电势梯度与电极间距变化的滨海软土电渗模型试验研究
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摘要
电势梯度和电极间距是电渗处理中的常见控制因素。为研究电势梯度和电极间距对滨海软土电渗效率的影响,进行等电极间距变电势梯度和等电势梯度变电极间距两种工况下的电渗模型试验。获取电渗过程中的排水量、通电电流和能耗系数等试验结果,进一步研究能耗系数与电势梯度、电极间距的关系。在Helmholtz-Smoluchowski(H-S)电渗流方程的基础上,引入界面电阻和起始电势梯度概念进行电渗能耗分析。结果表明:在等电极间距工况下,考虑起始电势梯度的电渗流方程能够较切实地反映电渗能耗系数随电势梯度变化的非线性趋势,宁海滩涂淤泥存在起始电势梯度和相应的经济电势梯度;在等电势梯度工况下,界面电阻和起始电势梯度不影响能耗系数的线性变化规律。
Potential gradient and electrode spacing are common control factors in electro-osmosis treatment. To investigate the impacts of the potential gradient and electrode spacing on the electro-osmosis efficiency of marine soft clay, electroosmotic model tests were conducted under two operating conditions, which included equal electrode spacing with varying potential gradient and equal potential gradient with varying electrode spacing. The test results of drainage volume, electric current and energy consumption coefficient were achieved in the electroosmotic process. Furthermore, the relationships between potential gradient, electrode spacing and energy consumption coefficient were studied. On the basis of the Helmholtz-Smoluchowski(H-S) electroosmotic flow equation, concepts of interface resistance and initial potential gradient were introduced to analyze the energy consumption of electro-osmosis. The results show that the electroosmotic flow equation can practically reflect the variation of electroosmotic energy consumption coefficient with the potential gradient in nonlinear tendency when initial potential gradient is considered, under equal electrode spacing operating condition. There are initial potential gradient and corresponding economical potential gradient in Ninghai mudflat sludge. Under the equal potential gradient operating condition, interface resistance and initial potential gradient have no effect on the linear variation law of energy consumption coefficient.
Potential gradient and electrode spacing are common control factors in electro-osmosis treatment. To investigate the impacts of the potential gradient and electrode spacing on the electro-osmosis efficiency of marine soft clay, electroosmotic model tests were conducted under two operating conditions, which included equal electrode spacing with varying potential gradient and equal potential gradient with varying electrode spacing. The test results of drainage volume, electric current and energy consumption coefficient were achieved in the electroosmotic process. Furthermore, the relationships between potential gradient, electrode spacing and energy consumption coefficient were studied. On the basis of the Helmholtz-Smoluchowski(H-S) electroosmotic flow equation, concepts of interface resistance and initial potential gradient were introduced to analyze the energy consumption of electro-osmosis. The results show that the electroosmotic flow equation can practically reflect the variation of electroosmotic energy consumption coefficient with the potential gradient in nonlinear tendency when initial potential gradient is considered, under equal electrode spacing operating condition. There are initial potential gradient and corresponding economical potential gradient in Ninghai mudflat sludge. Under the equal potential gradient operating condition, interface resistance and initial potential gradient have no effect on the linear variation law of energy consumption coefficient.
引文
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[18]Alshawabkeh A N,Gale R J,Ozsu-Acar E,et al.Optimization of 2-D electrode configuration for electrokinetic remediation[J].Journal of Soil Contamination,1999,8(6):617-635
[19]Tao Y,Zhou J,Gong X,et al.Electro-osmotic dehydration of Hangzhou sludge with selected electrode arrangements[J].Drying Technology,2016,34(1):66-75
[20]庄艳峰,王钊.电渗固结中的界面电阻问题[J].岩土力学,2004,25(1):117-120(Zhuang Yanfeng,Wang Zhao.Study on interface electric resistance of electro-osmotic consolidation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(1):117-120(in Chinese))
[21]王海清,海晓丹,宫慧范.关于竖向加筋和抽?排水及反滤土工合成材料产品的研制及其应用的探讨[C]//第八届中国土工合成材料学术会议论文集.北京:人民交通出版社,2012:358-360
[2]Glendinning S,Jones C J F P,Pugh R C.Reinforced soil using cohesive fill and electrokinetic geosynthetics[J].International Journal of Geomechanics,2005,5(2):138-146
[3]Fourie A B,Johns D G,Jones C J F P.Dewatering of mine tailings using electrokinetic geosynthetics[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2007,44:160-172
[4]刘飞禹,宓炜,王军,等.逐级加载电压对电渗加固吹填土的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(12):2582-2591(Liu Feiyu,Mi Wei,Wang Jun,et al.Influence of applying stepped voltage in electroosmotic reinforcement of dredger fill[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(12):2582-2591(in Chinese))
[5]Jones C J F P,Lamont-Black J,Glendinning S.Electrokinetic geosynthetics in hydraulic applications[J].Geotextiles and Geomembranes,2011,29(4):381-390
[6]Shang J Q.Zeta potential and electroosmotic permeability of clay soils[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1997,34(4):627-631
[7]Mccarter W.The electrical resistivity characteristics of compacted clays[J].Géotechnique,1984,34(2):263-267
[8]陶燕丽.不同电极电渗过程比较及基于电导率电渗排水量计算方法[D].杭州:浙江大学,2015(Tao Yanli.Electro-osmotic process under different electrode materials and a novel method for discharge calculation based on electrical conductivity[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2015(in Chinese))
[9]吴辉,胡黎明.考虑电导率变化的电渗固结模型[J].岩土工程学报,2013,35(4):734-738(Wu Hui,Hu Liming.Numerical simulation of electro-osmosis consolidation considering variation of electrical conductivity[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013,35(4):734-738(in Chinese))
[10]Sun Zhaohua,Gao Mingjun,Yu Xiangjuan.Vacuum preloading combined with electro-osmotic dewatering of dredger fill using electric vertical drains[J].Drying Technology,2015,33(7):847-853
[11]Dussour C,Favoriti P,Vorobiev E.Influence of chemical additives upon both filtration and electroosmotic dehydration of a kaolin suspension[J].Separation Science and Technology,2000,35(8):1179-1193
[12]Ou C Y,Chien S C,Wang Y G.On the enhancement of electroosmotic soil improvement by the injection of saline solutions[J].Applied Clay Science,2009,44(1):130-136
[13]Malekzadeh M,Lovisa J,Sivakugan N.An overview of electrokinetic consolidation of soils[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2016,34(3):759-776
[14]龚晓南,焦丹.间歇通电下软黏土电渗固结性状试验分析[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2011,42(6):1725-1730(Gong Xiaonan,Jiao Dan.Experimental study of electro-osmotic consolidation of soft clay under intermittent current condition[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2011,42(6):1725-1730(in Chinese))
[15]陈卓,周建,温晓贵,等.电极反转对电渗加固效果的试验研究[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2013,47(9):1579-1584(Chen Zhuo,Zhou Jian,Wen Xiaogui,et al.Experimental research on effect of polarity reversal to electro-osmosis[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2013,47(9):1579-1584(in Chinese))
[16]Chien S C,Ou C Y.A novel technique of harmonic waves applied electro-osmotic chemical treatment for soil improvement[J].Applied Clay Science,2011,52(3):235-244
[17]郑凌逶,谢新宇,谢康和,等.电渗法加固地基试验及应用研究进展[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2017,51(6):1064-1073(Zheng Lingwei,Xie Xinyu,Xie Kanghe,et al.Test and application research advance on foundation reinforcement by electro-osmosis method[J]Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2017,51(6):1064-1073(in Chinese))
[18]Alshawabkeh A N,Gale R J,Ozsu-Acar E,et al.Optimization of 2-D electrode configuration for electrokinetic remediation[J].Journal of Soil Contamination,1999,8(6):617-635
[19]Tao Y,Zhou J,Gong X,et al.Electro-osmotic dehydration of Hangzhou sludge with selected electrode arrangements[J].Drying Technology,2016,34(1):66-75
[20]庄艳峰,王钊.电渗固结中的界面电阻问题[J].岩土力学,2004,25(1):117-120(Zhuang Yanfeng,Wang Zhao.Study on interface electric resistance of electro-osmotic consolidation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(1):117-120(in Chinese))
[21]王海清,海晓丹,宫慧范.关于竖向加筋和抽?排水及反滤土工合成材料产品的研制及其应用的探讨[C]//第八届中国土工合成材料学术会议论文集.北京:人民交通出版社,2012:358-360
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