利用人工湿地去除农业径流中农药的研究进展
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摘要
人工湿地对农业径流污染物去除效果显著,已成为控制农业径流污染的有效措施.本文结合国内外研究,介绍了当前水体农药污染的现状;从物理、化学及生物角度阐述了人工湿地对农药的去除机理和关键过程;归纳总结了人工湿地对农药的去除效率,指出人工湿地对农药的去除效率随农药类型的不同而差异较大:农药的平均去除率,按农药用途分为杀虫剂>杀菌剂>除草剂,按农药化学结构分为拟除虫菊酯类>有机磷类>三唑类>酰胺类>三嗪类>脲类;综合考虑,潜流人工湿地在农药去除方面的效果优于表面流人工湿地.在此基础上分析了农药理化性质、人工湿地工艺类型及运行参数、进水中农药浓度、湿地植物等因素对农药在人工湿地中去除的影响.最后指出了当前研究中存在的问题,并提出了研究展望.
Constructed wetlands(CWs) performs excellently in removing pollutants from agricultural runoff, and thus have been widely used as an effective measure to control agricultural runoff pollution. Based on reviews on domestic and overseas literature, we introduced the current situation of water bodies polluted by pesticides. The removal mechanisms of pesticides by CWs were elucidated according to physical, chemical and biological processes, and the main processes were discussed in detail. The removal efficiency of pesticides in CWs vary greatly with pesticide types. Based on their uses, the average removal efficiency of pesticides are in the order of insecticides > fungicides > herbicides. According to their chemical constitution, they follow the order of pyrethroid > organopho-sphorus > triazole > amide > triazine > ureas. Considering comprehensively, subsurface flow CWs perform better than surface flow CWs in removing pesticides. Furthermore, the effects of the physicochemical properties of pesticides, the types and operating parameters of CWs, pesticides concentration in influent, as well as vegetation on the removal of pesticides in CWs were also analyzed. Finally, problems in the current research and the future application of CWs in treating pesticides were discussed.
Constructed wetlands(CWs) performs excellently in removing pollutants from agricultural runoff, and thus have been widely used as an effective measure to control agricultural runoff pollution. Based on reviews on domestic and overseas literature, we introduced the current situation of water bodies polluted by pesticides. The removal mechanisms of pesticides by CWs were elucidated according to physical, chemical and biological processes, and the main processes were discussed in detail. The removal efficiency of pesticides in CWs vary greatly with pesticide types. Based on their uses, the average removal efficiency of pesticides are in the order of insecticides > fungicides > herbicides. According to their chemical constitution, they follow the order of pyrethroid > organopho-sphorus > triazole > amide > triazine > ureas. Considering comprehensively, subsurface flow CWs perform better than surface flow CWs in removing pesticides. Furthermore, the effects of the physicochemical properties of pesticides, the types and operating parameters of CWs, pesticides concentration in influent, as well as vegetation on the removal of pesticides in CWs were also analyzed. Finally, problems in the current research and the future application of CWs in treating pesticides were discussed.
引文
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[3]Araa J,Garriga ICC,Fernández RC,et al.Combining Ti O2-photocatalysis and wetland reactors for the efficient treatment of pesticides.Chemosphere,2008,71:788-794
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[32]Gregoire C,Elsaesser D,Huguenot D,et al.Mitigation of agricultural nonpoint-source pesticide pollution in artificial wetland ecosystems.Environmental Chemistry Letters,2009,7:205-231
[33]Chen P-J(陈沛君),Wang T-T(王团团),Yang Y(杨扬).Advance in Constructed Wetlands for Nonpersistent Pesticides Control.Wetland Science(湿地科学),2014,12(6):796-806(in Chinese)
[34]Wei H-L(魏海林),Li Y-M(李咏梅).Research progress of pesticides removal in agricultural runoff by constructed wetlands.Water&Wastewater Engineering(给水排水),2009(suppl.2):219-222(in Chinese)
[35]Gikas GD,Pérez-Villanueva M,Tsioras M,et al.Lowcost approaches for the removal of terbuthylazine from agricultural wastewater:Constructed wetlands and biopurification system.Chemical Engineering Journal,2017,335:647-656
[36]Wu J,Feng YQ,Dai YR,et al.Biological mechanisms associated with triazophos(TAP)removal by horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands(HSFCW).Science of the Total Environment,2016,553:13-19
[37]Budd R,O’Geen A,Goh KS,et al.Efficacy of constructed wetlands in pesticide removal from tailwaters in the central valley,California.Environmental Science&Technology,2009,43:2925-2930
[38]Mahabali S,Spanoghe P.Mitigation of two insecticides by wetland plants:Feasibility study for the treatment of agricultural runoff in Suriname(South America).Water,Air&Soil Pollution,2014,225:1771
[39]Imfeld G,Braeckevelt M,Kuschk P,et al.Monitoring and assessing processes of organic chemicals removal in constructed wetlands.Chemosphere,2009,74:349-362
[40]Budd R,O’Geen A,Goh KS,et al.Removal mechanisms and fate of insecticides in constructed wetlands.Chemosphere,2011,83:1581-1587
[41]Ou X-M(欧晓明).Hydrolysis and its influencing factors of pesticides in environment:A review.Ecology and Environment(生态环境),2006,15(6):1352-1359(in Chinese)
[42]Maillard E,Lange J,Schreiber S,et al.Dissipation of hydrological tracers and the herbicide S-metolachlor in batch and continuous-flow wetlands.Chemosphere,2016,144:2489-2496
[43]Lin T,Wen Y,Jiang LY,et al.Study of atrazine degradation in subsurface flow constructed wetland under different salinity.Chemosphere,2008,72:122-128
[44]Schulz R,Peall SKC,Hugo C,et al.Concentration,load and toxicity of spraydrift-borne azinphos-methyl at the inlet and outlet of a constructed wetland.Ecological Engineering,2001,18:239-245
[45]Schulz R,Peall SKC.Effectiveness of a constructed wetland for retention of nonpoint-source pesticide pollution in the Lourens River catchment,South Africa.Environmental Science&Technology,2001,35:422-426
[46]Blankenberg AGB,Braskerud B,Haarstad K.Pesticide retention in two small constructed wetlands:Treating non-point source pollution from agriculture runoff.International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry,2006,86:225-231
[47]Rose MT,Sanchez-Bayo F,Crossan AN,et al.Pesticide removal from cotton farm tailwater by a pilot-scale ponded wetland.Chemosphere,2006,63:1849-1858
[48]Locke MA,Weaver MA,Zablotowicz RM,et al.Constructed wetlands as a component of the agricultural landscape:Mitigation of herbicides in simulated runoff from upland drainage areas.Chemosphere,2011,83:1532-1538
[49]Wilson PC,Lu H,Lin YJ.Norflurazon and simazine removal from surface water using a constructed wetland.Bulletin of Environmental Contamination&Toxicology,2011,87:426-430
[50]Page D,Dillon P,Mueller J,et al.Quantification of herbicide removal in a constructed wetland using passive samplers and composite water quality monitoring.Chemosphere,2010,81:394-399
[51]Agudelo CRM,Jaramillo ML,Pe1uela G.Comparison of the removal of chlorpyrifos and dissolved organic carbon in horizontal sub-surface and surface flow wetlands.Science of the Total Environment,2012,431:271-277
[52]Moore MT,Locke MA,Krger R.Mitigation of atrazine,S-metolachlor,and diazinon using common emergent aquatic vegetation.Journal of Environmental Sciences,2017,56:114-121
[53]Wu J,Li Z,Wu L,et al.Triazophos(TAP)removal in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands(HSC-Ws)and its accumulation in plants and substrates.Scientific Reports,2017,7:5468,doi:10.1038/s41598-017-05874-0
[54]Lv T,Carvalho PN,Zhang L,et al.Functionality of microbial communities in constructed wetlands used for pesticide remediation:Influence of system design and sampling strategy.Water Research,2017,110:241-251
[55]Dordio A,Carvalho AJP.Constructed wetlands with light expanded clay aggregates for agricultural wastewater treatment.Science of the Total Environment,2013,463-464:454-461
[56]Elsayed OF,Maillard E,Vuilleumier S,et al.Bacterial communities in batch and continuous-flow wetlands treating the herbicide S-metolachlor.Science of the Total Environment,2014,499:327-335
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[60]Moore MT,Cooper CM,Smith S,et al.Mitigation of two pyrethroid insecticides in a Mississippi Delta constructed wetland.Environmental Pollution,2009,157:250-256
[2]Chen ZB,Chen Y,Vymazal J,et al.Dynamics of chloroacetanilide herbicides in various types of mesocosm wetlands.Science of the Total Environment,2017,577:386-394
[3]Araa J,Garriga ICC,Fernández RC,et al.Combining Ti O2-photocatalysis and wetland reactors for the efficient treatment of pesticides.Chemosphere,2008,71:788-794
[4]Papadakis EN,Tsaboula A,Vryzas Z,et al.Pesticides in the rivers and streams of two river basins in northern Greece.Science of the Total Environment,2018,624:732-743
[5]Zhou Y-M(周一明),Zhao H-Y(赵鸿云),Liu S(刘珊),et al.Research progress of pesticide pollution and degradation pathway in water.Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin(中国农学通报),2018,34(9):141-145(in Chinese)
[6]Tang XY,Yang Y,Tao R,et al.Fate of mixed pesticides in an integrated recirculating constructed wetland(IRCW).Science of the Total Environment,2016,571:935-942
[7]Runes HB,Jenkins JJ,Moore JA,et al.Treatment of atrazine in nursery irrigation runoff by a constructed wetland.Water Research,2003,37:539-550
[8]Passeport E,Tournebize J,Chaumont C,et al.Pesticide contamination interception strategy and removal efficiency in forest buffer and artificial wetland in a tiledrained agricultural watershed.Chemosphere,2013,91:1289-1296
[9]Maillard E,Payraudeau S,Faivre E,et al.Removal of pesticide mixtures in a stormwater wetland collecting runoff from a vineyard catchment.Science of the Total Environment,2011,409:2317-2324
[10]Papadakis EN,Tsaboula A,Kotopoulou A,et al.Pesticides in the surface waters of Lake Vistonis Basin,Greece:Occurrence and environmental risk assessment.Science of the Total Environment,2015,536:793-802
[11]Cheng SP,Vidakovic-Cifrek Z,Grosse W,et al.Xenobiotics removal from polluted water by a multifunctional constructed wetland.Chemosphere,2002,48:415-418
[12]Papaevangelou VA,Gikas GD,Vryzas Z,et al.Treatment of agricultural equipment rinsing water containing a fungicide in pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands.Ecological Engineering,2017,101:193-200
[13]Moore MT,Rodgers JH,Cooper CM,et al.Constructed wetlands for mitigation of atrazine-associated agricultural runoff.Environmental Pollution,2000,110:393-399
[14]Lyu T,Zhang L,Xu X,et al.Removal of the pesticide tebuconazole in constructed wetlands:Design comparison,influencing factors and modelling.Environmental Pollution,2018,233:71-80
[15]Gikas GD,Vryzas Z,Tsihrintzis VA.S-metolachlor herbicide removal in pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands.Chemical Engineering Journal,2018,339:108-116
[16]Moore MT,Tyler HL,Locke MA.Aqueous pesticide mitigation efficiency of Typha latifolia(L.),Leersia oryzoides(L.)Sw.,and Sparganium americanum Nutt.Chemosphere,2013,92:1307-1313
[17]Hildebrandt A,Guillamón M,Lacorte S,et al.Impact of pesticides used in agriculture and vineyards to surface and groundwater quality(North Spain).Water Research,2008,42:3315-3326
[18]Wang H,Qu B,Liu H,et al.Analysis of organochlorine pesticides in surface water of the Songhua River using magnetoliposomes as adsorbents coupled with GC-MS/MS detection.Science of the Total Environment,2018,618:70-79
[19]Wang H-X(王会霞),Ma Y-L(马玉龙),Li G-Y(李光耀),et al.Levels and distribution of organochlorine pesticides in surface water and sediments from the Yellow River Basin.Environmental Science&Technology(环境科学与技术),2017,40(11):160-166(in Chinese)
[20]Zhang M(张明),Hua R-M(花日茂),Li X-D(李学德),et al.Distribution and composition of organochlorine pesticides in surface water body of Chaohu Lake.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2010,21(1):209-214(in Chinese)
[21]Wang J-W(王建伟),Zhang C-X(张彩香),Pan Z-Z(潘真真),et al.Distribution characteristics and influencing factors of organophosphorus pesticides in Jianghan plain groundwater.China Environmental Science(中国环境科学),2016,36(10):3089-3098(in Chinese)
[22]Li Y-Y(李永玉),Hong H-S(洪华生),Wang X-H(王新红),et al.Estimation of the sources of organophosphorus pesticides in Xiamen Sea area.Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae(环境科学学报),2005,25(8):1071-1077(in Chinese)
[23]Zhou M(周慜),Shi L(石雷),Li Q-S(李取生),et al.The concentration and seasonal variation of organophosphorus pesticides in the Pearl River estuary.China Environmental Science(中国环境科学),2013,33(2):312-318(in Chinese)
[24]Xu X(徐雄),Li C-M(李春梅),Sun J(孙静),et al.Residue characteristics and ecological risk assessment of twenty-nine pesticides in surface water of major river-basin in China.Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology(生态毒理学报),2016,11(2):347-354(in Chinese)
[25]Yu Z-Y(于志勇),Jin F(金芬),Li H-Y(李红岩),et al.Residual levels of acetochlor in source water and drinking water of China’s major cities.Environmental Science(环境科学),2014,35(5):1694-1697(in Chinese)
[26]Cao X-X(曹笑笑),Lv X-G(吕宪国),Zhang Z-S(张仲胜),et al.Research progress on the design of constructed wetlands.Wetland Science(湿地科学),2013,11(1):121-128(in Chinese)
[27]Vymazal J,B珋rezinovT.The use of constructed wetlands for removal of pesticides from agricultural runoff and drainage:A review.Environment International,2015,75:11-20
[28]Moore MT,Rodgers JH,Smith S,et al.Mitigation of metolachlor-associated agricultural runoff using constructed wetlands in Mississippi,USA.Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,2001,84:169-176
[29]Moore MT,Schulz R,Cooper CM,et al.Mitigation of chlorpyrifos runoff using constructed wetlands.Chemosphere,2002,46:827-835
[30]Pappalardo SE,Otto S,Gasparini V,et al.Mitigation of herbicide runoff as an ecosystem service from a constructed surface flow wetland.Hydrobiologia,2016,774:193-202
[31]Agudelo RM,Pe1uela G,Aguirre NJ,et al.Simultaneous removal of chlorpyrifos and dissolved organic carbon using horizontal sub-surface flow pilot wetlands.Ecological Engineering,2010,36:1401-1408
[32]Gregoire C,Elsaesser D,Huguenot D,et al.Mitigation of agricultural nonpoint-source pesticide pollution in artificial wetland ecosystems.Environmental Chemistry Letters,2009,7:205-231
[33]Chen P-J(陈沛君),Wang T-T(王团团),Yang Y(杨扬).Advance in Constructed Wetlands for Nonpersistent Pesticides Control.Wetland Science(湿地科学),2014,12(6):796-806(in Chinese)
[34]Wei H-L(魏海林),Li Y-M(李咏梅).Research progress of pesticides removal in agricultural runoff by constructed wetlands.Water&Wastewater Engineering(给水排水),2009(suppl.2):219-222(in Chinese)
[35]Gikas GD,Pérez-Villanueva M,Tsioras M,et al.Lowcost approaches for the removal of terbuthylazine from agricultural wastewater:Constructed wetlands and biopurification system.Chemical Engineering Journal,2017,335:647-656
[36]Wu J,Feng YQ,Dai YR,et al.Biological mechanisms associated with triazophos(TAP)removal by horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands(HSFCW).Science of the Total Environment,2016,553:13-19
[37]Budd R,O’Geen A,Goh KS,et al.Efficacy of constructed wetlands in pesticide removal from tailwaters in the central valley,California.Environmental Science&Technology,2009,43:2925-2930
[38]Mahabali S,Spanoghe P.Mitigation of two insecticides by wetland plants:Feasibility study for the treatment of agricultural runoff in Suriname(South America).Water,Air&Soil Pollution,2014,225:1771
[39]Imfeld G,Braeckevelt M,Kuschk P,et al.Monitoring and assessing processes of organic chemicals removal in constructed wetlands.Chemosphere,2009,74:349-362
[40]Budd R,O’Geen A,Goh KS,et al.Removal mechanisms and fate of insecticides in constructed wetlands.Chemosphere,2011,83:1581-1587
[41]Ou X-M(欧晓明).Hydrolysis and its influencing factors of pesticides in environment:A review.Ecology and Environment(生态环境),2006,15(6):1352-1359(in Chinese)
[42]Maillard E,Lange J,Schreiber S,et al.Dissipation of hydrological tracers and the herbicide S-metolachlor in batch and continuous-flow wetlands.Chemosphere,2016,144:2489-2496
[43]Lin T,Wen Y,Jiang LY,et al.Study of atrazine degradation in subsurface flow constructed wetland under different salinity.Chemosphere,2008,72:122-128
[44]Schulz R,Peall SKC,Hugo C,et al.Concentration,load and toxicity of spraydrift-borne azinphos-methyl at the inlet and outlet of a constructed wetland.Ecological Engineering,2001,18:239-245
[45]Schulz R,Peall SKC.Effectiveness of a constructed wetland for retention of nonpoint-source pesticide pollution in the Lourens River catchment,South Africa.Environmental Science&Technology,2001,35:422-426
[46]Blankenberg AGB,Braskerud B,Haarstad K.Pesticide retention in two small constructed wetlands:Treating non-point source pollution from agriculture runoff.International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry,2006,86:225-231
[47]Rose MT,Sanchez-Bayo F,Crossan AN,et al.Pesticide removal from cotton farm tailwater by a pilot-scale ponded wetland.Chemosphere,2006,63:1849-1858
[48]Locke MA,Weaver MA,Zablotowicz RM,et al.Constructed wetlands as a component of the agricultural landscape:Mitigation of herbicides in simulated runoff from upland drainage areas.Chemosphere,2011,83:1532-1538
[49]Wilson PC,Lu H,Lin YJ.Norflurazon and simazine removal from surface water using a constructed wetland.Bulletin of Environmental Contamination&Toxicology,2011,87:426-430
[50]Page D,Dillon P,Mueller J,et al.Quantification of herbicide removal in a constructed wetland using passive samplers and composite water quality monitoring.Chemosphere,2010,81:394-399
[51]Agudelo CRM,Jaramillo ML,Pe1uela G.Comparison of the removal of chlorpyrifos and dissolved organic carbon in horizontal sub-surface and surface flow wetlands.Science of the Total Environment,2012,431:271-277
[52]Moore MT,Locke MA,Krger R.Mitigation of atrazine,S-metolachlor,and diazinon using common emergent aquatic vegetation.Journal of Environmental Sciences,2017,56:114-121
[53]Wu J,Li Z,Wu L,et al.Triazophos(TAP)removal in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands(HSC-Ws)and its accumulation in plants and substrates.Scientific Reports,2017,7:5468,doi:10.1038/s41598-017-05874-0
[54]Lv T,Carvalho PN,Zhang L,et al.Functionality of microbial communities in constructed wetlands used for pesticide remediation:Influence of system design and sampling strategy.Water Research,2017,110:241-251
[55]Dordio A,Carvalho AJP.Constructed wetlands with light expanded clay aggregates for agricultural wastewater treatment.Science of the Total Environment,2013,463-464:454-461
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