勐海县景观格局变化及驱动因素分析
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摘要
基于2009—2015年4期遥感影像数据,综合运用监督分类和目视修正相结合的方法以及景观格局指数,对勐海县景观格局变化特征及其驱动机制进行了分析。结果表明:2009—2015年,勐海县林地面积减少了134.9 km~2,主要是转换为园地和旱地;农田和水域面积减少了64.14 km~2,主要是转换为旱地、林地和园地;建设用地面积增加了18.92 km~2,主要是由旱地、林地和农田转换而来。林地景观的连通性较好,在总体景观中占主导作用,旱地、园地和水域的景观破碎化程度降低,农田、建设用地的景观破碎度在逐年变高;景观破碎化程度增大,各种景观类型在面积分布上更加均匀;人口增长和经济发展是影响勐海县景观格局变化的主要驱动机制。
Based on the remote sensing image data of 2009 to 2015, the combination of supervised classification and visual correction and the landscape pattern index were used to analyze the changes of landscape pattern and its driving mechanism in Menghai. Results show that from 2009 to 2015, the forest land area of Menghai has decreased by 134.9 km~2, mainly converted into garden land and dry land. The area of farmland and waters has decreased by 64.14 km~2, mainly converted into dry land, woodland and garden land. The construction land area has increased by 18.92 km~2, mainly from dry land, woodland and farmland. The connectivity of the woodland landscape is good, and it plays a leading role in the overall landscape. The degree of landscape fragmentation in drylands, gardens and waters is reduced, and the landscape fragmentation of farmland and construction land is increasing year by year. The degree of landscape fragmentation is increased, and various landscape types are more evenly distributed in area. Population growth and economic development are the main driving mechanisms affecting the landscape pattern change in Menghai.
Based on the remote sensing image data of 2009 to 2015, the combination of supervised classification and visual correction and the landscape pattern index were used to analyze the changes of landscape pattern and its driving mechanism in Menghai. Results show that from 2009 to 2015, the forest land area of Menghai has decreased by 134.9 km~2, mainly converted into garden land and dry land. The area of farmland and waters has decreased by 64.14 km~2, mainly converted into dry land, woodland and garden land. The construction land area has increased by 18.92 km~2, mainly from dry land, woodland and farmland. The connectivity of the woodland landscape is good, and it plays a leading role in the overall landscape. The degree of landscape fragmentation in drylands, gardens and waters is reduced, and the landscape fragmentation of farmland and construction land is increasing year by year. The degree of landscape fragmentation is increased, and various landscape types are more evenly distributed in area. Population growth and economic development are the main driving mechanisms affecting the landscape pattern change in Menghai.
引文
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[14]潘竟虎,苏有才,黄永生,等.近30年玉门市土地利用与景观格局变化及其驱动力[J].地理研究,2012,31(9):1631-1639.
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[17]刘金轲,王世岩,王亮,等.三门峡库区湿地景观格局变化及其驱动力分析[J].人民黄河,2014,36(4):82-85.
[18]张大伟,付世萃,韩姣,等.柳河县近20年森林景观格局动态变化分析[J].西部林业科学,2017,46(6):117-121.
[19]李月辉,吴文,李娜娜,等.森林所有制对景观格局和动物生境的影响研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(7):2056-2062.
[20]赵志刚,王凯荣,向开成,等.冀东平原农业景观格局与生态服务价值研究:以滦县为例[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(3):221-226,230.
[21]左丽君,徐进勇,张增祥,等.渤海海岸带地区土地利用时空演变及景观格局响应[J].遥感学报,2011,15(3):604-620.
[22]黄宁,杨绵海,林志兰,等.厦门市海岸带景观格局变化及其对生态安全的影响[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(12):3193-3202.
[23]陆晴,刘丽娟,王玉刚,等.新疆三工河流域农业绿洲近30年景观格局变化及其驱动力[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(3):748-754.
[24]刘娜,王克林,段亚锋.洞庭湖景观格局变化及其对水文调蓄功能的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(15):4641-4650.
[25]李阳兵,姚原温,谢静,等.贵州省山地-坝地系统土地利用与景观格局时空演变[J].生态学报,2014,34(12):3257-3265.
[26]刘文俊,马友鑫,胡华斌,等.西双版纳勐仑地区景观格局变化定量分析[J].生态学报,2006,26(9):3088-3097.
[27]潘韬,吴绍洪,戴尔阜,等.纵向岭谷区植被景观多样性的空间格局[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(12):3091-3098.
[28]梁娟.西双版纳望天树林分布区土地利用/覆被及物种多样性近二十年变化[D].西双版纳:中国科学院研究生院(西双版纳热带植物园),2007.
[29]林世滔,谢弟炳,刘郁林,等.景观格局特征与区域生物多样性的关系研究[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(10):1681-1688.
[30]张佩芳,王茂新.云南西双版纳基诺巴卡土地利用/土地覆盖时空动态研究[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(3):57-62.
[31]刘晓娜,封志明,姜鲁光.中老缅泰“黄金四角”地区土地利用与土地覆被变化研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2013,32(2):191-202.
[32]张敏,宫兆宁,赵文吉,等.近30年来白洋淀湿地景观格局变化及其驱动机制[J].生态学报,2016,36(15):4780-4791.
[33]胡冬雪,唐立娜,邱全毅,等.海峡西岸经济区景观格局10年变化及驱动力[J].生态学报,2015,35(18):6138-6147.
[34]邬建国.景观生态学:格局、过程、尺度与等级[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2007.
[35]徐志扬,胡建全,徐旭平.基于GIS的华安县林地景观格局特征分析[J].西部林业科学,2017,46(2):88-91.
[36]孙倩,塔西甫拉提·特依拜,张飞,等.渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲土地利用/覆被时空变化遥感研究[J].生态学报,2012,32(10):3252-3265.
[37]赵锐锋,陈亚宁,李卫红,等.塔里木河干流区土地覆被变化与景观格局分析[J].地理学报,2009,64(1):95-106.
[38]严珅,孙然好.京津冀县域城镇化与景观格局变化的协调性研究[J].生态环境学报,2018,27(1):62-70.
[39]张佳琦,薛达元.西双版纳橡胶林种植的生态环境影响研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23(S2):304-307.
[40]林友兴,张一平,赵玮,等.不同林龄橡胶林蒸腾特征的比较[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(4):855-863.
[41]农定飞,马友鑫,李红梅,等.西双版纳地区土地利用/覆盖变化对气温的影响[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,34(5):548-553,569.
[42]Jesus F M,Pivello V R,Meirelles S T,et al.The importance of landscape structure for seed dispersal in rain forest fragments[J].Journal of Vegetation Science,2012,23(6):1126-1136.
[43]许再富,朱华,王应祥,等.澜沧江下游/湄公河上游片断热带雨林物种多样性动态[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(5):585-593.
[2]孙才志,闫晓露,钟敬秋.下辽河平原景观格局脆弱性及空间关联格局[J].生态学报,2014,34(2):247-257.
[3]阳文锐.北京城市景观格局时空变化及驱动力[J].生态学报,2015,35(13):4357-4366.
[4]Zhao R F,Chen Y N,Shi P J,et al.Land use and land cover change and driving mechanism in the arid inland river basin:a case study of Tarim River,Xinjiang, China[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2013,68(2):591-604.
[5]Zhu Z Q,Liu L M,Chen Z T,et al.Land-use change simulation and assessment of driving factors in the loess hilly region:a case study as Pengyang County[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2010,164(1/2/3/4):133-142.
[6]Bartuszevige A M.Sixty-seven years of landscape change in the last,large remnant of the Pacific northwest bunchgrass prairie[J].Natural Areas Journal,2012,32(2):166.
[7]Martensen A C,Ribeiro M C,Banks-Leite C,et al.Associations of forest cover,fragment area,and connectivity with neotropical understory bird species richness and abundance[J].Conservation Biology,2012,26(6):1100-1111.
[8]Cocca G,Sturaro E,Gallo L,et al.Is the abandonment of traditional livestock farming systems the main driver of mountain landscape change in Alpine areas?[J].Land Use Policy,2012,29(4):878-886.
[9]Sun P L,Xu Y Q,Yu Z L,et al.Scenario simulation and landscape pattern dynamic changes of land use in the Poverty Belt around Beijing and Tianjin:A case study of Zhangjiakou city,Hebei Province[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2016,26(3):272-296.
[10]Verburg P H,Soepboer W,Veldkamp A,et al.Modeling the spatial dynamics of regional land use:the CLUE-S model[J].Environmental Management,2002,30(3):391-405.
[11]曹琦,陈兴鹏,师满江,等.黑河中游土地利用/覆盖变化及主导因素驱动力[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(5):220-227.
[12]张忠辉,杨雨春,谢朋,等.松原市近20年土地利用景观格局动态变化[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(2):222-226.
[13]彭保发,陈端吕,李文军,等.土地利用景观格局的稳定性研究:以常德市为例[J].地理科学,2013,33(13):1484-1488.
[14]潘竟虎,苏有才,黄永生,等.近30年玉门市土地利用与景观格局变化及其驱动力[J].地理研究,2012,31(9):1631-1639.
[15]Liu X L,Li Y,Shen J L,et al.Landscape pattern changes at a catchment scale:a case study in the upper Jinjing river catchment in subtropical central China from 1933 to 2005[J].Landscape and Ecological Engineering,2014,10(2):263-276.
[16]胡晓,叶亚平.唐山市2000~2010年湿地景观格局演变及驱动力分析[J].水电能源科学,2014,32(4):139-142.
[17]刘金轲,王世岩,王亮,等.三门峡库区湿地景观格局变化及其驱动力分析[J].人民黄河,2014,36(4):82-85.
[18]张大伟,付世萃,韩姣,等.柳河县近20年森林景观格局动态变化分析[J].西部林业科学,2017,46(6):117-121.
[19]李月辉,吴文,李娜娜,等.森林所有制对景观格局和动物生境的影响研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(7):2056-2062.
[20]赵志刚,王凯荣,向开成,等.冀东平原农业景观格局与生态服务价值研究:以滦县为例[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(3):221-226,230.
[21]左丽君,徐进勇,张增祥,等.渤海海岸带地区土地利用时空演变及景观格局响应[J].遥感学报,2011,15(3):604-620.
[22]黄宁,杨绵海,林志兰,等.厦门市海岸带景观格局变化及其对生态安全的影响[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(12):3193-3202.
[23]陆晴,刘丽娟,王玉刚,等.新疆三工河流域农业绿洲近30年景观格局变化及其驱动力[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(3):748-754.
[24]刘娜,王克林,段亚锋.洞庭湖景观格局变化及其对水文调蓄功能的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(15):4641-4650.
[25]李阳兵,姚原温,谢静,等.贵州省山地-坝地系统土地利用与景观格局时空演变[J].生态学报,2014,34(12):3257-3265.
[26]刘文俊,马友鑫,胡华斌,等.西双版纳勐仑地区景观格局变化定量分析[J].生态学报,2006,26(9):3088-3097.
[27]潘韬,吴绍洪,戴尔阜,等.纵向岭谷区植被景观多样性的空间格局[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(12):3091-3098.
[28]梁娟.西双版纳望天树林分布区土地利用/覆被及物种多样性近二十年变化[D].西双版纳:中国科学院研究生院(西双版纳热带植物园),2007.
[29]林世滔,谢弟炳,刘郁林,等.景观格局特征与区域生物多样性的关系研究[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(10):1681-1688.
[30]张佩芳,王茂新.云南西双版纳基诺巴卡土地利用/土地覆盖时空动态研究[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(3):57-62.
[31]刘晓娜,封志明,姜鲁光.中老缅泰“黄金四角”地区土地利用与土地覆被变化研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2013,32(2):191-202.
[32]张敏,宫兆宁,赵文吉,等.近30年来白洋淀湿地景观格局变化及其驱动机制[J].生态学报,2016,36(15):4780-4791.
[33]胡冬雪,唐立娜,邱全毅,等.海峡西岸经济区景观格局10年变化及驱动力[J].生态学报,2015,35(18):6138-6147.
[34]邬建国.景观生态学:格局、过程、尺度与等级[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2007.
[35]徐志扬,胡建全,徐旭平.基于GIS的华安县林地景观格局特征分析[J].西部林业科学,2017,46(2):88-91.
[36]孙倩,塔西甫拉提·特依拜,张飞,等.渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲土地利用/覆被时空变化遥感研究[J].生态学报,2012,32(10):3252-3265.
[37]赵锐锋,陈亚宁,李卫红,等.塔里木河干流区土地覆被变化与景观格局分析[J].地理学报,2009,64(1):95-106.
[38]严珅,孙然好.京津冀县域城镇化与景观格局变化的协调性研究[J].生态环境学报,2018,27(1):62-70.
[39]张佳琦,薛达元.西双版纳橡胶林种植的生态环境影响研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23(S2):304-307.
[40]林友兴,张一平,赵玮,等.不同林龄橡胶林蒸腾特征的比较[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(4):855-863.
[41]农定飞,马友鑫,李红梅,等.西双版纳地区土地利用/覆盖变化对气温的影响[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,34(5):548-553,569.
[42]Jesus F M,Pivello V R,Meirelles S T,et al.The importance of landscape structure for seed dispersal in rain forest fragments[J].Journal of Vegetation Science,2012,23(6):1126-1136.
[43]许再富,朱华,王应祥,等.澜沧江下游/湄公河上游片断热带雨林物种多样性动态[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(5):585-593.
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