,于子山.渤海大型底栖动物丰度和生物量的研究[J].山东:青岛海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2001(06):889-896.
[5] 王瑜,刘录三,刘存歧,等.渤海湾近岸海域春季大型底栖动物群落特征[J].北京:环境科学研究,2010,23(04):430-436.
[6] 陈琳琳,王全超,李晓静,等.渤海南部海域大型底栖动物群落演变特征及原因探讨[J].北京:中国科学:生命科学,2016,46(09):1121-1134.
[7] 周然,覃雪波,彭士涛,等.渤海湾大型底栖动物调查及与环境因子的相关性[J].北京:生态学报,2014,34(01):50-58.
[8] 赵志楠,梁晓林,张月明,等.河北昌黎生态监控区8月份大型底栖动物多样性研究[J].青岛:海洋科学进展,2014,32(03):363-373.
[9] 梁晓林,杨阳,王玉良,等.昌黎生态监控区夏季浮游植物群落年际变化特征分析[J].北京:环境科学,2015,36(04):1317-1325.
[10] 周卫彪,吴凯,高伟明,等.昌黎海域文昌鱼时空分布及其与栖息地底质关系的探究[J].青岛:海洋科学进展,2014,32(01):68-77.
[11] 赵志红,韩志杰,常欣悦,等.昌黎生态监控区夏季浮游动物多样性研究[J].青岛:海洋湖沼通报,2018(05):80-90.
[12] GB/T12763.6-2007,海洋调查规范第6部分:海洋生物调查[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[13] GB 17378.3-2007,海洋监测规范第3 部分:样品采集、储存与运输[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[14] 徐兆东,石洪华,李乃成,等.庙岛群岛南部海域大型底栖动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系[J].北京:环境科学研究,2015,28(05):704-712.
[15] 张敬怀,高阳,时小军,等.大亚湾底拖网海洋生物种类组成及物种多样性[J].北京:生物多样性,2017,25(09):1019-1030.
[16] 纪莹璐,赵宁,王振钟,等.乳山湾潮间带春季大型底栖动物群落结构[J].沈阳:应用生态学报,2015,26(02):609-615.
[17] 李斌,申恒伦,张敏,等.香溪河流域梯级水库大型底栖动物群落变化及其与环境的关系[J].沈阳:生态学杂志,2013,32(08):2070-2076.
[18] Ysebaert T,Herman P M J,Meire P,et al.Large-scale spatial patterns in estuaries:estuarine macrobenthic communities in the Schelde estuary,NW Europe.Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2003,57(1/2):335-355.
[19] 周红,华尔,张志南.秋季莱州湾及邻近海域大型底栖动物群落结构的研究[J].青岛:中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2010,40(08):80-87.
[20] 王皓冉,陈永灿,刘昭伟,等.牡丹江中游底栖动物分布及其与栖境因子的关系[J].北京:中国环境科学,2015,35(04):1197-1204.
[21] 甘居利,林钦,黄洪辉,等.大鹏澳网箱养殖区底质硫化物分布、变化和污染分析[J].上海:水产学报,2003(06):570-574.
[22] 黄洪辉,林钦,林燕棠,等.大亚湾网箱养殖海域大型底栖动物的时空变化[J].北京:中国环境科学,2005(04):412-416.
[23] 黄小平,郭芳,黄良民.大亚湾典型养殖区表层沉积物环境特征研究[J].广州:热带海洋学报,2008,27(05):37-42.
[24] Hampel H,Elliott M,Cattrijsse A.Macrofaunal communities in the habitats of intertidal marshes along the salinity gradient of the Schelde estuary.Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2009,84(1):45-53.
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