构造倾向识别的重力空间导数成像技术
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摘要
笔者提出重力空间导数成像技术,来实现构造倾向的识别。根据不同高度重力异常水平导数极值点分布与构造倾斜方向的对应关系,可直观地显示断裂的倾向,且计算简便。理论单台阶和双台阶模型试验表明,重力空间导数成像技术能准确和稳定地获得断裂的倾向特征。由于本方法是利用上半空间重力数据的导数,所以模型试验结果具有较高的抗噪性。利用重力空间导数成像技术对松辽盆地重力异常数据进行断裂倾向识别,盆地北侧断层的倾向大多为NW倾,说明盆地构造的形成主要受控于西太平洋板块俯冲的作用,盆地南端部分构造表现为垂直倾向,这与后期西伯利亚板块的南向运动有关。
In this paper,the gravity space derivative imaging technology is proposed to identify the dip of structure. According to the corresponding relationship between the extreme point distribution of the gravity anomaly level and the dip of the structure,the dip of the faults can be visually displayed,and the calculation is simple. The theoretical single-step and double-step model tests show that the gravity space derivative imaging technology can obtain the dip of faults accurately and stably. Moreover,because this method uses the derivative of upper half space gravity data,the result of model test is much free from noise. The gravity derivative imaging technique is used on gravity anomaly data in Songliao Basin to identify the dip of the fault,and it shows that the northern fault of the basin is northwest-dipping,which indicates that the basin structure is mainly controlled by the subduction of western Pacific Plate,and the fault in the southern part of the basin is vertical,which is related to the southward movement of the Siberian Plate in the later stage.
In this paper,the gravity space derivative imaging technology is proposed to identify the dip of structure. According to the corresponding relationship between the extreme point distribution of the gravity anomaly level and the dip of the structure,the dip of the faults can be visually displayed,and the calculation is simple. The theoretical single-step and double-step model tests show that the gravity space derivative imaging technology can obtain the dip of faults accurately and stably. Moreover,because this method uses the derivative of upper half space gravity data,the result of model test is much free from noise. The gravity derivative imaging technique is used on gravity anomaly data in Songliao Basin to identify the dip of the fault,and it shows that the northern fault of the basin is northwest-dipping,which indicates that the basin structure is mainly controlled by the subduction of western Pacific Plate,and the fault in the southern part of the basin is vertical,which is related to the southward movement of the Siberian Plate in the later stage.
引文
[1]曹金华.松辽盆地综合地球物理剖面地质解释:硕士学位论文[D].长春:吉林大学,2017.CAO Jin-hua.Geological interpretation of integrated geophysical profile in Songliao Basin,NE China:master's degree thesis[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2017.
[2]侯启军,冯志强,冯子辉.松辽盆地陆相石油地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2009.HOU Qi-jun,FENG Zhi-qiang,FENG Zi-hui.Petroleum geology of continental facies in Songliao Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2009.
[3]王金臣.松辽盆地古中央隆起带基底构造特征研究:硕士学位论文[D].长春:吉林大学,2016.WANG Jin-chen.Study on the basement structure characteristics of the paleo central uplift belt:master's degree thesis[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2016.
[4]曹怀仁.松辽盆地烃源岩形成环境与页岩油地质评价研究:博士学位论文[D].广州:中国科学院大学,2017.CAO Huai-ren.The paleo-environment of source rock formation and geological evaluation of shale oil in Songliao Basin:doctor's degree thesis[D].Guangzhou:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017.
[5]刘殿秘.松辽盆地及其周围典型盆地部分地球物理特征:博士学位论文[D].长春:吉林大学,2008.LIU Dian-mi.Partial geophysical features of Songliao Basin and its peripheral typical basins:doctor's degree thesis[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2018.
[6]Cordell L,Grauch V J S.Mapping basement magnetization zones from aeromagnetic data in the San Juan Basin,New Mexico[J].Seg Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1982,1(1):520.
[7]Cordell L.Gravimetric expression of graben faulting in Santa Fe Country and the Espanola Basin,New Mexico[J]Science,2014,192:43-43.
[8]马国庆,杜晓娟,李丽丽,等.利用解析信号的水平与垂直导数进行磁异常的解释[J].应用地球物理,2012,9(4):468-474,496-497.MA Guo-qing,DU Xiao-juan,LI Li-li,et al.Interpretation of magnetic anomalies by horizontal and vertical derivatives of the analytic singal[J].Applied Geophysics,2012,9(4):468-474,496-497.
[9]马国庆.位场(重&磁)及其梯度异常自动解释方法研究:博士学位论文[D].长春:吉林大学,2013.MA Guo-qing.The study on the automatic interpretation methods of potential field(gravity&magnetic)and its gradients:doctor's degree thesis[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2013.
[10]Green R.Accurate determination of the dip angle of a geological contact using the gravity method[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1976,24(2):265-272.
[11]Dwain K B.Generalized gravity gradient analysis for 2Dinversion[J].Geophysics,1995,60(4):1018-1028.
[12]魏伟,刘天佑.梯度法解释复杂二维断裂重力异常[J].物探与化探,2005,29(4):347-350.WEI Wei,LIU Tian-you.Interpretation of complex twodimensional fault gravity anomalies by gradient method[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2005,29(4):347-350.
[13]Cooper G R J.Obtaining dip and susceptibility information from euler deconvolution using the hough transform[J].Computers and Geosciences,2006,32(10):1592-1599.
[14]高秀鹤,黄大年,孙思源,等.重力梯度数据协克里金三维反演确定岩脉倾向[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2017,47(2):589-596.GAO Xiu-he,HUANG Da-nian,SUN Si-yuan,et al.Identify the dip angle of the dipping dike model based on cokriging inversion of gravity grandient data[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2017,47(2):589-596.
[15]李丽丽,孟令顺,杜晓娟,等.一种断层重力异常定量解释方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(4):665-667.LI Li-li,MENG Ling-shun,DU Xiao-juan,et al.Aquantitative interpretation method for gravity anomaly of faults[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2012,47(4):665-667.
[2]侯启军,冯志强,冯子辉.松辽盆地陆相石油地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2009.HOU Qi-jun,FENG Zhi-qiang,FENG Zi-hui.Petroleum geology of continental facies in Songliao Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2009.
[3]王金臣.松辽盆地古中央隆起带基底构造特征研究:硕士学位论文[D].长春:吉林大学,2016.WANG Jin-chen.Study on the basement structure characteristics of the paleo central uplift belt:master's degree thesis[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2016.
[4]曹怀仁.松辽盆地烃源岩形成环境与页岩油地质评价研究:博士学位论文[D].广州:中国科学院大学,2017.CAO Huai-ren.The paleo-environment of source rock formation and geological evaluation of shale oil in Songliao Basin:doctor's degree thesis[D].Guangzhou:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017.
[5]刘殿秘.松辽盆地及其周围典型盆地部分地球物理特征:博士学位论文[D].长春:吉林大学,2008.LIU Dian-mi.Partial geophysical features of Songliao Basin and its peripheral typical basins:doctor's degree thesis[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2018.
[6]Cordell L,Grauch V J S.Mapping basement magnetization zones from aeromagnetic data in the San Juan Basin,New Mexico[J].Seg Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1982,1(1):520.
[7]Cordell L.Gravimetric expression of graben faulting in Santa Fe Country and the Espanola Basin,New Mexico[J]Science,2014,192:43-43.
[8]马国庆,杜晓娟,李丽丽,等.利用解析信号的水平与垂直导数进行磁异常的解释[J].应用地球物理,2012,9(4):468-474,496-497.MA Guo-qing,DU Xiao-juan,LI Li-li,et al.Interpretation of magnetic anomalies by horizontal and vertical derivatives of the analytic singal[J].Applied Geophysics,2012,9(4):468-474,496-497.
[9]马国庆.位场(重&磁)及其梯度异常自动解释方法研究:博士学位论文[D].长春:吉林大学,2013.MA Guo-qing.The study on the automatic interpretation methods of potential field(gravity&magnetic)and its gradients:doctor's degree thesis[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2013.
[10]Green R.Accurate determination of the dip angle of a geological contact using the gravity method[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1976,24(2):265-272.
[11]Dwain K B.Generalized gravity gradient analysis for 2Dinversion[J].Geophysics,1995,60(4):1018-1028.
[12]魏伟,刘天佑.梯度法解释复杂二维断裂重力异常[J].物探与化探,2005,29(4):347-350.WEI Wei,LIU Tian-you.Interpretation of complex twodimensional fault gravity anomalies by gradient method[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2005,29(4):347-350.
[13]Cooper G R J.Obtaining dip and susceptibility information from euler deconvolution using the hough transform[J].Computers and Geosciences,2006,32(10):1592-1599.
[14]高秀鹤,黄大年,孙思源,等.重力梯度数据协克里金三维反演确定岩脉倾向[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2017,47(2):589-596.GAO Xiu-he,HUANG Da-nian,SUN Si-yuan,et al.Identify the dip angle of the dipping dike model based on cokriging inversion of gravity grandient data[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2017,47(2):589-596.
[15]李丽丽,孟令顺,杜晓娟,等.一种断层重力异常定量解释方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(4):665-667.LI Li-li,MENG Ling-shun,DU Xiao-juan,et al.Aquantitative interpretation method for gravity anomaly of faults[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2012,47(4):665-667.
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