玉米抗倒性研究进展
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摘要
玉米倒伏严重影响产量、品质及机械化收获。通过育种和栽培方式提高抗倒性,对玉米丰产稳产尤为重要。本文综述玉米茎秆力学特性、化学成分、植株形态结构等对个体抗倒性的影响,栽培措施和病虫害对群体抗倒性的调控及玉米茎秆性状的遗传特性,展望未来提高玉米抗倒性的技术途径。
Maize lodging seriously affected grain yield, quality and mechanized harvest. Thus improving the lodging resistance of maize through breeding new hybrids and improving cultural technology is particularly important for the high-stable grain yield of maize. We reviewed the influences of physical properties, chemical composi-tions and morphological traits of maize plant on individual lodging resistance, as well as the regulation measures ofcultivation, diseases and pests on population lodging resistance and the genetic characteristics of maize stalks.Then, the technological approaches for improving maize lodging resistance are discussed.
Maize lodging seriously affected grain yield, quality and mechanized harvest. Thus improving the lodging resistance of maize through breeding new hybrids and improving cultural technology is particularly important for the high-stable grain yield of maize. We reviewed the influences of physical properties, chemical composi-tions and morphological traits of maize plant on individual lodging resistance, as well as the regulation measures ofcultivation, diseases and pests on population lodging resistance and the genetic characteristics of maize stalks.Then, the technological approaches for improving maize lodging resistance are discussed.
引文
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[3]Lang Y,Yang X,Wang M,et al.Effects of lodging at different filling stages on rice yield and grain quality[J].Rice Science,2012,19(4):315-319.
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[5]齐飞,朱明,周新群,等.农业工程与中国农业现代化相互关系分析[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(1):1-10.Qi F,Zhu M,Zhou X Q,et al.Relationship analysis between agricultural engineering and agricultural modernization in China[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2015,31(1):1-10.(in Chinese)
[6]徐丽娜,黄收兵,陶洪斌,等.不同氮肥模式对夏玉米冠层结构及部分生理和农艺性状的影响[J].作物学报,2012,38(2):301-306.Xu L N,Huang S B,Tao H B,et al.Effects of different nitrogen regimes on canopy structure and partial physiological and agronomic traits in summer maize[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2012,38(2):301-306.(in Chinese)
[7]张倩,张明才,刘明,等.氮肥-生长调节剂对寒地春玉米植株形态及产量的互作效应研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2014,19(5):29-37.Zhang Q,Zhang M C,Liu M,et al.Interaction of nitrogen fertilizer and plant growth regular on plant morphology and yield in spring maize of cold region[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2014,19(5):29-37.(in Chinese)
[8]苌建峰,张海红,李鸿萍,等.不同行距配置方式对夏玉米冠层结构和群体抗性的影响[J].作物学报,2016,42(1):104-112.Chang J F,Zhang H H,Li H P,et al.Effects of different row spaces on canopy structure and resistance of summer maize[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2016,42(1):104-112.(in Chinese)
[9]刘胜群,刘铁东,宋凤斌,等.行向和种植方式对玉米穗下节间与茎倒伏相关性状的影响[J].土壤与作物,2016,5(3):159-165.Liu S Q,Liu T D,Song F B,et al.Effects of row orientation and planting pattern on traits associated with stem lodging in maize[J].Soils and Crops,2016,5(3):159-165.(in Chinese)
[10]丰光,景希强,李妍妍,等.玉米茎秆性状与倒伏性的相关和通径分析[J].华北农学报,2010,25(z1):72-74.Feng G,Jing X Q,Li Y Y,et al.Correlation and path analysis of lodging resistance with maize stem characters[J].Acta Agricultural Boreali-Sinica.2010,25(zl):72-74.(in Chinese)
[11]刘卫星,王晨阳,王强,等.不同玉米品种茎秆抗倒特性及其与产量的关系[J].河南农业科学,2015,44(7):17-21.Liu W X,Wang C Y,Wang Q,et al.Stalk lodging-resistance property and its correlation with yield among different maize varieties[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,2015,44(7):17-21.(in Chinese)
[12]程富丽,杜雄,刘梦星,等.玉米倒伏及其对产量的影响[J].玉米科学,2011,19(1):105-108.Cheng F L,Du X,Liu M X,et al.Lodging of summer maize and the effects on grain yield[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2011,19(1):105-108.(in Chinese)
[13]Liu S Q,Song F B,Liu F L,et al.Effect of planting density on root lodging resistance and its relationship to nodal root growth characteristics in maize(Zea mays L.)[J].Journal of Agricultural Science,2012,4(12):182-189.
[14]潘庆民,韩兴国,白永飞,等.植物非结构性贮藏碳水化合物的生理生态学研究进展[J].植物学通报,2002,19(1):30-38.Pan Q M,Han X G,Bai Y F,et al.Advances in physiology and ecology studies on stored non-structure carbohydrates in plants[J].Chinese Bulletin of Borany,2002,19(1):30-38.(in Chinese)
[15]勾玲,黄建军,张宾,等.群体密度对玉米茎秆抗倒力学和农艺性状的影响[J].作物学报,2007,33(10):1688-1695.Gou L,Huang J J,Zhang B,et al.Effects of population density on stalk lodging resistance mechanism and agronomic characteristics of maize[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2007,33(10):1688-1695.(in Chinese)
[16]Sheri A.M,Darrah L L,Hibbard B E.Divergent selection for rind penetrometer resistance and its effects on European corn borer damage and stalk traits in corn[J].Crop Science,2004,44:711-717.
[17]Kamran M,Ahmad I,Wang H,et al.Mepiquat chloride application increases lodging resistance of maize by enhancing stem physical strength and lignin biosynthesis[J].Field Crops Research,2018,224:148-159.
[18]Pedersen J F,Vogel K P,Funnell D L.Impact of reduced lignin on plant fitness[J].Crop Science,2005,45(3):812-819.
[19]Appenzeller L,Doblin M,Barreiro R,et al.Cellulose synthesis in maize isolation and expression analysis of the cellulose synthase gene family[J].Cellulose,2004,11:287-299.
[20]王庭杰,张亮,韩琼,等.玉米茎秆细胞壁和组织构建对抗压强度的影响[J].植物科学学报,2015,33(1):109-115.Wang T J,Zhang L,Han Q,et al.Effects of stalk cell wall and tissue on the compressive strength of maize[J].Plant Science Journal,2015,33(1):109-115.(in Chinese)
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