辽东湾表层沉积物中生物标志物记录的浮游藻类生物量和群落组成特征
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摘要
对渤海辽东湾海域表层沉积物中浮游植物生物标志物的分布进行了研究。通过对辽东湾51个站位的调查研究发现,硅藻、甲藻和颗石藻这3种浮游植物的生物标志物含量分布规律不明显,为了消除粒度和沉积速率的影响,将这3种生物标志物总量与总有机碳(TOC)含量做比值,得到的相对含量从湾内到湾口随着离岸距离增加而增加,生物标志物指示的初级生产力与现场调查的结果一致,表明生物标志物法基本可以用来重建初级生产力。辽东湾海域初级生产力在湾口高于湾内,表明其主要控制因素是水体浊度而不是陆源营养盐的输入。辽东湾西侧菊花岛附近初级生产力的高值主要与人类养殖、陆源排污等导致的水体富营养化相关。生物标志物的相对比例结果显示,辽东湾两侧近岸区硅藻和甲藻相对贡献高,尤其是硅藻占据绝对优势,这主要与硅藻在高营养盐的情况下具有竞争优势有关,而在辽东湾中部发现高的颗石藻相对贡献与黄海暖流入侵路径相对应。
This paper reported the distribution of phytoplankton biomarkers in surface sediments of Liaodong Bay,Bohai Sea.The distribution of biomarkers of three phytoplankton species,diatoms,dinoflagellates and haptophytes was not obvious in 51 surface sediments from Liaodong Bay.Biomarker contents were normalized to the total organic carbon(TOC)to eliminate the influence of grain size and sedimentation rate,it was found that the relative content increased from the bay to the estuary in Liaodong Bay.The primary productivity indicated by biomarkers is consistent with the results from modern water column phytoplankton surveys,indicating that the biomarkers can be used to reconstruct the primary productivity.The primary productivity in the Liaodong Bay is higher than that in the Bay mouth,which indicates that the main controlling factor is the turbidity of the water column rather than the input of terrestrial nutrients.The high primary productivity near Juhua Island on the west side of Liaodong Bay is mainly related to eutrophication caused by human culture and land-based sewage discharge.The relative proportion of biomarkers showed that diatom and dinoflagellate contributed more to the coastal area of Liaodong Bay,especially diatom occupied an absolute advantage,which was mainly related to the competitive advantage of diatom under the condition of high nutrient salts,while high haptophytes was found in the middle of Liaodong Bay,which corresponded to the invasion path of the Yellow Sea Warm Current(YSWC).
This paper reported the distribution of phytoplankton biomarkers in surface sediments of Liaodong Bay,Bohai Sea.The distribution of biomarkers of three phytoplankton species,diatoms,dinoflagellates and haptophytes was not obvious in 51 surface sediments from Liaodong Bay.Biomarker contents were normalized to the total organic carbon(TOC)to eliminate the influence of grain size and sedimentation rate,it was found that the relative content increased from the bay to the estuary in Liaodong Bay.The primary productivity indicated by biomarkers is consistent with the results from modern water column phytoplankton surveys,indicating that the biomarkers can be used to reconstruct the primary productivity.The primary productivity in the Liaodong Bay is higher than that in the Bay mouth,which indicates that the main controlling factor is the turbidity of the water column rather than the input of terrestrial nutrients.The high primary productivity near Juhua Island on the west side of Liaodong Bay is mainly related to eutrophication caused by human culture and land-based sewage discharge.The relative proportion of biomarkers showed that diatom and dinoflagellate contributed more to the coastal area of Liaodong Bay,especially diatom occupied an absolute advantage,which was mainly related to the competitive advantage of diatom under the condition of high nutrient salts,while high haptophytes was found in the middle of Liaodong Bay,which corresponded to the invasion path of the Yellow Sea Warm Current(YSWC).
引文
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[21]高伟,宫相忠,双秀芝,等.2009年夏、冬季辽东湾网采浮游植物群落结构分析[J].海洋湖沼通报,2012,36(4):57-64.
[22]卞少伟,韩龙,张震,等.2013年8月和11月辽东湾近岸海域浮游植物群落结构[J].湿地科学,2016,14(4):493-498.
[23]王昆,吴景,杜静,等.夏季和冬季辽东湾海域水体中叶绿素a含量分布特征[J].水产科学,2016,35(6):675-680.
[24] Wu Y L,Zhang Y S,Zhou C X.Phytoplankton distribution and community structure in the East China Sea(ECS)Continental Shelf[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology&Limnology,2000,18(1):74-79.
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[26]汪品先,成鑫荣.东海底质中钙质超微化石的分布[J].海洋学报:中文版,1988,10(1):76-85.
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[28]芮晓庆,刘传联,梁丹,等.南黄海表层沉积物中钙质超微化石的分布[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2011,31(5):89-93.
[29]温国义,李广雪,赵东波,等.根据AVHRRSST探讨中国北部海域冬季环流演变[J].海洋环境科学,2008,27(s2):19-23.
[30]钟石兰,汪亚平,高抒,等.胶州湾表层沉积颗石藻Gephyrocapsa oceanica的分布模式及其与环境的关系(英文)[J].古生物学报,2001,40(4):505-513.
[2]张海龙,邢磊,赵美训,等.东海和黄海表层沉积物生物标志物的分布特征及古生态重建潜力[J].中国海洋大学学报:自然科学版,2008,38(6):992-996.
[3]赵美训,赵晓晨,陈建芳,等.南海表层沉积物生物标志物的分布特征及古生产力重建意义[J].热带海洋学报,2009,28(3):45-53.
[4]方志刚,穆云侠.渤海辽东湾富营养化的趋势研究[J].环境保护科学,2001,27(3):15-17.
[5]宋广军,李爱,吴金浩,等.19-3油田溢油对辽东湾浮游植物群落的影响[J].渔业科学进展,2016,37(4):60-66.
[6]双秀芝,宫相忠,何青,等.2009年春季辽东湾浮游植物群落[J].海洋湖沼通报,2011,35(3):32-38.
[7]高伟,宫相忠,双秀芝,等.2009年夏、冬季辽东湾网采浮游植物群落结构分析[J].海洋科学,2012,36(5):57-64.
[8]马志强,周遵春,薛克,等.辽东湾北部海区初级生产力与渔业资源的关系[J].水产科学,2004,23(4):12-15.
[9]李丽,刘杰,贺娟,等.2008年夏季南海北部浮游藻类生物量和群落组成特征及其影响因素:生物标记物研究[J].科学通报,2014,59(11):1016-1025.
[10]李丽,汪品先.大洋“生物泵”——海洋浮游植物生物标志物[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2004,24(4):73-79.
[11] Zhao J,Bianchi T S,Li X,et al.Historical eutrophication in the Changjiang and Mississippi delta-front estuaries:Stable sedimentary chloropigments as biomarkers[J].Continental Shelf Research,2012,47(10):133-144.
[12] Xing L,Zhao M X,Zhang H L,et al.Biomarker reconstruction of phytoplankton productivity and community structure changes in the middle Okinawa Trough during the last 15ka[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2008,53(16):2552-2559.
[13] Xing L,Zhang H L,Yuan Z N,et al.Terrestrial and marine biomarker estimates of organic matter sources and distributions in surface sediments from the East China Sea shelf[J].Continental Shelf Research,2011,31(10):1106-1115.
[14] He J,Zhao M X,Wang P X,et al.Changes in phytoplankton productivity and community structure in the northern South China Sea during the past 260 ka[J].Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology,2013,392:312-323.
[15] Xing L,Tao S Q,Zhang H L,et al.Distributions and origins of lipid biomarkers in surface sediments from the southern Yellow Sea[J].Applied Geochemistry,2011,26(8):1584-1593.
[16] Xing L,Zhao M X,Gao W,et al.Multiple proxy estimates of source and spatial variation in organic matter in surface sediments from the southern Yellow Sea[J].Organic Geochemistry,2014,76:72-81.
[17]王星辰,邢磊,张海龙,等.北黄海—渤海表层沉积物中浮游植物生物标志物的分布特征及指示意义[J].中国海洋大学学报:自然科学版,2014,44(5):69-73.
[18] Xing L,Hou D,Wang X C,et al.Assessment of the sources of sedimentary organic matter in the Bohai Sea and the northern Yellow Sea using biomarker proxies[J].Estuarine Coastal&Shelf Science,2016,176:67-75.
[19] Volkman J K,Barrett S M,Blackburn S I,et al.Microalgal biomarkers:a review of recent research developments[J].Organic Geochemistry,1998,29(5-7):1163-1179.
[20]杨松林,刘国贤,杜瑞芝,等.用210Pb年代学方法对辽东湾现代沉积速率研究[J].沉积学报,1993,11(1):128-135.
[21]高伟,宫相忠,双秀芝,等.2009年夏、冬季辽东湾网采浮游植物群落结构分析[J].海洋湖沼通报,2012,36(4):57-64.
[22]卞少伟,韩龙,张震,等.2013年8月和11月辽东湾近岸海域浮游植物群落结构[J].湿地科学,2016,14(4):493-498.
[23]王昆,吴景,杜静,等.夏季和冬季辽东湾海域水体中叶绿素a含量分布特征[J].水产科学,2016,35(6):675-680.
[24] Wu Y L,Zhang Y S,Zhou C X.Phytoplankton distribution and community structure in the East China Sea(ECS)Continental Shelf[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology&Limnology,2000,18(1):74-79.
[25] Chen Y L L,Chen H Y,Chung C W.Seasonal variability of coccolithophore abundance and assemblage in the northern South China Sea[J].Deep Sea Research Part II:Topical Studies in Oceanography,2007,54(14):1617-1633.
[26]汪品先,成鑫荣.东海底质中钙质超微化石的分布[J].海洋学报:中文版,1988,10(1):76-85.
[27]李文勤.黄、渤海表层沉积物中钙质超微化石分布规律与黄海暖流流路[J].黄渤海海洋,1991,9(1):7-11.
[28]芮晓庆,刘传联,梁丹,等.南黄海表层沉积物中钙质超微化石的分布[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2011,31(5):89-93.
[29]温国义,李广雪,赵东波,等.根据AVHRRSST探讨中国北部海域冬季环流演变[J].海洋环境科学,2008,27(s2):19-23.
[30]钟石兰,汪亚平,高抒,等.胶州湾表层沉积颗石藻Gephyrocapsa oceanica的分布模式及其与环境的关系(英文)[J].古生物学报,2001,40(4):505-513.
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