澳大利亚生物滞留池技术在中国的雨水处理能力验证
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摘要
指出了生物滞留池作为海绵城市的重要技术之一,可以有效地防止面源污染和控制雨水径流。研究监测了一个参照澳大利亚《雨水生物滞留系统设计导则》建设的雨水生物滞留池,分析了其对自然降雨事件中水量和水质的控制效果,验证了其在中国的应用。结果表明:此类雨水生物滞留池对降雨量小于10 mm的中小型降雨具备很好的径流控制能力,能有效地延缓洪峰流量。同时,该系统对TSS、TP、TN、COD、BOD5以及粪大肠菌群均有较好的去除效果。此外,生物滞留池植物的生长和进水负荷会对污染物的去除效果产生一定的影响。
As one of the key Sponge City technologies, bioretention systems are effective in both controlling the runoff volumes and non-point source pollutions. This study monitored a bioretention system that was designed according to the Australian "Adoption Guidelines for Stormwater Biofiltration Systems", investigated its performance in hydraulic and water treatment performance. The results show that the studied bioretention system was excellent in managing the runoff volume for small to medium rainfall events(<10 mm) and was able to attenuate the peak runoff rates effectively. The system was also able to remove TSS, TP, TN,COD, BOD5 and E.coli in stormwater. Results also indicate that the plants as well as the hydraulic loading rates impacted the treatment performance of the bioretention system.
As one of the key Sponge City technologies, bioretention systems are effective in both controlling the runoff volumes and non-point source pollutions. This study monitored a bioretention system that was designed according to the Australian "Adoption Guidelines for Stormwater Biofiltration Systems", investigated its performance in hydraulic and water treatment performance. The results show that the studied bioretention system was excellent in managing the runoff volume for small to medium rainfall events(<10 mm) and was able to attenuate the peak runoff rates effectively. The system was also able to remove TSS, TP, TN,COD, BOD5 and E.coli in stormwater. Results also indicate that the plants as well as the hydraulic loading rates impacted the treatment performance of the bioretention system.
引文
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[15]章茹,李艳根,刘志超,等.植物及存水区对南方生物滞留池去污效果的影响[J].环境工程,2017,35(8):29～33,45.
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[19]边博,朱伟,黄峰,等.镇江城市降雨径流营养盐污染特征研究[J].环境科学,2008(1):19～25.
[20]边博.前期晴天时间对城市降雨径流污染水质的影响[J].环境科学,2009,30(12):3522～3526.
[21]解建光,张雪,李贺.高速公路路面雨水径流有机污染物赋存状态研究[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(10):1047～1051.
[22]李贺,石峻青,沈刚,等.高速公路雨水径流重金属污染特性研究[J].环境科学,2009,30(6):1621～1625.
[23]Davis A P.Field performance of bioretention:water quality[J].Environment Engineering Science,2007,24(8):1048～1063.
[24]万哲希,刘雨童,李田.木屑强化生物滞留池对径流中营养物质的长期有效去除[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2019,47(2):215～221.
[25]仇付国,王珂,于栋,等.沸石改良雨水生物滞留系统去除污染物研究[J].环境科学与技术,2018,41(3):124～129.
[26]Hunt W F,Jarrett A R,Smith J T,et al.Evaluating bioretention hydrology and nutrient removal at three field sites in north carolina[J].Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering,2006,132(6):600.
[2]US Environmental Protection Agency.National management measures to control nonpoint source pollution from urban areas[R].Washington D C:Agency Office of Water.United States Environmental Protection,2005.
[3]仇保兴.海绵城市(LID)的内涵、途径与展望[J].给水排水,2015,51(3):1～7.
[4]Payne E G I,Pham T,Cook P L M,et al.Biofilter design for effective nitrogen removal from stormwater–Influence of plant species,inflow hydrology and use of a saturated zone [J].Water Science and Technology,2014(69):1312～1319.
[5]胡爱兵,李子富,张书函,等.模拟生物滞留池净化城市机动车道路雨水径流[J].中国给水排水,2012,28(13):75～79.
[6]Hunt W F,Davis A P,Traver R G.Meeting hydrologic and water quality goals through targeted bioretention design [J].Journal of Environmental Engineering,2010,138(6):698～707.
[7]Bratieres K,Fletecher T D,Deletic A,et al.Nutrient and sediment removal by stormwater biofilters:a large-scale design optimization study[J].Water Research,2008,42(14).
[8]安娜·德莱蒂奇,比琳达·哈特,大卫·麦卡锡,等.生态型景观——利用雨水生态过滤系统为城市提供多重环境功能与效益[J].中国园林,2014,30(5):25～33.
[9]Payne E G I,Hatt B E,Deletic A,et al.Adoption guidelies for stormwater biofiltration systems [M].Melbourne:Cooperative Research Centre for Water Sensitive Cities.2015.
[10]比琳达·哈特,安娜·德莱蒂奇,亚龙·辛格尔,等.生态型景观——利用雨水生态过滤系统为城市提供多重环境功能与效益[J].中国园林,2014,30(5):50～54,33.
[11]孙立,靳林强.城乡规划层面落实海绵城市建设的路径研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(S1):101～104.
[12]谭芳.基于海绵城市理念的水敏性停车场设计研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2017.
[13]姜登岭,张丹荣,何连生,等.生物滞留设施净化城市面源污染研究进展 [J].环境工程技术学报,2019,9(1):96～102.
[14]许萍,何俊超,张建强,等.生物滞留强化脱氮除磷技术研究进展[J].环境工程,2015,33(11):21～25,30.
[15]章茹,李艳根,刘志超,等.植物及存水区对南方生物滞留池去污效果的影响[J].环境工程,2017,35(8):29～33,45.
[16]国家环境保护总局.GB 3838-2002 地表水环境质量标准 [S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[17]陆宇,张雪,李贺.高速公路路面径流污染特征分析 [J].现代交通技术,2007(06):81～84.
[18]李贺,张雪,高海鹰,等.高速公路路面雨水径流污染特征分析 [J].中国环境科学,2008(11):1037～1041.
[19]边博,朱伟,黄峰,等.镇江城市降雨径流营养盐污染特征研究[J].环境科学,2008(1):19～25.
[20]边博.前期晴天时间对城市降雨径流污染水质的影响[J].环境科学,2009,30(12):3522～3526.
[21]解建光,张雪,李贺.高速公路路面雨水径流有机污染物赋存状态研究[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(10):1047～1051.
[22]李贺,石峻青,沈刚,等.高速公路雨水径流重金属污染特性研究[J].环境科学,2009,30(6):1621～1625.
[23]Davis A P.Field performance of bioretention:water quality[J].Environment Engineering Science,2007,24(8):1048～1063.
[24]万哲希,刘雨童,李田.木屑强化生物滞留池对径流中营养物质的长期有效去除[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2019,47(2):215～221.
[25]仇付国,王珂,于栋,等.沸石改良雨水生物滞留系统去除污染物研究[J].环境科学与技术,2018,41(3):124～129.
[26]Hunt W F,Jarrett A R,Smith J T,et al.Evaluating bioretention hydrology and nutrient removal at three field sites in north carolina[J].Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering,2006,132(6):600.
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