等幅循环加载岩石非均匀变形演化试验研究
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摘要
为了研究循环加载条件下岩石的变形演化规律,开展了红砂岩试件的等幅循环加载与分级等幅循环加载试验。采用CCD相机对试验过程中试件的变形图像进行采集,基于数字散斑相关方法分析了等幅循环加载过程中试件的非均匀变形演化规律。分析研究发现:循环加载过程中,随着循环次数的增加,试件的非均匀变形场逐步演化,变形局部化现象愈加明显;非均匀变形在循环加载过程中存在时间滞后和变形累积特征,且分级等幅循环加载过程中其峰值应力的增加会使非均匀变形的滞后特性与累积特征更加明显;在试件发生破坏前,加载顶点和卸载底点的非均匀变形指标数值逐渐接近。研究循环加载作用下岩石的非均匀变形演化规律,可为岩石破坏提供新的前兆信息。
In order to study the deformation and evolution laws of rock under cyclic loading conditions, the constant amplitude cyclic loading tests and multistage constant amplitude cyclic loading tests of red sandstone specimens have been carried out. The deformation images of specimens during the tests have been collected with CCD cameras, and based on the digital speckle correlation methods, the evolution laws of non-uniform deformation of specimens in the process of constant amplitude cyclic loading have been analyzed. The research results have shown that during the cyclic loading process,with the increase of cyclic numbers, the non-uniform deformation field of specimen gradually evolves and the deformation localization phenomenon is more and more obvious. The characteristics of time hysteresis and deformation accumulation in non-uniform deformation exist during the cyclic loading process, and the increase of peak stress in the process of multistage constant amplitude cyclic loading will make the hysteresis and accumulation characteristics of non-uniform deformation more obvious.Before the failure of rock specimen, the values of non-uniform deformation index at the peak point of loading and the bottom point of unloading are getting closer. The study on the evolution laws of non-uniform deformation of rock under cyclic loading can provide new precursory information for rock failure.
In order to study the deformation and evolution laws of rock under cyclic loading conditions, the constant amplitude cyclic loading tests and multistage constant amplitude cyclic loading tests of red sandstone specimens have been carried out. The deformation images of specimens during the tests have been collected with CCD cameras, and based on the digital speckle correlation methods, the evolution laws of non-uniform deformation of specimens in the process of constant amplitude cyclic loading have been analyzed. The research results have shown that during the cyclic loading process,with the increase of cyclic numbers, the non-uniform deformation field of specimen gradually evolves and the deformation localization phenomenon is more and more obvious. The characteristics of time hysteresis and deformation accumulation in non-uniform deformation exist during the cyclic loading process, and the increase of peak stress in the process of multistage constant amplitude cyclic loading will make the hysteresis and accumulation characteristics of non-uniform deformation more obvious.Before the failure of rock specimen, the values of non-uniform deformation index at the peak point of loading and the bottom point of unloading are getting closer. The study on the evolution laws of non-uniform deformation of rock under cyclic loading can provide new precursory information for rock failure.
引文
[1]蒋维.岩石统计损伤本构模型与圆形硐室岩爆研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2011.
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[9]刘建锋,谢和平,徐进,等.循环荷载作用下岩石阻尼特性的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(4):712-717.LIU Jianfeng,XIE Heping,XU Jin,et al.Experimental study on damping characteristics of rock under cyclic loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(4):712-717.
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[11]周家文,杨兴国,符文熹,等.脆性岩石单轴循环加卸载试验及断裂损伤力学特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(6):1172-1183.ZHOU Jiawen,YANG Xingguo,FU Wenxi,et al.Experimental test and fracture damage mechanical characteristics of brittle rock under uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(6):1172-1183.
[12]夏冬,杨天鸿,王培涛,等.循环加卸载下饱和岩石变形破坏的损伤与能量分析[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2014,35(6):867-870.XIA Dong,YANG Tianhong,WANG Peitao,et al.Analysis on damage and energy in deformation and fracture of saturated rock subjected to cyclic loading and unloading[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science),2014,35(6):867-870.
[13]宋杰,李术才,刘斌,等.灰岩岩样等幅和分级循环加卸载过程中电阻率响应规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增刊2):3880-3887.SONG Jie,LI Shucai,LIU Bin,et al.Study on resistivity response law of limestone in processes of constant amplitude and tiered cyclic loading and unloading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(Sup 2):3880-3887.
[14]徐速超,冯夏庭,陈炳瑞.矽卡岩单轴循环加卸载试验及声发射特性研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(10):2929-2934.XU Suchao,FENG Xiating,CHEN Bingrui.Experimental study of skarn under uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading test and acoustic emission characteristics[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(10):2929-2934.
[15]李楠,王恩元,赵恩来,等.岩石循环加载和分级加载损伤破坏声发射实验研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(7):1099-1103.LI Nan,WANG Enyuan,ZHAO Enlai,et al.Experiment on acoustic emission of rock damage and fracture under cyclic loading and multi-stage loading[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(7):1099-1103.
[16]陈宇龙,魏作安,张千贵.等幅循环加载与分级循环加载下砂岩声发射Felicity效应试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(2):226-230.CHEN Yulong,WEI Zuo’an,ZHANG Qiangui.Experimental study on Felicity effect of acoustic emission in rock under cyclic loading and tiered cyclic loading[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(2):226-230.
[17]李浩然,杨春和,刘玉刚,等.单轴荷载作用下盐岩声波与声发射特征试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(10):2107-2116.LI Haoran,YANG Chunhe,LIU Yugang,et al.Experimental study of ultrasonic velocity and acoustic emission properties of salt rock under uniaxial compression load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(10):2107-2116.
[18]MENG Qingbin,ZHANG Mingwei,HAN Lijun,et al.Acoustic emission characteristics of red sandstone specimens under uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading compression[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2018,51(4):969-988.
[19]MOGI K.Source locations of elastic shocks in the fracturing processes in rocks[J].Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute Tokyo Imperial University,1968,46:1103-1125.
[20]SCHOLZ C H.Experimental study of the fracturing process in brittle rocks[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1968,73(4):1447-1454.
[21]WU L X,LIU S J,WU Y H,et al.Changes in IR with rock deformation[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2002,39(6):825-831.
[22]董玉芬,王来贵,刘向峰,等.岩石变形过程中红外辐射的实验研究[J].岩土力学,2001,22(2):134-137.DONG Yufen,WANG Laigui,LIU Xiangfeng,et al.The experimental research of the infrared radiation in the process of rock deformation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2001,22(2):134-137.
[23]宋义敏,马少鹏,杨小彬,等.岩石变形破坏的数字散斑相关方法研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(1):170-175.SONG Yimin,MA Shaopeng,YANG Xiaobin,et al.Experimental investigation on failure of rock by digital speckle correlation methods[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(1):170-175.
[24]宋义敏,邢同振,赵同彬,等.岩石单轴压缩变形场演化的声发射特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(3):534-542.SONG Yimin,XING Tongzhen,ZHAO Tongbin,et al.Acoustic emission characteristics of deformation field development of rock under uniaxial loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(3):534-542.
[25]杨小彬,宋义敏,赵同彬.岩石变形破坏演化力学分析[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2016:47-54.
[2]BIENIAWSKI Z T.Mechanism of brittle fracture of rocks:part I[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1967,4(4):395-404.
[3]魏世明,柴敬.岩石变形破坏过程的光纤光栅传感检测方法研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2010,29(2):233-238.WEI Shiming,CHAI Jing.A method of fiber Bragg grating sensing in rock deformation and damage test[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science),2010,29(2):233-238.
[4]李树春.周期荷载作用下岩石变形与损伤规律及其非线性特征[D].重庆:重庆大学,2008.
[5]RAY S K,SARKAR M,SINGH T N.Effect of cyclic loading and strain rate on the mechanical behaviour of sandstone[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1999,36(4):543-549.
[6]LIANG Weiguo,ZHANG Chuanda.GAO Hongbo,et al.Experiments on mechanical properties of salt rocks under cyclic loading[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2012,4(1):54-61.
[7]汪斌,朱杰兵,邬爱清,等.锦屏大理岩加、卸载应力路径下力学性质试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(10):2138-2145.WANG Bin,ZHU Jiebing,WU Aiqing,et al.Experimental study on mechanical properties of Jinping marble under loading and unloading stress paths[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(10):2138-2145.
[8]谢红强,何江达,徐进.岩石加卸载变形特性及力学参数试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(3):336-338.XIE Hongqiang,HE Jiangda,XU Jin.Deformation characteristics of rock under loading and unloading conditions and experimental study of mechanical parameters[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(3):336-338.
[9]刘建锋,谢和平,徐进,等.循环荷载作用下岩石阻尼特性的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(4):712-717.LIU Jianfeng,XIE Heping,XU Jin,et al.Experimental study on damping characteristics of rock under cyclic loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(4):712-717.
[10]肖建清,丁德馨,徐根,等.常幅循环荷载下岩石的变形特性[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,41(2):685-691.XIAO Jianqing,DING Dexin,XU Gen,et al.Deformation characteristics of rock under constant amplitude cyclic loading[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2010,41(2):685-691.
[11]周家文,杨兴国,符文熹,等.脆性岩石单轴循环加卸载试验及断裂损伤力学特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(6):1172-1183.ZHOU Jiawen,YANG Xingguo,FU Wenxi,et al.Experimental test and fracture damage mechanical characteristics of brittle rock under uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(6):1172-1183.
[12]夏冬,杨天鸿,王培涛,等.循环加卸载下饱和岩石变形破坏的损伤与能量分析[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2014,35(6):867-870.XIA Dong,YANG Tianhong,WANG Peitao,et al.Analysis on damage and energy in deformation and fracture of saturated rock subjected to cyclic loading and unloading[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science),2014,35(6):867-870.
[13]宋杰,李术才,刘斌,等.灰岩岩样等幅和分级循环加卸载过程中电阻率响应规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增刊2):3880-3887.SONG Jie,LI Shucai,LIU Bin,et al.Study on resistivity response law of limestone in processes of constant amplitude and tiered cyclic loading and unloading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(Sup 2):3880-3887.
[14]徐速超,冯夏庭,陈炳瑞.矽卡岩单轴循环加卸载试验及声发射特性研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(10):2929-2934.XU Suchao,FENG Xiating,CHEN Bingrui.Experimental study of skarn under uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading test and acoustic emission characteristics[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(10):2929-2934.
[15]李楠,王恩元,赵恩来,等.岩石循环加载和分级加载损伤破坏声发射实验研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(7):1099-1103.LI Nan,WANG Enyuan,ZHAO Enlai,et al.Experiment on acoustic emission of rock damage and fracture under cyclic loading and multi-stage loading[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(7):1099-1103.
[16]陈宇龙,魏作安,张千贵.等幅循环加载与分级循环加载下砂岩声发射Felicity效应试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(2):226-230.CHEN Yulong,WEI Zuo’an,ZHANG Qiangui.Experimental study on Felicity effect of acoustic emission in rock under cyclic loading and tiered cyclic loading[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(2):226-230.
[17]李浩然,杨春和,刘玉刚,等.单轴荷载作用下盐岩声波与声发射特征试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(10):2107-2116.LI Haoran,YANG Chunhe,LIU Yugang,et al.Experimental study of ultrasonic velocity and acoustic emission properties of salt rock under uniaxial compression load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(10):2107-2116.
[18]MENG Qingbin,ZHANG Mingwei,HAN Lijun,et al.Acoustic emission characteristics of red sandstone specimens under uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading compression[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2018,51(4):969-988.
[19]MOGI K.Source locations of elastic shocks in the fracturing processes in rocks[J].Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute Tokyo Imperial University,1968,46:1103-1125.
[20]SCHOLZ C H.Experimental study of the fracturing process in brittle rocks[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1968,73(4):1447-1454.
[21]WU L X,LIU S J,WU Y H,et al.Changes in IR with rock deformation[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2002,39(6):825-831.
[22]董玉芬,王来贵,刘向峰,等.岩石变形过程中红外辐射的实验研究[J].岩土力学,2001,22(2):134-137.DONG Yufen,WANG Laigui,LIU Xiangfeng,et al.The experimental research of the infrared radiation in the process of rock deformation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2001,22(2):134-137.
[23]宋义敏,马少鹏,杨小彬,等.岩石变形破坏的数字散斑相关方法研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(1):170-175.SONG Yimin,MA Shaopeng,YANG Xiaobin,et al.Experimental investigation on failure of rock by digital speckle correlation methods[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(1):170-175.
[24]宋义敏,邢同振,赵同彬,等.岩石单轴压缩变形场演化的声发射特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(3):534-542.SONG Yimin,XING Tongzhen,ZHAO Tongbin,et al.Acoustic emission characteristics of deformation field development of rock under uniaxial loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(3):534-542.
[25]杨小彬,宋义敏,赵同彬.岩石变形破坏演化力学分析[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2016:47-54.
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