松散、破碎、易冲蚀地层四重管密闭保形取芯钻具研制
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摘要
基于松散、破碎、易冲蚀地层结构特征和钻取岩芯难点,提出了将防振动、防岩芯脱落、防冲刷冲蚀和地表岩芯筒出芯防止人为破坏等功能组合为一体的钻取岩芯设计思路,研制出一种具有多重提高取芯质量结构的新型取芯器,采用球铰头实现单动防振,内层岩芯管中设置第三层半合管,采用底喷式钻头、弹簧活塞、软管支架及软管实现钻取岩芯的密闭保形。试验测试结果表明,该取样器能够显著提高复杂地层钻取岩芯质量,岩芯原状性好。针对试验中存在的问题,提出了采用内管超前式钻头和增设一个爪簧进一步提高取芯质量的建议。
Based on the structural characteristics of loose, fractured and erodible strata and the difficulty in sampling, a coring design concept with the prevention function of rotating vibration, core falling, core flushing and manual disturbance during the cores extraction from the barrel on the ground is proposed. A new quadruplex-tube core sampler with multi-structures to enhance the sampling quality is developed, in which a ball joint head is adopted to anti-vibration, the third bifid is equipped in the inner barrel, spring piston, the bottom jetting bit, hose bracket and hosepipe are used to prevent the sample from disturbance. Laboratory experiment and production testing indicate that could improve the coring quality in weak strata, at the same time, an extended drill bit and spring catcher are added to rectify the defects found.
Based on the structural characteristics of loose, fractured and erodible strata and the difficulty in sampling, a coring design concept with the prevention function of rotating vibration, core falling, core flushing and manual disturbance during the cores extraction from the barrel on the ground is proposed. A new quadruplex-tube core sampler with multi-structures to enhance the sampling quality is developed, in which a ball joint head is adopted to anti-vibration, the third bifid is equipped in the inner barrel, spring piston, the bottom jetting bit, hose bracket and hosepipe are used to prevent the sample from disturbance. Laboratory experiment and production testing indicate that could improve the coring quality in weak strata, at the same time, an extended drill bit and spring catcher are added to rectify the defects found.
引文
[1] 汤凤林,А.Г.加里宁,段隆臣.岩心钻探学 [M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,2009,297～315.Tang Fenglin,А.Г.Калинин,Duan Longchen.Core drilling [M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Publishing House,2009,297～315.(in Chinese)
[2] 欧阳涛坚.滑坡勘察中钻探取芯钻具的改进及应用 [J].工程勘察,2017,(10):34～37.Ouyang Taojian.Improvement and application of coring equipment in landslide investigation [J].Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying,2017,(10):34～37.(in Chinese)
[3] 王达,何远信等.地质钻探手册 [M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2014,354～410.Wang Da,He Yuanxin et al.Handbook of geological drilling [M].Changsha:Central South University Publishing House,2014,354～410.(in Chinese)
[4] 杨玉坤,成伟.我国松软地层取心技术浅谈 [J].石油机械,2003,31(增刊):107～109.Yang Yukun,Cheng Wei.Coring technology of loose stratum in China [J].China Petroleum Machinery,2003,31(S):107～109.(in Chinese)
[5] 卢春华,张涛,范加兴.提高破碎地层取芯质量的绳索强制取芯钻具 [J].工程勘察,2011,(10):25～28.Lu Chunhua,Zhang Tao,Fan Jiaxing.Wire-line forced drilling tools used for improving coring quality in broken stratum [J].Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying,2011,(10):25～28.(in Chinese)
[6] 向峰.双岩心爪取心工具的研究与应用 [J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(4):442～445.Xiang Feng.Development and application of coring tools with double core catchers [J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,2016,38(4):442～445.(in Chinese)
[7] 赵尔信,贾美玲,蔡家品等.精细、原位、保真取样技术的进展 [J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2005,(增刊):253～257.Zhao Erxin,Jia Meiling,Cai Jiapin et al.Evolvement of elaborate truth-preserving sampling in-situ technology [J].Mineral Exploration Engineering(Drilling and Tunneling Engineering),2005,(S):253～257.(in Chinese)
[8] 齐波,牛文明,张一飞.滨海新区钻探取芯技术的改良及应用[J] .工程勘察,2011,(12):25～27.Qi Bo,Niu Wenming,Zhang Yifei.Improvement and application of core-drilling technique in Binhai new area [J].Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying,2011,(12):25～27.(in Chinese).
[9] 杨昌杰,张绍和,苏宏岸等.适用于破碎地层的新型单动双管钻具 [J].煤田地质与勘探,2014,42(1):87～89.Yang Changjie,Zhang Shaohe,Su Hong’an et al.The application test of the new double-barreled and single-acting coring tool in fractured formation [J].Coal Geology & Exploration,2014,42(1):87～89.(in Chinese)
[10] 徐俊良.疏松及破碎地层取心新技术 [J].钻采工艺,2009,32(1):22～26.Xu Junliang.New coring technology for unconsolidated and broken formation [J].Drilling & Production Technology,2009,32(1):22～26.(in Chinese)
[11] Lu Chunhua,Zhang Tao,Fan Jiaxing.Truth-preserving coring tool for broken and soft mineral stratum [J].Procedia Earth and Planetary Science,2011,(2):109～115.
[12] 王稳石,朱永宜,贾军等.汶川地震断裂带科学钻探项目取心钻进技术 [J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2012,39(9):28～31.Wang Wenshi,Zhu Yongyi,Jia Jun et al.Coring drilling technology in Wenchuan earthquake fault scientific drilling project [J].Mineral Exploration Engineering(Drilling and Tunneling Engineering),2012,39(9):28～31.(in Chinese)
[13] 叶兰肃,苗晓晓,王建兴等.91单动三重半合管钻具的研制与应用 [J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2017,44(7):56～61.Ye Lansu,Miao Xiaoxiao,Wang Jianxing et al.Development of 91 single action triple coupling pipe core drilling tools and its application [J].Exploration Engineering(Rock & Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2017,44(7):56～61.(in Chinese)
[14] 许俊良,宋淑玲,成伟.国外钻井取心新技术(一)[J].石油机械,2000,28(9):53～56.Xu Junliang,Song Shuling,Cheng Wei.New foreign technology of drilling coring(一) [J].China Petroleum Machinery,2000,28(9):53～56.(in Chinese)
[15] Clemens-Weatherford Gary.Full-closure coring system [C].American Society of Mechanical Engineers,Petroleum Division (Publication),6pp,1998,Drilling Technology.
[2] 欧阳涛坚.滑坡勘察中钻探取芯钻具的改进及应用 [J].工程勘察,2017,(10):34～37.Ouyang Taojian.Improvement and application of coring equipment in landslide investigation [J].Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying,2017,(10):34～37.(in Chinese)
[3] 王达,何远信等.地质钻探手册 [M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2014,354～410.Wang Da,He Yuanxin et al.Handbook of geological drilling [M].Changsha:Central South University Publishing House,2014,354～410.(in Chinese)
[4] 杨玉坤,成伟.我国松软地层取心技术浅谈 [J].石油机械,2003,31(增刊):107～109.Yang Yukun,Cheng Wei.Coring technology of loose stratum in China [J].China Petroleum Machinery,2003,31(S):107～109.(in Chinese)
[5] 卢春华,张涛,范加兴.提高破碎地层取芯质量的绳索强制取芯钻具 [J].工程勘察,2011,(10):25～28.Lu Chunhua,Zhang Tao,Fan Jiaxing.Wire-line forced drilling tools used for improving coring quality in broken stratum [J].Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying,2011,(10):25～28.(in Chinese)
[6] 向峰.双岩心爪取心工具的研究与应用 [J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(4):442～445.Xiang Feng.Development and application of coring tools with double core catchers [J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,2016,38(4):442～445.(in Chinese)
[7] 赵尔信,贾美玲,蔡家品等.精细、原位、保真取样技术的进展 [J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2005,(增刊):253～257.Zhao Erxin,Jia Meiling,Cai Jiapin et al.Evolvement of elaborate truth-preserving sampling in-situ technology [J].Mineral Exploration Engineering(Drilling and Tunneling Engineering),2005,(S):253～257.(in Chinese)
[8] 齐波,牛文明,张一飞.滨海新区钻探取芯技术的改良及应用[J] .工程勘察,2011,(12):25～27.Qi Bo,Niu Wenming,Zhang Yifei.Improvement and application of core-drilling technique in Binhai new area [J].Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying,2011,(12):25～27.(in Chinese).
[9] 杨昌杰,张绍和,苏宏岸等.适用于破碎地层的新型单动双管钻具 [J].煤田地质与勘探,2014,42(1):87～89.Yang Changjie,Zhang Shaohe,Su Hong’an et al.The application test of the new double-barreled and single-acting coring tool in fractured formation [J].Coal Geology & Exploration,2014,42(1):87～89.(in Chinese)
[10] 徐俊良.疏松及破碎地层取心新技术 [J].钻采工艺,2009,32(1):22～26.Xu Junliang.New coring technology for unconsolidated and broken formation [J].Drilling & Production Technology,2009,32(1):22～26.(in Chinese)
[11] Lu Chunhua,Zhang Tao,Fan Jiaxing.Truth-preserving coring tool for broken and soft mineral stratum [J].Procedia Earth and Planetary Science,2011,(2):109～115.
[12] 王稳石,朱永宜,贾军等.汶川地震断裂带科学钻探项目取心钻进技术 [J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2012,39(9):28～31.Wang Wenshi,Zhu Yongyi,Jia Jun et al.Coring drilling technology in Wenchuan earthquake fault scientific drilling project [J].Mineral Exploration Engineering(Drilling and Tunneling Engineering),2012,39(9):28～31.(in Chinese)
[13] 叶兰肃,苗晓晓,王建兴等.91单动三重半合管钻具的研制与应用 [J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2017,44(7):56～61.Ye Lansu,Miao Xiaoxiao,Wang Jianxing et al.Development of 91 single action triple coupling pipe core drilling tools and its application [J].Exploration Engineering(Rock & Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2017,44(7):56～61.(in Chinese)
[14] 许俊良,宋淑玲,成伟.国外钻井取心新技术(一)[J].石油机械,2000,28(9):53～56.Xu Junliang,Song Shuling,Cheng Wei.New foreign technology of drilling coring(一) [J].China Petroleum Machinery,2000,28(9):53～56.(in Chinese)
[15] Clemens-Weatherford Gary.Full-closure coring system [C].American Society of Mechanical Engineers,Petroleum Division (Publication),6pp,1998,Drilling Technology.
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