秸秆中钾元素对生物质成灰特性的影响研究
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摘要
为研究秸秆中钾元素对生物质成灰特性的影响,利用马弗炉制取玉米秸秆灰样,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)及灰熔点测试仪对灰样进行分析,并分别研究K_2CO_3和KOH对灰熔融特性的影响。结果表明,由于生物质在燃烧过程中有机物的燃烧和挥发份的析出,及K元素在高温条件下易析出并主要以颗粒形式存在于灰的外表面,K元素具有可明显增加粘结性的特点,与Si、Ca氧化物粘结附着于灰表面形成孔洞;高温状态下K_2CO_3、KOH与酸性氧化物反应生成低熔点物质;分析可知钾(K)元素是影响灰熔点的重要因素,酸洗预处理可使灰熔点升高;当秸秆灰中K元素含量约为30%时,灰熔点达到最低值。
To study the effect of kalium element in straw on ash characteristics of biomass,the corn straw ash wasprepared in a muffle furnace,the ashes were analyzed by SEM,EDS and ash fusion point determination meter,and studythe effect of K_2CO_3 and KOH on ash fusion characteristic. The results showed that the combustion of organics andseparate out of volatiles results in the surface of ash generate holes,K element separate out at high temperature andconsist in outside surface in the shape of granule. K element increase cohesiveness and adhere to surface of ash with theoxide of Si and Ca. K_2CO_3 and KOH react with acidic oxide to form low-melting-point matter at high temperature,Kelement is important factor to influence ash fusion point,of the pretreatment acid-washing increases ash fusion point.When the content of K element in ash is 30%,ash fusion point is at a minimum. Moiety of K element volatilize duringcombustion process of biomass as the flue gas.
To study the effect of kalium element in straw on ash characteristics of biomass,the corn straw ash wasprepared in a muffle furnace,the ashes were analyzed by SEM,EDS and ash fusion point determination meter,and studythe effect of K_2CO_3 and KOH on ash fusion characteristic. The results showed that the combustion of organics andseparate out of volatiles results in the surface of ash generate holes,K element separate out at high temperature andconsist in outside surface in the shape of granule. K element increase cohesiveness and adhere to surface of ash with theoxide of Si and Ca. K_2CO_3 and KOH react with acidic oxide to form low-melting-point matter at high temperature,Kelement is important factor to influence ash fusion point,of the pretreatment acid-washing increases ash fusion point.When the content of K element in ash is 30%,ash fusion point is at a minimum. Moiety of K element volatilize duringcombustion process of biomass as the flue gas.
引文
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[7]陈拓.甘蔗渣直然利用过程中碱金属迁移研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2014.[7] Chen Tuo. Study on alkali metal transformation behavior during bagasse combustion[D]. Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2014.
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[9]谭力.生物质燃烧过程中碱金属迁移及结渣特性的研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2014.[9] Tan Li. Study on the alkali transformation behavior and slagging characteristics during biomass combustion[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2014.
[10] Chen Chen, Yu Chunjiang, Zhang Hengli, et al.Investigation on K and Cl release and migration in microspatial distribution during rice straw pyrolysis[J]. Fuel,2016,167,180—187.
[11] Tan Hong,Wang Shurong,et al. Experimental study of the effect of acid-washing pretreatment on biomass pyrolysis[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology,2009,37(6):668—672.
[12]张浩.基于灰成分的生物质结渣特性研究[D].济南:山东大学,2010.[12] Zhang Hao. Research of biomass slagging characteristics based on ash composition[D]. Ji’nan:Shandong University,2010.
[13]徐婧.生物质燃烧过程中碱金属析出的实验研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006.[13] Xu Jing. Experimental research on alkali release from biomass combustion[D]. Zhejiang:Zhejiang University,2006.
[2]秦建光,余春江,王勤辉,等.流化床秸秆燃烧技术研究与开发[J].水利电力机械,2006,28(12):1—5.[2] Qin Jianguang,Yu Chunjiang,Wang Qinhui,et al.Development and research of the straw combustion technology for the fluidized bed boiler[J]. Water Conservancy&Electric Power Machinery,2006,28(12):1—5.
[3]马孝琴,骆仲泱,秦建光,等.稻草低温燃烧过程中床料聚团机理的实验研究[J].太阳能学报,2008,29(3):374—378.[3] Ma Xiaoqin,Luo Zhongyang,Qin Jianguang,et al.Mechanism of bed material agglomeration ration for low temperature combustion of rice straw[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2008,29(3):374—378.
[4] Theis M,Skrifvars B J,Zevenhoven M,et al. Fouling tendency of ash resulting from burning mixtures of biofuels. Part 3. Influence of probe surface temperature[J]. Fuel,2006,85(14-15):2002—2011.
[5] Martti A,Gil A,Taipale R,et al. A pilot-scale fireside deposit study of co-firing Cynara with two coals in a fluidised bed[J]. Fuel,2008,87(1):58—69.
[6]李黎.碱金属对生物质燃烧过程中结渣特性影响的研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2011.[6] Li Li. Study of the impact of alkali on slagging during biomass combustion[D]. Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2011.
[7]陈拓.甘蔗渣直然利用过程中碱金属迁移研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2014.[7] Chen Tuo. Study on alkali metal transformation behavior during bagasse combustion[D]. Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2014.
[8]彭钦春.生物质混烧过程中碱金属对成灰特性的影响[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2008.[8] Peng Qinchun. Effect of the alkaline metal’s distribution on ash characteristics during co-combustion of biomass[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science&Technology,2008.
[9]谭力.生物质燃烧过程中碱金属迁移及结渣特性的研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2014.[9] Tan Li. Study on the alkali transformation behavior and slagging characteristics during biomass combustion[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2014.
[10] Chen Chen, Yu Chunjiang, Zhang Hengli, et al.Investigation on K and Cl release and migration in microspatial distribution during rice straw pyrolysis[J]. Fuel,2016,167,180—187.
[11] Tan Hong,Wang Shurong,et al. Experimental study of the effect of acid-washing pretreatment on biomass pyrolysis[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology,2009,37(6):668—672.
[12]张浩.基于灰成分的生物质结渣特性研究[D].济南:山东大学,2010.[12] Zhang Hao. Research of biomass slagging characteristics based on ash composition[D]. Ji’nan:Shandong University,2010.
[13]徐婧.生物质燃烧过程中碱金属析出的实验研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006.[13] Xu Jing. Experimental research on alkali release from biomass combustion[D]. Zhejiang:Zhejiang University,2006.
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