长江口重金属负荷驱动机制研究
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摘要
对近十年来徐六泾水域、启东港水域、东风西沙水源区、石洞口水域、南港水域、北港水域六个水域的重金属Cu、Pb浓度变化与工业废气因子、工业废水因子、生活污水因子、农业面源因子进行相关性分析,建立多元回归线性方程,研究长江口重金属负荷驱动机制。研究结果表明2004～2016年间重金属浓度变化与工业废水排放因子与工业废气排放因子总体呈负相关相关性且呈低度相关,与农业面源因子和生活污水因子总体呈正相关且呈中度相关。通过建立线性回归模型,分析可知长江口重金属浓度变化是各因子共同驱动的结果。建议长江口周边城市加强农业污染与生活污水治理。
In this paper,the correlation between the concentration changes of heavy metals in Xuliujing waters,Qidonggang waters,Dongfeng Xisha waters,Shidongkou waters,Nangang waters and Beigang waters and industrial exhaust gas factors,industrial wastewater factors,domestic sewage factors and agricultural non-point source factors in recent ten years was analyzed,and a multiple regression linear equation was established to study the driving mechanism of heavy metal load in the Yangtze estuary.The results show that the change of heavy metal concentration during 2004～2016 is negatively correlated with industrial wastewater discharge factors and industrial waste gas discharge factors,and positively and moderately correlated with agricultural non-point source factors and domestic sewage factors.Through the establishment of linear regression model,the analysis shows that the change of heavy metal concentration in the Yangtze Estuary is the result of all factors driving together.It is suggested that the cities around the Yangtze Estuary should strengthen the treatment of agricultural pollution and domestic sewage.
In this paper,the correlation between the concentration changes of heavy metals in Xuliujing waters,Qidonggang waters,Dongfeng Xisha waters,Shidongkou waters,Nangang waters and Beigang waters and industrial exhaust gas factors,industrial wastewater factors,domestic sewage factors and agricultural non-point source factors in recent ten years was analyzed,and a multiple regression linear equation was established to study the driving mechanism of heavy metal load in the Yangtze estuary.The results show that the change of heavy metal concentration during 2004～2016 is negatively correlated with industrial wastewater discharge factors and industrial waste gas discharge factors,and positively and moderately correlated with agricultural non-point source factors and domestic sewage factors.Through the establishment of linear regression model,the analysis shows that the change of heavy metal concentration in the Yangtze Estuary is the result of all factors driving together.It is suggested that the cities around the Yangtze Estuary should strengthen the treatment of agricultural pollution and domestic sewage.
引文
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[4] Yin Su,Wu Yuehan,Xu Wei,et al.Contribution of the upper river,the estuarine region,and the adjacent sea to the heavy metal pollution in the Yangtze Estuary[J].Chemosphere ,2016,155:564-572.
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[18] 王正方,姚龙奎,樊安德,等.长江口海域锌的存在形式及其分布观律的初步探讨[J].海洋学报,1987,4(3):315-323.
[19] 陈松 ,廖文卓 ,潘皆再.长江口重金属元素的固液界面过程——Ⅰ.沉积相中Pb、Cu和Cd的行为和沉积机理[J].海洋学报,1984,6(2):180-185.
[20] 昊瑜端.长江口海域有害重金属的转移机理[J].海洋与湖沼,1978,9(2):168- 182.
[21] 王百顺,刘阿成,陈忠阳.1984-2000 年长江口海域水质重金属浓度分布变化[J],海洋通报,2003,22(2):32-39.
[22] 王丽萍,周晓蔚,郑丙辉,等.长江口及毗邻海域沉积物生态环境质量评价[J].生态学报,2008(05):2191-2198.
[23] 余卫鸿,蒋海涛,韩润平.长江口水质现状及大型水利工程对长江口水质的影响[J].甘肃科技,2007(03):11-14.
[24] 国家质量技术监督局发布.GB 17378.7-1998海洋监测规范.第4部分,海水分析[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[2] Yao Qingzhen,Wang Xiaojing,Jian Huimin,et al.Behavior of suspended particles in the ChangjiangEstuary:Size distribution and trace metal contamination[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2016,103:159-167.
[3] Feng Chenghong,Guo Xiaoyu,Yin Su,et al.Heavy metal partitioning of suspended particulate matterewater and sedimentewater in the Yangtze Estuary[J].Chemosphere,2017,185:717-725.
[4] Yin Su,Wu Yuehan,Xu Wei,et al.Contribution of the upper river,the estuarine region,and the adjacent sea to the heavy metal pollution in the Yangtze Estuary[J].Chemosphere ,2016,155:564-572.
[5] Yang Meng,Ray Kostaschuk,Chen Zhongyuan.Historical changes in heavy metals in the Yangtze Estuary,China[J].Environmental Geology,2004,46:857-864.
[6] Li Xue,Wang Ying,Li Baohua,et al.Distribution and speciation of heavy metals in surface sediments from the Yangtze estuary and coastal areas[J].Environ Earth Sci ,2013,69:1537-1547.
[7] Lu Jinmei,Yuan Fuqing,Zhang Fengying,et al.The study on heavy metal distribution in the sediment of middle tidal flat in Yangtze Estuary,China[J].Environ Earth Sci,2016,75:557.
[8] Chen Z,Kostaschuk R,Yang M.Heavy metals on tidal flats in the Yangtze Estuary,China[J].Environmental Geology ,2001,40 (6) :742-749.
[9] Wan Yuanyang,Gu Fengfeng,Wu Hualin,et al.Hydrodynamic evolutions at the Yangtze Estuary from 1998 to 2009[J].Applied Ocean Research ,2014,47:291-302.
[10] Mason R P,Lawson N M,Lawrence A L,et al.Mercury in the Chesapeake Bay[J].Mar Chem,1999,65:77-96
[11] Acevedo-Figueroa D,Jimenez B D,Rodriguez-Sierra C J.Trace metals in sediments of two estuarine lagoons from Puerto Rico[J].Environ Pollut,2006,141:336-342.
[12] Martino M,Turner A,Nimmo M,et al.Resuspension,reactivity and recycling of trace metals in the Mersey Estuary,UK[J].MarChem,2002,77:171-186.
[13] Schafer J,Blanc G,Audry S,et al.Mercury in the Lot-Garonne River system (France):Sources,fluxes and anthropogeniccomponent[J].Appl Ceochem,2006,21:515-527.
[14] Atkinson C A,Jolley D F,Simpson S L.Effect of overlying water pH,dissolved oxygen,salinity and sediment disturbances on metal releaseand sequestration from metal contaminated marine sediments[J].Chemosphere,2007,69:1428-1437.
[15] Pia Di Nanno M,Curutchet G,Ratto S.Anaerobic sediment potential acidification and metal release risk assessment by chemicalcharacterization and batch resuspension experiments[J].J Soil Sediment,2007,7:187-194.
[16] Anklet G T,Di Toro D M,Hansen D J,et al.Technical basis and proposal for deriving sediment quality criteria for metals[J].Environ Toxicol Chem,1996,15:2056-2066.
[17] 王正方,张碧珍,杨晓兰,等.长江口海域表层沉积物中Cu,Pb,Cd,Zn的行为[J].海洋环境科学1983(3):1-13.
[18] 王正方,姚龙奎,樊安德,等.长江口海域锌的存在形式及其分布观律的初步探讨[J].海洋学报,1987,4(3):315-323.
[19] 陈松 ,廖文卓 ,潘皆再.长江口重金属元素的固液界面过程——Ⅰ.沉积相中Pb、Cu和Cd的行为和沉积机理[J].海洋学报,1984,6(2):180-185.
[20] 昊瑜端.长江口海域有害重金属的转移机理[J].海洋与湖沼,1978,9(2):168- 182.
[21] 王百顺,刘阿成,陈忠阳.1984-2000 年长江口海域水质重金属浓度分布变化[J],海洋通报,2003,22(2):32-39.
[22] 王丽萍,周晓蔚,郑丙辉,等.长江口及毗邻海域沉积物生态环境质量评价[J].生态学报,2008(05):2191-2198.
[23] 余卫鸿,蒋海涛,韩润平.长江口水质现状及大型水利工程对长江口水质的影响[J].甘肃科技,2007(03):11-14.
[24] 国家质量技术监督局发布.GB 17378.7-1998海洋监测规范.第4部分,海水分析[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
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