汉江孤山航电枢纽工程区近坝滑坡稳定性分析及防治工程建议
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摘要
汉江孤山航电枢纽近坝河段从下游至上游分别发育陈家咀、罗行滩和青石梁等3处滑坡,对大坝安全构成重大危害,陈家咀滑坡为大型岩质切层滑坡,规模约2.40×10~6m~3,罗行滩滑坡为中型堆积层滑坡,规模约7.0×10~5m~3,青石梁滑坡为中型岩质顺层滑坡,规模约8.1×10~5m~3; 3处滑坡现状整体均基本稳定,水库运行后或建坝前后叠加暴雨久雨滑体饱水等多种工况下处于欠稳定-不稳定状态;罗行滩滑坡主要危及大坝右岸施工道路、围堰工程和水工建筑物的安全,陈家咀滑坡若失稳主要影响大坝泄洪能力、通航安全和电站出力,青石梁滑坡对枢纽工程的影响主要为滑坡涌浪造成的次生灾害,此外滑坡还危及滑体上居民和基础设施安全,以及影响汉江行洪、航运等,地质灾害危害程度大,危险性大。建议,陈家咀滑坡采用抗滑桩+抛石压脚+排水等工程措施,罗行滩滑坡和青石梁滑坡采用以削方减载+排水为主的工程措施,并开展变形监测,以消除滑坡灾害。
From the downstream to the upper reaches of the Gushan Navigation and Power Hub of the Hanjiang River,there are three landslides,Chen Jiazui,Luohongtan and Qingshiliang,which pose a great harm to the safety of the dam.Chenjiazui Landslide is a large rock-cut layer landslide with a scale of 2 400 000 m~3,the Luohongtan Landslide is a middle-sized accumulation layer landslide,the scale is about 700 000 m~3,and the Qingshiliang Landslide is a medium rock bedding landslide.The present situation of the landslide at 810 000 m~3.Near-dam landslide is basically stable at present,but could be in an understable or unstable state when the reservoir is in operation or under the condition of superimposed heavy rain,excessive rain and saturated slide body,etc.The Luohongtan Landslide mainly endangers the construction road on the right bank of the dam.For the safety of cofferdam and hydraulic structures,the instability of Chenjiazui Landslide mainly affects the flood discharge capacity of dam,navigation safety and power station output.The influence of Qingshiliang Landslide on the project is mainly secondary disaster caused by landslide surge.In addition,an unstable landslide could not only endanger the safety of residents and infrastructure on the slide body,but also affect the flood flow and navigation of the Hanjiang River.The geological hazards have a great degree of harm and great danger.On the basis of the study,engineering measures such as anti-slide pile and stone pedestal draining are suggested in Chen Jiazui Landslide control project,engineering measures such as cutting side load reduction and front guard foot drainage are suggested in Luohongtan and Qingshiliang Landslide control projects.Deformation monitoring should also be adopted in order to eliminate landslide disaster.
From the downstream to the upper reaches of the Gushan Navigation and Power Hub of the Hanjiang River,there are three landslides,Chen Jiazui,Luohongtan and Qingshiliang,which pose a great harm to the safety of the dam.Chenjiazui Landslide is a large rock-cut layer landslide with a scale of 2 400 000 m~3,the Luohongtan Landslide is a middle-sized accumulation layer landslide,the scale is about 700 000 m~3,and the Qingshiliang Landslide is a medium rock bedding landslide.The present situation of the landslide at 810 000 m~3.Near-dam landslide is basically stable at present,but could be in an understable or unstable state when the reservoir is in operation or under the condition of superimposed heavy rain,excessive rain and saturated slide body,etc.The Luohongtan Landslide mainly endangers the construction road on the right bank of the dam.For the safety of cofferdam and hydraulic structures,the instability of Chenjiazui Landslide mainly affects the flood discharge capacity of dam,navigation safety and power station output.The influence of Qingshiliang Landslide on the project is mainly secondary disaster caused by landslide surge.In addition,an unstable landslide could not only endanger the safety of residents and infrastructure on the slide body,but also affect the flood flow and navigation of the Hanjiang River.The geological hazards have a great degree of harm and great danger.On the basis of the study,engineering measures such as anti-slide pile and stone pedestal draining are suggested in Chen Jiazui Landslide control project,engineering measures such as cutting side load reduction and front guard foot drainage are suggested in Luohongtan and Qingshiliang Landslide control projects.Deformation monitoring should also be adopted in order to eliminate landslide disaster.
引文
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[12]董建辉,吴启红,万世明,等.突发滑坡应急监测预警技术体系研究[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(11):135-140.DONG Jianhui,WU Qihong,WAN Shiming,et al.Research on the technical system of emergencymonitoring and early warning of sudden landslide[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2018,18(11):135-140.
[2]姚伟,侯宗博,张永康,等.某多次治理滑坡的变形机理和经验教训[J].工程地质学报,2014,22(S1):320-325.YAO Wei,HOU Zongbo,ZHANG Yongkang,et al.The deformation mechanism and experience of acertain number of landslide treatment[J]. Journal ofEngineering Geology,2014,22(S1):320-325.
[3] VOIGHT B,FAUST C. Frictional heat and strengthloss in some rapid landslides:error correction andaffirmation of mechanism for the Vaiont landslide[J].Geotechnique,1992,42(4):641-643.
[4]胡卸文,黄润秋,施裕兵,等.唐家山滑坡堵江机制及堰塞坝溃坝模式分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(1):181-189.HU Xiewen,HUANG Runqiu,SHI Yubing,et al.Analysis of mechanism and dam break model ofTangjiashan landslide[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Engineering,2009,28(1):181-189.
[5]张立舟,瞿嘉玮,邓湘波,等.极限平衡Morgenstern-Price法与有限元ABAQUS法在边坡稳定性评价中的应用[J].重庆理工大学学报:自然科学,2013,27(6):23-27,32.ZHANG Lizhou,QU Jiawei,DENG Xiangbo,et al.Application of limit equilibrium Morgenstern-Pricemethod and finite element ABAQUS method in slopestability evaluation[J]. Journal of ChongqingUniversity of Science and Technology:NaturalScience,2013,27(6):23-27,32.
[6]肖婷,殷坤龙,杨背背,等.三峡库区四方碑滑坡稳定性与变形趋势预测[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2018,29(1):10-14.XIAO Ting, YIN Kunlong, YANG Beibei, et al.Stability and deformation trend prediction of theSifangbei landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard andControl,2018,29(1):10-14.
[7]康璇,徐光黎,刘府生,等.降雨条件下多层结构喷出岩滑坡孔隙水压力变化与稳定性分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2018,29(1):15-22.KANG Xuan,XU Guangli,LIU Fusheng,et al. Porepressure and stability analysis of a multi-layer volcanicrock landslide under condition rainfall[J]. TheChinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2018,29(1):15-22.
[8]张启兴,李彬,毛建业,等.青海西宁北山寺斜坡区灾害特征与成因机制分析[J].世界地质,2013,32(3):618-626.ZHANG Qixing,LI bin,MAO Jianye,et al. Disastercharacteristics and genetic mechanism of Beishanmonastery slope in Xining, Qinghai[J]. WorldGeology,2013,32(3):618-626.
[9]王启国,刘高峰,宋斌,等.海排滑坡基本特征及对上江坝址枢纽工程的影响[J].资源环境与工程,2009,23(1):28-31.WANG Qiguo,LIU Gaofeng,SONG Bin,et al. Thebasic characteristics of Haipai landslide and itsinfluence on Shangjiang Dam site project[J].Resource Environment and Engineering,2009,23(1):28-31.
[10]马鑫磊,任光明,夏敏.滑坡涌浪预测评价方法综述[J].水利水电科技进展,2015,35(3):89-98.MA Xinlei,REN Guangming,XIA Min. Summary oflandslide surge prediction and evaluation methods[J].Advances in Science and Technology in WaterConservancy and Hydropower,2015,35(3):89-98.
[11]黄永亮,汤云波,张飞,等.浙江嵊州市环城西路滑坡整治措施分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2014,25(1):18-22.HUANG Yongliang,TANG Yunbo,ZHANG Fei,etal. Analysis on remedy engineering of landslide atHuancheng west road,Shengzhou of Zhejiang Province[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard andControl,2014,25(1):18-22.
[12]董建辉,吴启红,万世明,等.突发滑坡应急监测预警技术体系研究[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(11):135-140.DONG Jianhui,WU Qihong,WAN Shiming,et al.Research on the technical system of emergencymonitoring and early warning of sudden landslide[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2018,18(11):135-140.
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