基于模糊综合优化模型的地下水质量评价
|
摘要
在应用模糊综合评判法进行地下水水质评估中,存在地下水质量标准与方法要求的分级标准不匹配以及隶属度绝对化的问题。文中在模糊综合评判法的基础上,引入相对隶属度概念表征评价指标与水质标准间的模糊关系,从而建立起模糊综合优化模型。应用该模型对青岛市大沽河地下水源地水质状况进行评价和分析对比,研究结果表明,地下水质量标准符合优化模型对评判标准类型的要求,克服了传统模型存在的标准不兼容问题。指标实测值介于某中间等级时,该等级与左右相邻等级的相对隶属度值均大于0。与绝对的隶属度分布相比,优化模型拓展了指标在各等级隶属度的分布,真实反映了其相对的特征。水源地南部地区(监测井S1和S3)地下水的总硬度、溶解性总固体与其他特征污染物的含量均超过Ⅳ类水质标准,优化模型判定的水质等级也为Ⅳ类水,评价结果符合研究区的实际情况,表明优化模型是可靠的。
Fuzzy synthetic evaluation method can be problematic when it is applied to groundwater quality assessment due to absolutization of membership degree or mismatch between national groundwater quality standard and classification criteria required by fuzzy synthetic evaluation.Here,we created an optimized fuzzy synthetic evaluation model to solve these problems.We introduced the concept of relative membership degree for establishing a dynamic fuzzy relationship between evaluation index and groundwater quality standard.Furthermore,we used the optimized model to analyze and assess the groundwater quality of the Dagu River Basin in Qingdao for validation.The results show that the national groundwater quality standard satisfied the requirements of evaluation criteria type in the optimized model.The optimized model solved the incompatibility problem in the traditional model.When the measure index fell in a mid-grade interval,the relative membership degrees for this and two adjacent grades were greater than 0.Compared with the absolute distribution of membership degree,the optimized model expanded the distribution over different grades and reflected the relative and dynamic characteristics of the distribution.The overall hardness and total concentration of dissolved solids and other characteristic pollutants exceeded the threshold value for grade IV groundwater quality standard in the southern area(monitoring wells S1 and S3),in agreement with the optimized model assessment.Thus we have verified the reliability of the optimized model.
Fuzzy synthetic evaluation method can be problematic when it is applied to groundwater quality assessment due to absolutization of membership degree or mismatch between national groundwater quality standard and classification criteria required by fuzzy synthetic evaluation.Here,we created an optimized fuzzy synthetic evaluation model to solve these problems.We introduced the concept of relative membership degree for establishing a dynamic fuzzy relationship between evaluation index and groundwater quality standard.Furthermore,we used the optimized model to analyze and assess the groundwater quality of the Dagu River Basin in Qingdao for validation.The results show that the national groundwater quality standard satisfied the requirements of evaluation criteria type in the optimized model.The optimized model solved the incompatibility problem in the traditional model.When the measure index fell in a mid-grade interval,the relative membership degrees for this and two adjacent grades were greater than 0.Compared with the absolute distribution of membership degree,the optimized model expanded the distribution over different grades and reflected the relative and dynamic characteristics of the distribution.The overall hardness and total concentration of dissolved solids and other characteristic pollutants exceeded the threshold value for grade IV groundwater quality standard in the southern area(monitoring wells S1 and S3),in agreement with the optimized model assessment.Thus we have verified the reliability of the optimized model.
引文
[1] KONG L,KADOKAMI K,DUONG H T,et al.Screening of 1300organic micro-pollutants in groundwater from Beijing and Tianjin,North China[J].Chemosphere,2016,165:221-230.
[2]彭聪,何江涛,廖磊,等.应用水化学方法识别人类活动对地下水水质影响程度:以柳江盆地为例[J].地学前缘,2017,24(1):321-331.
[3]廖磊,何江涛,彭聪,等.地下水次要组分视背景值研究:以柳江盆地为例[J].地学前缘,2018,25(1):267-275.
[4] LU X W,LI L Y,KAI L,et al.Water quality assessment of Wei River,China using fuzzy synthetic evaluation[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2010,60(8):1693-1699.
[5]马玉杰,郑西来,李永霞,等.地下水质量模糊综合评判法的改进与应用[J].中国矿业大学学报,2009,38(5):745-750.
[6]方运海,郑西来,彭辉,等.基于模糊综合与可变模糊集耦合的地下水质量评价[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(2):546-552.
[7] WANG Y,SHENG D,WANG D,et al.Variable fuzzy set theory to assess water quality of the Meiliang bay in Taihu Lake basin[J].Water Resources Management,2014,28(3):867-880.
[8] GENG Y,ZHANG J,ZHOU Q,et al.Fuzzy synthetic evaluation of Weihe water quality[J].Environmental Engineering and Management Journal,2011,10(10):1477-1484.
[9] YAN F,LIU L,ZHANG Y,et al.The research of dynamic variable fuzzy set assessment model in water quality evaluation[J].Water Resources Management,2016,30(1):63-78.
[10] WANG W,XU D,CHAU K,et al.Assessment of river water quality based on theory of variable fuzzy sets and fuzzy binary comparison method[J].Water Resources Management,2014,28(12):4183-4200.
[11]韩晓军.可变模糊集理论在水资源系统中的应用研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2008.
[12]陈守煜.工程可变模糊集理论与模型:模糊水文水资源学数学基础[J].大连理工大学学报,2005,45(2):308-312.
[13]尹子悦,林青,徐绍辉.青岛市大沽河流域地下水水化学时空演化及影响因素分析[J].地质论评,2018,64(4):1030-1043.
[14]中国环境监测总站,浙江省环境监测中心站.地下水环境监测技术规范(HJ/T 164—2004)[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2005.
[15]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法(2002)[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[16] ZADEH L A.Fuzzy sets[J].Information and Control,1965,8(3):338-353.
[17] YAN F,LIU L.Water quality assessment of the Li Canal using a functional fuzzy synthetic evaluation model[J].Environmental Science:Processes&Impacts,2014,16(7):1764-1771.
[18]傅金祥,陈喆,马兴冠,等.改良模糊综合评价法在水质评价中的应用[J].环境工程,2011,29(6):120-123.
[19] CHEN S Y,GUO Y.Variable fuzzy sets and its application in comprehensive risk evaluation for flood-control engineering system[J].Fuzzy Optimization and Decision Making,2006,5(2):153-162.
[20] YAN F,QIAN B,LIU C,et al.Introducing biological indicators into CCME WQI using variable fuzzy set method[J].Water Resources Management,2018,32(8):2901-2915.
[21] KE L,WANG Q,GAI M,et al.Assessing seawater quality with a variable fuzzy recognition model[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2014,32(3):645-655.
[22] FANG Y,ZHENG X,PENG H,et al.A new method of the relative membership degree calculation in variable fuzzy sets for water quality assessment[J].Ecological Indicators,2019,98:515-522.
[23]李录娟,邹胜章.不同权重确定方法对地下水质量评价的影响研究[J].人民长江,2014,45(23):98-102.
[24]中国地质调查局,水利部水文局,中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,等.地下水质量标准(GB/T 14848—2017)[S].北京:中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会,2017.
[25]马玉杰.大沽河地下水库水质评价与健康风险分析[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2009.
[26]郑西来,李涛,贾丽华.基于MapInfo的大沽河地下水库脆弱性评价[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2004(6):1023-1028.
[27] RIVETT M O,BUSS S R,MORGAN P,et al.Nitrate attenuation in groundwater:a review of biogeochemical controlling processes[J].Water Research,2008,42(16):4215-4232.
[28] ZHAO C S,HU C X,WEI H,et al.A lysimeter study of nitrate leaching and optimum nitrogen application rates for intensively irrigated vegetable production systems in Central China[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2010,10(1):9-17.
[2]彭聪,何江涛,廖磊,等.应用水化学方法识别人类活动对地下水水质影响程度:以柳江盆地为例[J].地学前缘,2017,24(1):321-331.
[3]廖磊,何江涛,彭聪,等.地下水次要组分视背景值研究:以柳江盆地为例[J].地学前缘,2018,25(1):267-275.
[4] LU X W,LI L Y,KAI L,et al.Water quality assessment of Wei River,China using fuzzy synthetic evaluation[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2010,60(8):1693-1699.
[5]马玉杰,郑西来,李永霞,等.地下水质量模糊综合评判法的改进与应用[J].中国矿业大学学报,2009,38(5):745-750.
[6]方运海,郑西来,彭辉,等.基于模糊综合与可变模糊集耦合的地下水质量评价[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(2):546-552.
[7] WANG Y,SHENG D,WANG D,et al.Variable fuzzy set theory to assess water quality of the Meiliang bay in Taihu Lake basin[J].Water Resources Management,2014,28(3):867-880.
[8] GENG Y,ZHANG J,ZHOU Q,et al.Fuzzy synthetic evaluation of Weihe water quality[J].Environmental Engineering and Management Journal,2011,10(10):1477-1484.
[9] YAN F,LIU L,ZHANG Y,et al.The research of dynamic variable fuzzy set assessment model in water quality evaluation[J].Water Resources Management,2016,30(1):63-78.
[10] WANG W,XU D,CHAU K,et al.Assessment of river water quality based on theory of variable fuzzy sets and fuzzy binary comparison method[J].Water Resources Management,2014,28(12):4183-4200.
[11]韩晓军.可变模糊集理论在水资源系统中的应用研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2008.
[12]陈守煜.工程可变模糊集理论与模型:模糊水文水资源学数学基础[J].大连理工大学学报,2005,45(2):308-312.
[13]尹子悦,林青,徐绍辉.青岛市大沽河流域地下水水化学时空演化及影响因素分析[J].地质论评,2018,64(4):1030-1043.
[14]中国环境监测总站,浙江省环境监测中心站.地下水环境监测技术规范(HJ/T 164—2004)[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2005.
[15]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法(2002)[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[16] ZADEH L A.Fuzzy sets[J].Information and Control,1965,8(3):338-353.
[17] YAN F,LIU L.Water quality assessment of the Li Canal using a functional fuzzy synthetic evaluation model[J].Environmental Science:Processes&Impacts,2014,16(7):1764-1771.
[18]傅金祥,陈喆,马兴冠,等.改良模糊综合评价法在水质评价中的应用[J].环境工程,2011,29(6):120-123.
[19] CHEN S Y,GUO Y.Variable fuzzy sets and its application in comprehensive risk evaluation for flood-control engineering system[J].Fuzzy Optimization and Decision Making,2006,5(2):153-162.
[20] YAN F,QIAN B,LIU C,et al.Introducing biological indicators into CCME WQI using variable fuzzy set method[J].Water Resources Management,2018,32(8):2901-2915.
[21] KE L,WANG Q,GAI M,et al.Assessing seawater quality with a variable fuzzy recognition model[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2014,32(3):645-655.
[22] FANG Y,ZHENG X,PENG H,et al.A new method of the relative membership degree calculation in variable fuzzy sets for water quality assessment[J].Ecological Indicators,2019,98:515-522.
[23]李录娟,邹胜章.不同权重确定方法对地下水质量评价的影响研究[J].人民长江,2014,45(23):98-102.
[24]中国地质调查局,水利部水文局,中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,等.地下水质量标准(GB/T 14848—2017)[S].北京:中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会,2017.
[25]马玉杰.大沽河地下水库水质评价与健康风险分析[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2009.
[26]郑西来,李涛,贾丽华.基于MapInfo的大沽河地下水库脆弱性评价[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2004(6):1023-1028.
[27] RIVETT M O,BUSS S R,MORGAN P,et al.Nitrate attenuation in groundwater:a review of biogeochemical controlling processes[J].Water Research,2008,42(16):4215-4232.
[28] ZHAO C S,HU C X,WEI H,et al.A lysimeter study of nitrate leaching and optimum nitrogen application rates for intensively irrigated vegetable production systems in Central China[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2010,10(1):9-17.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |