面向虚拟编组的列控技术研究
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摘要
虚拟编组(Virtual Coupling)是近年来欧洲铁路部门提出的一个新理念,它使用无线通信代替机械联挂,实现不同型号列车的虚拟编组。列车虚拟编组后,行车间隔极大缩短,能够进一步提高线路的运输能力。介绍虚拟编组的研究背景和基本理念,分析既有欧洲列控系统(ETCS)在应用该技术时面临的问题,旨在提出面向虚拟编组的列控技术实现方案。根据列车间隔控制是否由列控系统进行防护,提出两种方案,并描述它们的基本原理和既有ETCS规范需要变动的内容。在基于列控系统防护的方案中,引入相对制动距离的概念,并提出一种基于相对制动距离的限速曲线计算方法,为下一代列控系统的研究提供参考。
Virtual coupling is a new concept put forward by European railway agency in recent years, and it uses wireless communication instead of mechanical couplet to realize marshalling between different types' trains. Virtual coupling can greatly shorten train headway and further improve railway capacity. This paper introduces the research background and basic concept of virtual coupling, analyzes the problems faced by the existing European train control system(ETCS), and aims at proposing the schemes of train control technology for virtual coupling. According to whether train headway control is protected by train control system, two schemes are put forward with their basic principles, and the contents of the existing ETCS specifications need to be modified are illustrated. In the scheme based on train control system, the concept of relative braking distance is introduced, and one method of speed limit curve calculation based on relative braking distance is proposed, which may provide some reference for the next generation train control system.
Virtual coupling is a new concept put forward by European railway agency in recent years, and it uses wireless communication instead of mechanical couplet to realize marshalling between different types' trains. Virtual coupling can greatly shorten train headway and further improve railway capacity. This paper introduces the research background and basic concept of virtual coupling, analyzes the problems faced by the existing European train control system(ETCS), and aims at proposing the schemes of train control technology for virtual coupling. According to whether train headway control is protected by train control system, two schemes are put forward with their basic principles, and the contents of the existing ETCS specifications need to be modified are illustrated. In the scheme based on train control system, the concept of relative braking distance is introduced, and one method of speed limit curve calculation based on relative braking distance is proposed, which may provide some reference for the next generation train control system.
引文
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[2] Bock U,Varchmin J U.Enhancement of the occupancy of railroads using “virtually coupled train formations”[C]//4th World Congress on Railway Research,Tokyo,Japan,1999.
[3] Bicker G,Bock U.Design and development of a future train concept- “virtually coupled train formations”[C]//9th IFAC Symposium on Transportation Systems,Braunschweig,Germany,2000.
[4] Konig S,HERBST U.Virtually coupled train formations-an approach for enhancing freight rail traffic[C]//8th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems,Sydney,Australia,2001.
[5] Eulalia Peris,Javier Goikoetxea.Roll2Rail:New Dependable Rolling Stock for a More Sustainable,Intelligent and Comfortable Rail Transport in Europe[J].Transportation Research Procedia,2016,14:567-574.
[6] 中国铁道科学研究院科学技术信息研究所.欧洲铁路开展Roll2Rail项目研究[J].现代城市轨道交通,2017(7):69.
[7] Kun Yang,Marion Berbineau,Jean-Pierre Ghys,et al.Propagation measurements with regional train at 60ghz for virtual coupling application[C]//11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation,Paris,France,2017.
[8] Paul Unterhuber,Stephan Sand,Mohammad Soliman,et al.Wide band propagation in train-to-train scenarios-measurement campaign and first results[C]//11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation,Paris,France,2017.
[9] Inaki Val,Aitor Arriola,Pedro M Rodriguez,et al.Wireless channel measurements and modeling for tcms communications in metro environments[C]//11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation,Paris,France,2017.
[10] Shift2Rail Joint Undertaking.Multi-Annual Action Plan[EB/OL].2015[2018-07-01].https://shift2rail.org.
[11] Eulalia Peris,Javier Goikoetxea.Developing the Rolling Stock of the Future[J].European Railway,2015,21(5):56-58.
[12] Javier Goikoetxea.Virtual Coupling of Trains:A not so far Future[C]//10th UIC World Congress on High Speed Rail,Ankara,Turkey,2018.
[13] Ian Mitchell.ERTMS Level 4,Train Convoys or Virtual Coupling[J].IRSE News,2016,219:14-15.
[14] UNISIG.ERTMS/ETCS SUBSET-026:ERTMS/ETCS System Requirements Specification[EB/OL].[2018-07-01].http://www.era.europa.eu.
[15] 徐效宁,宋志丹,易海旺,等.ETCS系统应用ATO技术发展综述[J].铁道标准设计,2018,62(8):148-152.
[16] 中国铁路总公司.城际铁路CTCS2+ATO列控系统暂行总体技术方案:TJ/DW149—2013[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2013.
[17] 中国铁路总公司.高速铁路ATO系统暂行总体技术方案:TJ/DW202—2018[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2018.
[18] 徐效宁,徐宁,易海旺.面向高速铁路的CTCS+ATO列控系统研究[J].铁道标准设计,2017,61(4):153-158.
[19] 徐效宁,李一楠,刘磊,等.干线铁路CTCS-2级列控系统融合ATO的方案研究[J].铁道工程学报,2017,34(7):78-83.
[20] Javier Goikoetxea.Roadmap towards the Wireless Virtual Coupling of Trains[C]//International Workshop on Communication Technologies for Vehicles,San Sebastian,Spain,2016.
[21] Mindel K.Improvement of line capacity by using relative braking distance for train operation-a concept for the future[C]//VDI-Berichte Nr.1392,Stuttgart,Germany,1998.
[22] 田长海,张守帅,张岳松,等.高速铁路列车追踪间隔时间研究[J].铁道学报,2015,37(10):1-6.
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