沙被的定义、类型及其生态效应
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摘要
文章提出了沙被的概念和定义,即:沙物质在地表积聚形成的覆被。阐述了依据沙被所处的气候区与植被区、沙被形态、颜色、有无植被、位于表层还是下层等特征的沙被分类方式。同时,指出了沙被的水平结构和从沙被边缘到中心其形态变化、植被变化的规律,研究和探讨了沙被的生态效应、与植被、风的关系和沙被的动态变化特点,以及沙被生态系统的保护修复与开发利用的原则。
The paper puts forward the concept and definition of sand cover. The sand cover is formed by the accumulation of sand material on the surface. The classification of sand cover is described according to its climate zone and vegetation zone, its shape,color, vegetation, surface or lower layer, and other characteristics. At the same time, the paper points out the horizontal structure of the sand cover and the rules of its morphological change and vegetation change from the edge of the sand cover to the center. The ecological effect of the sand cover, the relationship with vegetation and wind, the dynamic change characteristics of the sand cover,and principles of conservation, restoration, development and utilization of sand ecosystem are researched and discussed
The paper puts forward the concept and definition of sand cover. The sand cover is formed by the accumulation of sand material on the surface. The classification of sand cover is described according to its climate zone and vegetation zone, its shape,color, vegetation, surface or lower layer, and other characteristics. At the same time, the paper points out the horizontal structure of the sand cover and the rules of its morphological change and vegetation change from the edge of the sand cover to the center. The ecological effect of the sand cover, the relationship with vegetation and wind, the dynamic change characteristics of the sand cover,and principles of conservation, restoration, development and utilization of sand ecosystem are researched and discussed
引文
[1]姜海光.浅谈内蒙古沙漠沙地治理现状、问题与建议[C]//中国治沙暨沙业学会2018年学术年会.环境科学与资源利用论文集.中国治沙暨沙业学会,2018:78-84.
[2]宁文晓,王振亭.巴丹吉林沙漠东南部典型高大沙丘形态参数分析[J].福建农林大学学报:自然科学版,2018,47(6)755-763.
[3]文青,董治宝,陆锦华,等.1:40万《腾格里沙漠地貌图》的编制[J].中国沙漠,2014,34(1):35-41.
[4]宋洁,春喜.乌兰布和沙漠不同土地覆被类型粒度特征及空间分异[J].中国沙漠,2018,38(2):243-251.
[5]郭彩贇,韩致文,李爱敏,等.库布齐沙漠生态治理与开发利的典型模式[J].西北师范大学学报:自然科学版,2017,53(1):112-118.
[6]于娜,赵媛媛,丁国栋,等.基于生态足迹的中国四大沙地地区可持续评价[J].干旱区地理,2018,41(6):1310-1320.
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[10]夏丽华,张仁.土被结构应用分级及其用途[J].松辽学刊:自然科学版,1995(4):38-40.
[11]郭彩,韩致文,李爱敏,等.库布齐沙漠生态治理与开发利用的典型模式[J].西北师范大学学报:自然科学版,2017,53(1):112-118.
[12]闫德仁,姚洪林,李纯英.巴音温都尔沙漠考察报告[J].内蒙古林业科技,2017,43(2):49-51.
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[15]江京平.《建筑用砂》(GB-T14684-2001)内容概要与人工砂应用前景展望[J].建筑技术,2003,34(1):54-56.
[16]钱征宇,刘守勤.线形沙丘的风沙沉积特征与内部构造[J].中国沙漠,1994,14(3):25-30.
[17]吴克宁,赵瑞.土壤质地分类及其在我国应用探讨[EB/OL].(2019-01-04)[2019-03-10].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/32.1119.P.20180718.0920.006.html.
[18]traincar_1990.物质的比热容[EB/OL].(2013-01-24)[2019-04-11].http://www.docin.com/p-589074221.html.
[19]rainnykk.物质的比热容[EB/OL].(2013-12-21)[2019-04-11].https://www.koolearn.com/shiti/st-1-1492077.html.
[20]张玲,黄奕,陈光明.含水分土壤和沙的热导率测定[J].制冷与空调,2008,8(5):66-68.
[21]王铄,王全九,樊军,等.土壤导热率测定及其计算模型的对比分析[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(5):78-84.
[22]王丽娟,左洪超,陈继伟,等.遥感估算绿洲-沙漠下垫面地表温度及感热通量[J].高原气象,2012,31(3):646-656.
[23]韩晓.巴丹吉林沙漠腹地土壤温度观测及其变化[D].甘肃省:兰州大学,2013:17.
[24]张杰.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙丘表面温度特征初[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(5):592-595.
[25]中国科学院空间科学技术中心.中国地理资源光谱信息资料汇编[M].北京:能源出版社,1986.
[26]白淑英,徐永明.农业遥感[M].北京:科学出版社,2013.
[27]中国科学院内蒙古宁夏综合考察队.内蒙古植被[M].北京:科学出版社,1985.
[28]肖南,董治宝,南维鸽,等.1957-2014年库布齐沙漠地面风场特征[J].中国沙漠,2018,38(3):628-536.
[29]谭敬,杨文斌,齐凯,等.阿拉善盟四大沙漠“决口”与“握手”状况调查及治理对策[J].内蒙古林业科技,2006,32(3):4-7.
[30]曹恭祥,季蒙,朱静泓,等.呼伦贝尔沙地樟子松林土物理性质及其水文功能研究[J].内蒙古林业科技,2018,44(2):1-6.
[31]迟琳琳.科尔沁沙地5种造林乔木的抗旱特征研究[J].辽宁林业科技,2017(4):1-6.
[32]刘媖心.沙坡头流动沙丘固沙植物引种栽培卅五年[J].中国沙漠,1991,11(1):13-21.
[33]常学礼,崔步礼,陈雅琳,等.流动沙丘土壤紧实度对沙米生长状况的影响[J].自然资源学报,2006,21(2):238-244.
[34]刘海江,郭柯.沙埋对中间锦鸡儿幼苗生长发育的影响[J].生态学报,2005,25(10):2550-2555.
[35]赵存玉,姚正毅.沙生植物的生长对沙地基质流动性的响应[J].防护林科技,2017:171(12):49-52,87.
[36]刘爽,高玉葆,陈世苹,等.科尔沁沙地白草、赖草无性系生长及适应对策的初步研究[J].中国沙漠,1999,19(1):75-78.
[37]Wang Y,Chu L,Daryanto S et al.Sand dune stabilization changes the vegetation characteristics and soil seed bank and their correlations with environmental factors[J].Science of The Total Environment.2019,648:500-507.
[2]宁文晓,王振亭.巴丹吉林沙漠东南部典型高大沙丘形态参数分析[J].福建农林大学学报:自然科学版,2018,47(6)755-763.
[3]文青,董治宝,陆锦华,等.1:40万《腾格里沙漠地貌图》的编制[J].中国沙漠,2014,34(1):35-41.
[4]宋洁,春喜.乌兰布和沙漠不同土地覆被类型粒度特征及空间分异[J].中国沙漠,2018,38(2):243-251.
[5]郭彩贇,韩致文,李爱敏,等.库布齐沙漠生态治理与开发利的典型模式[J].西北师范大学学报:自然科学版,2017,53(1):112-118.
[6]于娜,赵媛媛,丁国栋,等.基于生态足迹的中国四大沙地地区可持续评价[J].干旱区地理,2018,41(6):1310-1320.
[7]博览古今天下.中国沙漠分布图[EB/OL].(2019-03-15)[2015-09-07].http://www.360doc.com/content/15/0907/20/10429244_497549977.shtml.
[8]Legolas.植被[EB/OL].(2018-12-15)[2019-04-10].https://baike.so.com/doc/2987018-3150464.html.
[9]李孝芳.编制毛乌素沙区土被结构图的初步尝试[J].自然资源,1978(1):13-30.
[10]夏丽华,张仁.土被结构应用分级及其用途[J].松辽学刊:自然科学版,1995(4):38-40.
[11]郭彩,韩致文,李爱敏,等.库布齐沙漠生态治理与开发利用的典型模式[J].西北师范大学学报:自然科学版,2017,53(1):112-118.
[12]闫德仁,姚洪林,李纯英.巴音温都尔沙漠考察报告[J].内蒙古林业科技,2017,43(2):49-51.
[13]niao62550152.风沙土[EB/OL].(2013-06-11)[2019-01-27].https://baike.so.com/doc/5660910-5873562.html.
[14]tufeijian1.沙壤土[EB/OL].(2017-10-24)[2019-04-11].https://baike.so.com/doc/2185687-2312639.html.
[15]江京平.《建筑用砂》(GB-T14684-2001)内容概要与人工砂应用前景展望[J].建筑技术,2003,34(1):54-56.
[16]钱征宇,刘守勤.线形沙丘的风沙沉积特征与内部构造[J].中国沙漠,1994,14(3):25-30.
[17]吴克宁,赵瑞.土壤质地分类及其在我国应用探讨[EB/OL].(2019-01-04)[2019-03-10].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/32.1119.P.20180718.0920.006.html.
[18]traincar_1990.物质的比热容[EB/OL].(2013-01-24)[2019-04-11].http://www.docin.com/p-589074221.html.
[19]rainnykk.物质的比热容[EB/OL].(2013-12-21)[2019-04-11].https://www.koolearn.com/shiti/st-1-1492077.html.
[20]张玲,黄奕,陈光明.含水分土壤和沙的热导率测定[J].制冷与空调,2008,8(5):66-68.
[21]王铄,王全九,樊军,等.土壤导热率测定及其计算模型的对比分析[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(5):78-84.
[22]王丽娟,左洪超,陈继伟,等.遥感估算绿洲-沙漠下垫面地表温度及感热通量[J].高原气象,2012,31(3):646-656.
[23]韩晓.巴丹吉林沙漠腹地土壤温度观测及其变化[D].甘肃省:兰州大学,2013:17.
[24]张杰.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙丘表面温度特征初[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(5):592-595.
[25]中国科学院空间科学技术中心.中国地理资源光谱信息资料汇编[M].北京:能源出版社,1986.
[26]白淑英,徐永明.农业遥感[M].北京:科学出版社,2013.
[27]中国科学院内蒙古宁夏综合考察队.内蒙古植被[M].北京:科学出版社,1985.
[28]肖南,董治宝,南维鸽,等.1957-2014年库布齐沙漠地面风场特征[J].中国沙漠,2018,38(3):628-536.
[29]谭敬,杨文斌,齐凯,等.阿拉善盟四大沙漠“决口”与“握手”状况调查及治理对策[J].内蒙古林业科技,2006,32(3):4-7.
[30]曹恭祥,季蒙,朱静泓,等.呼伦贝尔沙地樟子松林土物理性质及其水文功能研究[J].内蒙古林业科技,2018,44(2):1-6.
[31]迟琳琳.科尔沁沙地5种造林乔木的抗旱特征研究[J].辽宁林业科技,2017(4):1-6.
[32]刘媖心.沙坡头流动沙丘固沙植物引种栽培卅五年[J].中国沙漠,1991,11(1):13-21.
[33]常学礼,崔步礼,陈雅琳,等.流动沙丘土壤紧实度对沙米生长状况的影响[J].自然资源学报,2006,21(2):238-244.
[34]刘海江,郭柯.沙埋对中间锦鸡儿幼苗生长发育的影响[J].生态学报,2005,25(10):2550-2555.
[35]赵存玉,姚正毅.沙生植物的生长对沙地基质流动性的响应[J].防护林科技,2017:171(12):49-52,87.
[36]刘爽,高玉葆,陈世苹,等.科尔沁沙地白草、赖草无性系生长及适应对策的初步研究[J].中国沙漠,1999,19(1):75-78.
[37]Wang Y,Chu L,Daryanto S et al.Sand dune stabilization changes the vegetation characteristics and soil seed bank and their correlations with environmental factors[J].Science of The Total Environment.2019,648:500-507.
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