大庆油田水驱油藏模拟特色技术
|
摘要
针对大庆长垣高含水后期剩余油精细描述对油藏模拟的技术需求,建立了主从方式并行架构、雅可比矩阵区域分解算法、线性系统两步预处理解法,形成了超大规模分布式并行油藏模拟技术;针对大庆外围特低渗油藏的模拟问题,建立了统一的非线性渗流模型和考虑拟启动压力梯度的井—网格方程,开发了适合裂缝、压敏和非达西的油藏模拟技术;针对大庆油田长期、大量实施分层注水措施的开发特点,建立了考虑嘴损机理的井底流动分段控制方程,形成了分层注水工艺的准确模拟技术;针对特高含水期低效、无效循环识别问题,建立了描述每口注水井注入水的浓度方程及其并行求解方法,开发了无井数限制的注水跟踪模拟技术。这些被广泛应用的特色技术,持续支撑了大庆已开发油田精细油藏描述工作的全面覆盖和质量提升,对水驱剩余油高效挖潜起到了良好作用。
In the light of the technical demands of the reservoir simulation for the remained-oil fine characterization in the later period of high-watercut Daqing Placanticline, the parallel architecture of master-slave mode, Jacobi matrix region decomposition algorithm and the two-step preprocessing solution method of the linear system were established,and the simulating technique of super-large-scale distributed parallel computation for the reservoirs was formed; aiming at the simulating problem of the extra-low-permeability oil reservoirs in peripheral Daqing, the uniform nonlinear seepage model and the well-grid equation considering the start-up pressure gradient were established, and the reservoir simulating technique suitable for the fractures, pressure sensitivity and non-Darcy flow was developed;in the light of the development features of long-period and a large amount of stratified water injection of Daqing Oilfield, the subsection control equation of the bottom hole flow considering the nozzle loss mechanism was established, and finally the accurate simulating technique of the stratified water injection technology was developed; aiming at the identifying problems of non and low efficiency cycles in the period of extra-high water cut, the concentration equation describing the injected water for each injecting well and its parallel solution method were established, the injected water tracking and simulating techniques were developed without the limit of the well number. These extensively-applied characteristic techniques have continuously supported the comprehensive coverage and quality improvement of the fine reservoir description in Daqing developed oilfields, and furthermore played much better role for the high-efficiency potential tapping of the waterflooded remained oil.
In the light of the technical demands of the reservoir simulation for the remained-oil fine characterization in the later period of high-watercut Daqing Placanticline, the parallel architecture of master-slave mode, Jacobi matrix region decomposition algorithm and the two-step preprocessing solution method of the linear system were established,and the simulating technique of super-large-scale distributed parallel computation for the reservoirs was formed; aiming at the simulating problem of the extra-low-permeability oil reservoirs in peripheral Daqing, the uniform nonlinear seepage model and the well-grid equation considering the start-up pressure gradient were established, and the reservoir simulating technique suitable for the fractures, pressure sensitivity and non-Darcy flow was developed;in the light of the development features of long-period and a large amount of stratified water injection of Daqing Oilfield, the subsection control equation of the bottom hole flow considering the nozzle loss mechanism was established, and finally the accurate simulating technique of the stratified water injection technology was developed; aiming at the identifying problems of non and low efficiency cycles in the period of extra-high water cut, the concentration equation describing the injected water for each injecting well and its parallel solution method were established, the injected water tracking and simulating techniques were developed without the limit of the well number. These extensively-applied characteristic techniques have continuously supported the comprehensive coverage and quality improvement of the fine reservoir description in Daqing developed oilfields, and furthermore played much better role for the high-efficiency potential tapping of the waterflooded remained oil.
引文
[1]郭万奎.大庆油田地质开发技术的进步与展望[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(5):56-57.GUO Wankui.Progress and prospect of geology and development technology in Daqing Oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2004,23(5):56-57.
[2]WATTS J W.A method for improving line successive overrelaxation in anisotropic problems:A theoretical analysis[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,1973,13(2):105-118.
[3]VINSOME P K W.Orthomin,an iterative method for solving sparse banded sets of simultaneous linear equations[R].SPE 5729,1976.
[4]WALLIS J R,KENDALL R P,LITTLE T.Constrained pressure residual acceleration of conjugate residual methods[R].SPE 13536,1985.
[5]CAO Hui ,TCHELEPI H,WALLIS J,et al.Parallel scalable unstructured CPR-Type linear solver for reservoir simulation[R].SPE 96809,2005.
[6]STIIBEN K,CLEES T,SCHNEIDER M,et al.Algebraic Multigrid Methods(AMG) for the efficient solution of fully implicit formulations in reservoir simulation[R].SPE 105832,2007.
[7]FUNG L,DOGRU A.Parallel unstructured solver methods for simulation of complex giant reservoir[R].SPE 106237,2007.
[8]AL-SHAALAN T M ,KLIE H,DOGRU A ,et al.Studies of robust two stage preconditioners for the solution of fully implicit multiphase flow problems[R].SPE 118722,2009.
[9]CUSINI M,LUKYANOV A A,NATVIG J R,et al.A constrained pressure residual multiscale(CPR-MS) compositional solver[C]//ECMOR XIV—14th European Conference on the Mathematics of Oil Recovery,2014.
[10]赵国忠,李保树.三维三相油藏模拟新解法[J].石油学报,1995,16(4):68-74.ZHAO Guozhong,LI Baoshu.A new algorithm on three phase and 3-D black oil simulator[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1995,16(4):68-74.
[11]赵国忠,尹芝林,吴邕.大庆油田PC集群大规模油藏数值模拟[J].西南石油学院学报,2003,25(6):35-39.ZHAO Guozhong,YIN Zhilin,WU Yong.Large-scale reservoir numerical simulation using PC-Clusters in Daqing Oil Field[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute,2003,25(6):35-39.
[12]赵国忠.分布式并行油藏模拟高效求解器的构建[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2016,35(5):53-57.ZHAO Guozhong.Establishment of the high-efficiency solver for distributed parallel reservoir simulation[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2016,35(5):53-57.
[13]尹芝林,赵国忠,张乐.基于非达西、压敏效应及裂缝的数模技术[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2015,34(3):58-59.YIN Zhilin,ZHAO Guozhong,ZHANG Le.Numerical simulation techniqes on the bases of non-Darcy and pressure-sensitivity and fractures[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2015,34(3):58-59.
[14]李莉,董平川,张茂林,等.特低渗透油藏非达西渗流模型及其应用[J].岩土力学与工程学报,2006,25(11):2272-2279.LI Li,DONG Pingchuan,ZHANG Maolin,et al.Non-Darcy seepage model of extra-low permeability oil reservoir and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(11):2272-2279.
[15]赵国忠.变启动压力梯度三维三相渗流数值模拟方法[J].石油学报,2006,27(增刊1):119-128.ZHAO Guozhong.Numerical simulation of 3D and three-phase flow with variable start-up pressure gradient[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(S1):119-128.
[16]黄延章.低渗透油层非线性渗流特征[J].特种油气藏,1997,4 (1) :9-14.HUANG Yanzhang.Nonlinear percolation feature in low permeability reservoir[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,1997,4(1):9-14.
[17]李忠兴,韩洪宝,程林松,等.特低渗油藏启动压力梯度新的求解方法及应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(3):107-109.LI Zhongxing,HAN Hongbao,CHENG Linsong,et al.A new solution and application of starting pressure gradient in ultra-low permeability reservoir[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2004,31(3):107-109.
[18]李爱芬,张少辉,刘敏,等.一种测定低渗油藏启动压力的新方法[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(1):68-71.LI Aifen,ZHANG Shaohui,LIU Min,et al.A new method of measuring starting pressure for low permeability reservoir[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2008,32(1):68-71.
[19]尹芝林,孙文静,姚军.动态渗透率三维油水两相低渗透油藏数值模拟[J].石油学报,2011,32(1):118-118.YIN Zhilin,SUN Wenjing,YAO Jun.Numerical simulation of the 3D oil-water phase dynamic permeability for low-permeability reservoirs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(1):118-118.
[20]杨二龙,张建国,陈彩云,等.考虑介质变形的低渗透气藏数值模拟研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2007,14(3):94-96.YANG Erlong,ZHANG Jianguo,CHEN Caiyun,et al.A study on numerical simulation of deformable low permeability gas reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2007,14(3):94-96.
[21]郭肖,伍勇.启动压力梯度和应力敏感效应对低渗透气藏水平井产能的影响[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(4):539-543.GUO Xiao,WU Yong.Influence of start-up pressure gradient and stress sensitivity on productivity of low-permeability gas reservoirs[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2007,28(4):539-543.
[22]赵国忠,孙巍,何鑫.基于分层注水数学模型的油藏数值模拟[J].东北石油大学学报,2012,36(6):82-87.ZHAO Guozhong,SUN Wei,HE Xin.Reservoir simulation model based on stratified water injection and its application[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2012,36(6):82-87.
[23]高大鹏,叶继根,胡永乐,等.精细分层注水约束的油藏数值模拟[J].计算物理,2015,32(3):343-351.GAO Dapeng,YE Jigen,HU Yongle,et al.Numerical reservoir simulation constrained to fine separated layer water injection[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Physics,2015,32(3):343-351.
[24] 韩洪升,付金辉,王春光,等.分层注水井配水嘴嘴损曲线规律实验研究[J].石油地质与工程,2008,22(2):79-81.HAN Hongsheng,FU Jinhui,WANG Chunguang,et al.Experimental study on nozzle loss curve law of water distribution nozzle in layered water injection well[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2008,22(2):79-81.
[25]郭恩昌,宋考平,石成方,等.分层注水情况下的注采系统节点分析方法初探[J].大庆石油学院学报,1997,21(2):18-22.GUO Enchang,SONG Kaoping,SHI Chengfang,et al.Primary approach to nodal analysis of separated layer water flooding and different injection patterns[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,1997,21(2):18-22.
[2]WATTS J W.A method for improving line successive overrelaxation in anisotropic problems:A theoretical analysis[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,1973,13(2):105-118.
[3]VINSOME P K W.Orthomin,an iterative method for solving sparse banded sets of simultaneous linear equations[R].SPE 5729,1976.
[4]WALLIS J R,KENDALL R P,LITTLE T.Constrained pressure residual acceleration of conjugate residual methods[R].SPE 13536,1985.
[5]CAO Hui ,TCHELEPI H,WALLIS J,et al.Parallel scalable unstructured CPR-Type linear solver for reservoir simulation[R].SPE 96809,2005.
[6]STIIBEN K,CLEES T,SCHNEIDER M,et al.Algebraic Multigrid Methods(AMG) for the efficient solution of fully implicit formulations in reservoir simulation[R].SPE 105832,2007.
[7]FUNG L,DOGRU A.Parallel unstructured solver methods for simulation of complex giant reservoir[R].SPE 106237,2007.
[8]AL-SHAALAN T M ,KLIE H,DOGRU A ,et al.Studies of robust two stage preconditioners for the solution of fully implicit multiphase flow problems[R].SPE 118722,2009.
[9]CUSINI M,LUKYANOV A A,NATVIG J R,et al.A constrained pressure residual multiscale(CPR-MS) compositional solver[C]//ECMOR XIV—14th European Conference on the Mathematics of Oil Recovery,2014.
[10]赵国忠,李保树.三维三相油藏模拟新解法[J].石油学报,1995,16(4):68-74.ZHAO Guozhong,LI Baoshu.A new algorithm on three phase and 3-D black oil simulator[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1995,16(4):68-74.
[11]赵国忠,尹芝林,吴邕.大庆油田PC集群大规模油藏数值模拟[J].西南石油学院学报,2003,25(6):35-39.ZHAO Guozhong,YIN Zhilin,WU Yong.Large-scale reservoir numerical simulation using PC-Clusters in Daqing Oil Field[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute,2003,25(6):35-39.
[12]赵国忠.分布式并行油藏模拟高效求解器的构建[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2016,35(5):53-57.ZHAO Guozhong.Establishment of the high-efficiency solver for distributed parallel reservoir simulation[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2016,35(5):53-57.
[13]尹芝林,赵国忠,张乐.基于非达西、压敏效应及裂缝的数模技术[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2015,34(3):58-59.YIN Zhilin,ZHAO Guozhong,ZHANG Le.Numerical simulation techniqes on the bases of non-Darcy and pressure-sensitivity and fractures[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2015,34(3):58-59.
[14]李莉,董平川,张茂林,等.特低渗透油藏非达西渗流模型及其应用[J].岩土力学与工程学报,2006,25(11):2272-2279.LI Li,DONG Pingchuan,ZHANG Maolin,et al.Non-Darcy seepage model of extra-low permeability oil reservoir and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(11):2272-2279.
[15]赵国忠.变启动压力梯度三维三相渗流数值模拟方法[J].石油学报,2006,27(增刊1):119-128.ZHAO Guozhong.Numerical simulation of 3D and three-phase flow with variable start-up pressure gradient[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(S1):119-128.
[16]黄延章.低渗透油层非线性渗流特征[J].特种油气藏,1997,4 (1) :9-14.HUANG Yanzhang.Nonlinear percolation feature in low permeability reservoir[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,1997,4(1):9-14.
[17]李忠兴,韩洪宝,程林松,等.特低渗油藏启动压力梯度新的求解方法及应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(3):107-109.LI Zhongxing,HAN Hongbao,CHENG Linsong,et al.A new solution and application of starting pressure gradient in ultra-low permeability reservoir[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2004,31(3):107-109.
[18]李爱芬,张少辉,刘敏,等.一种测定低渗油藏启动压力的新方法[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(1):68-71.LI Aifen,ZHANG Shaohui,LIU Min,et al.A new method of measuring starting pressure for low permeability reservoir[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2008,32(1):68-71.
[19]尹芝林,孙文静,姚军.动态渗透率三维油水两相低渗透油藏数值模拟[J].石油学报,2011,32(1):118-118.YIN Zhilin,SUN Wenjing,YAO Jun.Numerical simulation of the 3D oil-water phase dynamic permeability for low-permeability reservoirs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(1):118-118.
[20]杨二龙,张建国,陈彩云,等.考虑介质变形的低渗透气藏数值模拟研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2007,14(3):94-96.YANG Erlong,ZHANG Jianguo,CHEN Caiyun,et al.A study on numerical simulation of deformable low permeability gas reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2007,14(3):94-96.
[21]郭肖,伍勇.启动压力梯度和应力敏感效应对低渗透气藏水平井产能的影响[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(4):539-543.GUO Xiao,WU Yong.Influence of start-up pressure gradient and stress sensitivity on productivity of low-permeability gas reservoirs[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2007,28(4):539-543.
[22]赵国忠,孙巍,何鑫.基于分层注水数学模型的油藏数值模拟[J].东北石油大学学报,2012,36(6):82-87.ZHAO Guozhong,SUN Wei,HE Xin.Reservoir simulation model based on stratified water injection and its application[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2012,36(6):82-87.
[23]高大鹏,叶继根,胡永乐,等.精细分层注水约束的油藏数值模拟[J].计算物理,2015,32(3):343-351.GAO Dapeng,YE Jigen,HU Yongle,et al.Numerical reservoir simulation constrained to fine separated layer water injection[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Physics,2015,32(3):343-351.
[24] 韩洪升,付金辉,王春光,等.分层注水井配水嘴嘴损曲线规律实验研究[J].石油地质与工程,2008,22(2):79-81.HAN Hongsheng,FU Jinhui,WANG Chunguang,et al.Experimental study on nozzle loss curve law of water distribution nozzle in layered water injection well[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2008,22(2):79-81.
[25]郭恩昌,宋考平,石成方,等.分层注水情况下的注采系统节点分析方法初探[J].大庆石油学院学报,1997,21(2):18-22.GUO Enchang,SONG Kaoping,SHI Chengfang,et al.Primary approach to nodal analysis of separated layer water flooding and different injection patterns[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,1997,21(2):18-22.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |