基于数学形态学与小波阈值组合滤波算法的大地电磁噪声压制
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摘要
针对实测大地电磁信号资料中常出现的强噪声干扰问题,提出一种基于数学形态滤波和小波阈值滤波结合的大地电磁噪声压制方法。首先,利用自适应多尺度形态滤波算法对含噪信号进行初次滤波,以消除脉冲类干扰。然后,对已处理的信号进行小波阈值滤波提取大尺度强噪声轮廓。最后,剔除强噪声干扰重构大地电磁信号。通过仿真实验对比,在不同强度噪声干扰背景下,所提方法的性能优于普通小波阈值方法,能更多地保留大地电磁原始信号的细节特征。实测资料处理结果表明,该方法能有效地抑制大尺度强噪声干扰和基线偏移的影响,改善视电阻率曲线质量,具有较好的应用前景。
In order to suppress strong noise interferences which often exist in measured magnetotelluric( MT) data,the method of magnetotelluric noise suppression based on the combination of mathematical morphology filtering and wavelet threshold filtering was proposed. First,the adaptive multi-scale morphological filter was used to suppress impulsive type interferences. Then,the processed signals were filtered by wavelet threshold filter to get the contours of large scale noises. Finally,the strong noises were removed to reconstruct the magnetotelluric signals.Through the comparison of simulation experiments,it proved that the performance of the proposed method is better than that of the ordinary wavelet threshold method under the background of noise interferences of different intensities,and the more detailed features of the original magnetotelluric signals can be retained. The experimental results showed that this method can effectively suppress the influence of large-scale strong noises and baseline drift,and improve the quality of the apparent resistivity curves,thus the proposed method has a good prospect of application.
In order to suppress strong noise interferences which often exist in measured magnetotelluric( MT) data,the method of magnetotelluric noise suppression based on the combination of mathematical morphology filtering and wavelet threshold filtering was proposed. First,the adaptive multi-scale morphological filter was used to suppress impulsive type interferences. Then,the processed signals were filtered by wavelet threshold filter to get the contours of large scale noises. Finally,the strong noises were removed to reconstruct the magnetotelluric signals.Through the comparison of simulation experiments,it proved that the performance of the proposed method is better than that of the ordinary wavelet threshold method under the background of noise interferences of different intensities,and the more detailed features of the original magnetotelluric signals can be retained. The experimental results showed that this method can effectively suppress the influence of large-scale strong noises and baseline drift,and improve the quality of the apparent resistivity curves,thus the proposed method has a good prospect of application.
引文
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10 汤井田,李晋,肖晓,等.数学形态滤波与大地电磁噪声压制[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(5):1784-1793Tang Jingtian,Li Jin,Xiao Xiao,et al.Mathe-matical morphology filtering and noise suppre-ssion of magnatotclluric sounding data[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2012,55(5):1784-1793
11 蔡剑华,肖晓.基于小波自适应阈值去噪的MT信号处理方法[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(6):2433-2439Cai Jianhua,Xiao Xiao.Method of processing magnetotelluric signal based on the adaptive threshold wavelet[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(6):2433-2439
12 柏林,刘小峰,秦树人.小波-形态-EMD综合分析法及其应用[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(5):1-4,35,169Bo Lin,Liu Xiaofeng,Qin Shuren.Hybrid wavelet-morphologyEMD analysis and its application[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2008,27(5):1-4,35,169
13 杜修力,何立志,侯伟.基于经验模态分解(EMD)的小波阈值除噪方法[J].北京工业大学学报,2007,33(3):265-272Du Xiuli,He Lizhi,Hou Wei.A study of wavelet threshold denoising based on empirical mode decomposition(EMD)[J].Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2007,33(3):265-272
14 王霞.数学形态学在语音识别中的应用研究[D].天津:河北工业大学,2008Wang Xia.Study on the application of mathe-matical morphology in speech recognition[D].Tianjin:Hebei University of Technology,2008
15 汤井田,李晋,肖晓,等.基于数学形态滤波的大地电磁强干扰分离方法[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(6):2215-2221Tang Jingtian,Li Jin,Xiao Xiao,et al.Magnetotelluric sounding data strong interference separation method based on mathematical morphology filtering[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2012,43(6):2215-2221
16 张文斌,杨辰龙,周晓军.形态滤波方法在振动信号降噪中的应用[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2009,43(11):2096-2099Zhang Wenbin,Yang Chenlong,Zhou Xiaojun.Application of morphology filtering method invibration signal denoising[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2009,43(11):2096-2099
17 宋平岗,周军.基于EMD和LMS自适应形态滤波的滚动轴承故障诊断[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(6):1446-1452Song Pinggang,Zhou Jun.Fault diagnosis based on EMD and LMS adaptive morphology filter rolling bearings[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(6):1446-1452
18 张全明,刘会金.基于广义形态滤波的电力系统采样信号处理[J].电力自动化设备,2006,26(10):45-48Zhang Quanming,Liu Huijin.Processing of sampled power system data based on generalized morphological filtering[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2006,26(10):45-48
19 Serra J.Image analysis and mathematical morhology[M].New York:Academic Press,1982
20 Maragos P,Schafer R W.Morphological filters Part 1:Their settheoretic analysis and relations to linear shift-invariant filters[J].IEEE Transactions on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing,1987,35(8):1153-1169
21 李兵,张培林,刘东升,等.基于自适应多尺度形态梯度变换的滚动轴承故障特征提取[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(10):104-108Li Bin,Zhang Peilin,Liu Dongsheng,et al.Feature extraction for roller bearing fault diagnosis based on adaptive multi-scale morphological gradient transformation[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(10):104-108
22 Maragos P.Pattern spectrum and multiscale shape recognition[J].IEEE Transaction.Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1989,11(7):701-716
23 沈路,杨富春,周晓军,等.基于改进EMD与形态滤波的齿轮故障特征提取[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(3):154-157,211Shen Lu,Yang Fuchun,Zhou Xiaojun,et al.Gear fault feature extraction based on improved EMD and morphological filter[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(3):154-157,211
24 Donoho D L.Denoising by soft-thresholding[J].IEEE Transaction on Information Theory,1995,41(3):613-627
2 汤井田,徐志敏,肖晓,等.庐枞矿集区大地电磁测深强噪声的影响规律[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(12):4147-4159Tang Jingtian,Xu Zhiming,Xiao Xiao,et al.Effect rules of strong noise on magnetotelluric(MT)sounding in the Luzong ore cluster area[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2012,55(12):4147-4159
3 李晋,彭冲,汤井田,等.局域均值分解和小波阈值在大地电磁噪声压制中的应用[J].振动与冲击,2017,36(5):134-141,156Li Jin,Peng Chong,Tang Jingtian,et al.Application of local mean decomposition and wavelet threshold in magnetotelluric noise suppression[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(5):134-141,156
4 王书明,王家映.大地电磁信号统计特征分析[J].地震学报,2004,26(6):669-674Wang Shuming,Wang Jiaying.Analysis on statistic characteristics of magnetotelluric signal[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2004,26(6):669-674
5 Trad D O,Travassos J M.Wavelet filtering of magnetotelluric data[J].Geophysics,2000,65(2),482-491
6 何兰芳,王绪本,何展翔,等.MT时间序列的小波去噪分析[J].地震地质,2001,23(2):222-226He Lanfang,Wang Xuben,He Zhanxiang,et al.Wavelet-based denoising of MT times series[J].Seismology and Geology,2001,23(2):222-226
7 王书明,王家映.利用高阶谱重构功率谱抑制高斯有色噪声[J].科学技术与工程,2004,4(2):69-73Wang Shuming,Wang Jiaying.Using higher-order spectrum to restructure power spectrum to suppress gaussian colored Noise[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2004,4(2):69-73
8 汤井田,化希瑞,曹哲民,等.Hilbert-Huang变换与大地电磁噪声压制[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(2):603-610Tang Jingtian,Hua Xirui,Cao Zhemin,et al.Hilbert-Huang transformation and noise suppression of magnetotelluric sounding data[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2008,51(2):603-610
9 景建恩,魏文博,陈海燕,等.基于广义S变换的大地电磁测深数据处理[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(12):4015-4022Jing Jianen,Wei Wenbo,Chen Haiyan,et al.Magnetotelluric sounding data processing based on generalized S transformation[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2012,55(12):4015-4022
10 汤井田,李晋,肖晓,等.数学形态滤波与大地电磁噪声压制[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(5):1784-1793Tang Jingtian,Li Jin,Xiao Xiao,et al.Mathe-matical morphology filtering and noise suppre-ssion of magnatotclluric sounding data[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2012,55(5):1784-1793
11 蔡剑华,肖晓.基于小波自适应阈值去噪的MT信号处理方法[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(6):2433-2439Cai Jianhua,Xiao Xiao.Method of processing magnetotelluric signal based on the adaptive threshold wavelet[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(6):2433-2439
12 柏林,刘小峰,秦树人.小波-形态-EMD综合分析法及其应用[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(5):1-4,35,169Bo Lin,Liu Xiaofeng,Qin Shuren.Hybrid wavelet-morphologyEMD analysis and its application[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2008,27(5):1-4,35,169
13 杜修力,何立志,侯伟.基于经验模态分解(EMD)的小波阈值除噪方法[J].北京工业大学学报,2007,33(3):265-272Du Xiuli,He Lizhi,Hou Wei.A study of wavelet threshold denoising based on empirical mode decomposition(EMD)[J].Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2007,33(3):265-272
14 王霞.数学形态学在语音识别中的应用研究[D].天津:河北工业大学,2008Wang Xia.Study on the application of mathe-matical morphology in speech recognition[D].Tianjin:Hebei University of Technology,2008
15 汤井田,李晋,肖晓,等.基于数学形态滤波的大地电磁强干扰分离方法[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(6):2215-2221Tang Jingtian,Li Jin,Xiao Xiao,et al.Magnetotelluric sounding data strong interference separation method based on mathematical morphology filtering[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2012,43(6):2215-2221
16 张文斌,杨辰龙,周晓军.形态滤波方法在振动信号降噪中的应用[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2009,43(11):2096-2099Zhang Wenbin,Yang Chenlong,Zhou Xiaojun.Application of morphology filtering method invibration signal denoising[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2009,43(11):2096-2099
17 宋平岗,周军.基于EMD和LMS自适应形态滤波的滚动轴承故障诊断[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(6):1446-1452Song Pinggang,Zhou Jun.Fault diagnosis based on EMD and LMS adaptive morphology filter rolling bearings[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(6):1446-1452
18 张全明,刘会金.基于广义形态滤波的电力系统采样信号处理[J].电力自动化设备,2006,26(10):45-48Zhang Quanming,Liu Huijin.Processing of sampled power system data based on generalized morphological filtering[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2006,26(10):45-48
19 Serra J.Image analysis and mathematical morhology[M].New York:Academic Press,1982
20 Maragos P,Schafer R W.Morphological filters Part 1:Their settheoretic analysis and relations to linear shift-invariant filters[J].IEEE Transactions on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing,1987,35(8):1153-1169
21 李兵,张培林,刘东升,等.基于自适应多尺度形态梯度变换的滚动轴承故障特征提取[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(10):104-108Li Bin,Zhang Peilin,Liu Dongsheng,et al.Feature extraction for roller bearing fault diagnosis based on adaptive multi-scale morphological gradient transformation[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(10):104-108
22 Maragos P.Pattern spectrum and multiscale shape recognition[J].IEEE Transaction.Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1989,11(7):701-716
23 沈路,杨富春,周晓军,等.基于改进EMD与形态滤波的齿轮故障特征提取[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(3):154-157,211Shen Lu,Yang Fuchun,Zhou Xiaojun,et al.Gear fault feature extraction based on improved EMD and morphological filter[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(3):154-157,211
24 Donoho D L.Denoising by soft-thresholding[J].IEEE Transaction on Information Theory,1995,41(3):613-627
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