二连盆地乌兰察布坳陷西部赛汉塔拉组下段砂岩型铀矿成矿模式
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摘要
二连盆地乌兰察布坳陷西部砂岩型铀矿勘查中新发现了深部层位的工业铀矿化,但其时代归属尚不明确。经沉积学和层序地层学研究发现,乌兰察布坳陷西部赛汉塔拉组发育三级层序A(赛汉塔拉组下段层序)和层序B(赛汉塔拉组上段层序)。在层序A中还可以划分出低位体系域(LST)、湖扩体系域(EST)和高位体系域(HST)。以往二连盆地砂岩型铀矿主要产于层序A的HST和层序B的LST;而经古生物、岩石地层和层序地层学对比研究发现,乌兰察布坳陷西部新发现的工业铀矿化产于层序A的LST。层序A的LST的成矿能力取决于含煤岩系还原介质和骨架砂体的规模。辫状河三角洲沉积体系中的辫状分流河道砂体是最有利的铀储层。沿富铀的卫境岩体形成近百米至千米间断发育的潜水-层间氧化带,成矿过程可分为早白垩世沉积期铀的预富集、晚白垩世至古近纪古新世成矿作用、古近纪始新世至第四纪保矿3个阶段,最终建立"断拗控砂体-反转控氧化-还原控矿体"三位一体成矿模式。将新发现的工业铀矿化层厘定为层序A的LST,拓展了二连盆地乌兰察布坳陷西部找矿前景。
Industrial uranium mineralization in deep strata has been newly discovered during the exploration of sandstone-type uranium deposits in Western Wulanchabu Depression,Erlian Basin,but its age attribution is still unclear.Sedimentary and sequence stratigraphy studies show that three-stage sequence A(lower Seihantala sequence)and sequence B(upper Seihantala sequence)are developed in the Saihantala Formation in Western Ulanchabu Depression.Sequence A can also be divided into low system tract(LST),lake spreading system tract(EST)and high system tract(HST).In the past,sandstone-type uranium deposits in Erlian basin were mainly produced in HST of sequence A and LST of sequence B,while the newly discovered industrial uranium mineralization in the western part of Wulanchabu depression was found in LST of sequence A through the paleontological,lithostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic comparative studies.The LST metallogenic ability of sequence A depends on the size of reducing medium and skeleton sand body of coal-bearing rock series.The braided distributary channel sand body in braided river delta sedimentary system is the most favorable uranium reservoir.Nearly 100 kilometers of intermittent phreatic-interlayer oxidation zone was formed along the uranium-rich satellite rocks.The uranium metallogenic process can be divided into three stages:the pre-enrichment of uranium during early Cretaceous sedimentary period,the metallogenic process from late Cretaceous to Paleogene Paleocene,and the preservation of uranium from Paleogene Eocene to Quaternary.Finally,a trinity metallogenic model of " fault-controlled sand body-reverse-controlled oxidation-reduction-controlled ore body" has been established in this paper.The newly discovered industrial uranium mineralization layer is defined as LST of sequence A,which expands prospecting prospects in the western part of Ulanchabu Depression,Erlian Basin.
Industrial uranium mineralization in deep strata has been newly discovered during the exploration of sandstone-type uranium deposits in Western Wulanchabu Depression,Erlian Basin,but its age attribution is still unclear.Sedimentary and sequence stratigraphy studies show that three-stage sequence A(lower Seihantala sequence)and sequence B(upper Seihantala sequence)are developed in the Saihantala Formation in Western Ulanchabu Depression.Sequence A can also be divided into low system tract(LST),lake spreading system tract(EST)and high system tract(HST).In the past,sandstone-type uranium deposits in Erlian basin were mainly produced in HST of sequence A and LST of sequence B,while the newly discovered industrial uranium mineralization in the western part of Wulanchabu depression was found in LST of sequence A through the paleontological,lithostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic comparative studies.The LST metallogenic ability of sequence A depends on the size of reducing medium and skeleton sand body of coal-bearing rock series.The braided distributary channel sand body in braided river delta sedimentary system is the most favorable uranium reservoir.Nearly 100 kilometers of intermittent phreatic-interlayer oxidation zone was formed along the uranium-rich satellite rocks.The uranium metallogenic process can be divided into three stages:the pre-enrichment of uranium during early Cretaceous sedimentary period,the metallogenic process from late Cretaceous to Paleogene Paleocene,and the preservation of uranium from Paleogene Eocene to Quaternary.Finally,a trinity metallogenic model of " fault-controlled sand body-reverse-controlled oxidation-reduction-controlled ore body" has been established in this paper.The newly discovered industrial uranium mineralization layer is defined as LST of sequence A,which expands prospecting prospects in the western part of Ulanchabu Depression,Erlian Basin.
引文
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焦贵浩.二连裂谷构造演化与油气[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.JIAO Guihao.Structural Evolution and Oil and Gas in Erlian Rift[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2003.
凡秀君,聂逢君,陈益平,等.二连盆地巴彦乌拉地区砂岩型铀矿含矿地层时代与古地理环境探讨[J].铀矿地质,2008,24(3):272-279.FAN Xiujun,NIE Fengjun,CHEN Yiping,et al.Discussion on age and paleo geographical environment of ore bearing strata for sandstone-type uranium deposits in Bayanwula area,Erlian basin[J].Uranium Geology,2008,24(3):272-279.
BUREAU of Geology,CNNC.Sandstone-type Uranium Deposits in China:Geology and Exploration Techniques[M].Beijing:Atomic Energy Press,2002.
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JIAO Y Q,WU L Q,WANG M F,et al.Forecasting the occurrence of sandstone-type uranium deposits by spatial analysis:An example from the northeastern Ordos Basin,China.In:Mao,Bierlein(Eds).Mineral Deposit Research:Meeting the Global Challenge[M].Berlin Heidelberg:Springer-Verlag,2005,273-275.
KEEN C E,Dehler A.Stretching and subsidence:ring of conjugate marginsin the North Atlantic region[J].Tectonics,1993,12(5):1219-1229.
LARNBIASE J J.Model for tectonic control of lacustime stratigraphic sequences in continental rift basins.In:KatLB J,ed.Lacaatrine basin exploration[J].AAPGMemoir,1990,50:265-276.
MAITHANI P B,TANEJA P C,SINGH Rajendra.A sandstone-type uranium deposits at Phlangdiloin,West Khasi Hills,Meghalaya,India[J].Journal of Atomic Mineral Science,1995,(3):55-60.
马新华,肖安成.内蒙古二连盆地的构造反转历史[J].西南石油学院学报,2000,22(2):1-4.MA Xinhua,XIAO Ancheng.History of tectonic,et al.inversion in Erlian Basin,Inner Mongolia[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute,2000,22(2):1-4.
蔡希源.中国油气区反转构造[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001.CAI Xiyuan.Reversal Structures in China’s Oil and Gas Areas[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2001.
鲁超,焦养泉,彭云彪,等.二连盆地马尼特坳陷西部幕式裂陷作用对铀成矿的影响[J].地质学报,2016,90(12):3483-3491.LU Chao,JIAO Yangquan,PENG Yunbiao,et al.Episodic rifting and sandstone-type uranium deposits in Western Manite Depression in Erlian Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2016,90(12):3483-3491.
鲁超,彭云彪,刘鑫扬,等.二连盆地马尼特坳陷西部砂岩型铀矿成矿的沉积学背景[J].铀矿地质,2013,29(6):351-356.LU Chao,PENG Yunbiao,LIU Xinyang,et al.Tectonic and sedimentological backgrounds of sandstone-type uranium deposits in Western Manite Depression in Erlian Basin[J].Uranium Geology,2013,29(6):351-356.
林畅松,张燕梅,李思田,等.中国东部中新生代断陷盆地幕式裂陷过程的动力学响应和模拟模型[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2004,29(5):583-588.LIN Changsong,ZHANG Yanmei,LI Sitian,et al.Episodic Rifting Dynamic Process and Quantitative Model of Mesozoic-Cenozoic Faulted Basins in Eastern China[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2004,29(5):583-588.
严德天,王华,王清晨.中国东部第三系典型断陷盆地幕式构造旋回及层序地层特征[J].石油学报,2008,29(2):185-190.YAN Detian,WANG Hua,WANG Qingchen.Episodic Tectonic Cycles and Sequence Pattern of the Teritary Rifted Basin of East China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(2):185-190.
李思田.沉积盆地分析基础与应用[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2004.LI Sitian.Basis and Application of Sedimentary Basin Analysis[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2004.
杜金虎.二连盆地隐蔽油藏勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.DU Jinhu.Exploration of subtle reservoirs in Erlian Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2003.
祝玉衡,张文朝.二连盆地下白垩统沉积相及含油性[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.ZHU Yuheng,ZHANG Wenzhao.The Sedimentary Facies and Oil-bearing Properties of the Lower Cretaceous in Erlian Basin[M].Beijing:Science Press,2000.
卫三元,秦明宽.二连盆地晚中生代以来构造沉积演化与铀成矿作用[J].铀矿地质,2006,22(2):76-81.WEI Sanyuan,Qin Mingkuan.Structural Sedimentary Evolution and Uranium Mineralization since the Late Mesozoic in Erlian Basin[J].Uranium Geology,2006,22(2):76-81.
焦贵浩.二连裂谷构造演化与油气[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.JIAO Guihao.Structural Evolution and Oil and Gas in Erlian Rift[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2003.
凡秀君,聂逢君,陈益平,等.二连盆地巴彦乌拉地区砂岩型铀矿含矿地层时代与古地理环境探讨[J].铀矿地质,2008,24(3):272-279.FAN Xiujun,NIE Fengjun,CHEN Yiping,et al.Discussion on age and paleo geographical environment of ore bearing strata for sandstone-type uranium deposits in Bayanwula area,Erlian basin[J].Uranium Geology,2008,24(3):272-279.
BUREAU of Geology,CNNC.Sandstone-type Uranium Deposits in China:Geology and Exploration Techniques[M].Beijing:Atomic Energy Press,2002.
FRANZ JD.Uranium Ore Deposits[M].Berlin Heidelberg:Springer-Verlag,1993,250-319.
GALLOWAY W E.Siliciclastic Slop and Base-of-slope Depositional System:Component Facies,Stratigraphic Architecture and Classification[J].AAPG Bulletin,1998,82(4):569-595.
JIAO Y Q,WU L Q,WANG M F,et al.Forecasting the occurrence of sandstone-type uranium deposits by spatial analysis:An example from the northeastern Ordos Basin,China.In:Mao,Bierlein(Eds).Mineral Deposit Research:Meeting the Global Challenge[M].Berlin Heidelberg:Springer-Verlag,2005,273-275.
KEEN C E,Dehler A.Stretching and subsidence:ring of conjugate marginsin the North Atlantic region[J].Tectonics,1993,12(5):1219-1229.
LARNBIASE J J.Model for tectonic control of lacustime stratigraphic sequences in continental rift basins.In:KatLB J,ed.Lacaatrine basin exploration[J].AAPGMemoir,1990,50:265-276.
MAITHANI P B,TANEJA P C,SINGH Rajendra.A sandstone-type uranium deposits at Phlangdiloin,West Khasi Hills,Meghalaya,India[J].Journal of Atomic Mineral Science,1995,(3):55-60.
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