沙地植物幼苗生长对降水和风速变化的响应
|
摘要
为研究沙地植物幼苗生长对降水和风速变化的响应过程,于2016年4月中旬利用40个2 m×2 m×2 m的混凝土样方池,通过人工增雨及遮风网降低风速的方法开展模拟控制实验。结果表明:①风速、降水以及两者的协同作用对萌发物种数无显著影响(P> 0. 05)。风速降低20%和降水增加60%使种子萌发物种数与对照相比分别增加4. 9%和1. 3%;风速降低20%条件下,自然降水和降水增加60%均可使种子萌发物种数增加7. 2%。②不同降水处理会使植物幼苗密度大幅度降低、高度波动变化;风速降低可以较显著地促进沙地植物幼苗生长高度,特别是优势植物猪毛菜(Salsola collina)、大果虫实(Corispermum macrocarpum)的生长高度(P <0. 01)。在自然风速条件下,降水增加30%明显促进猪毛菜幼苗高度生长,降水增加60%则相反;风速降低20%条件下,降水增加60%可以大幅度的促进雾冰黎(Bassia dasyphylla)幼苗的生长高度;风速降低40%与降水增加30%和60%的协同作用使雾冰黎、猪毛菜和大果虫实幼苗的生长高度均明显降低。③不同风速和降水处理对植被的Simpson优势度指数(D)、香浓–威纳多样性指数(H)、Pielou均匀度指数(J)无显著影响(P> 0. 05)。以上研究结果表明:降水增加30%对种子萌发阶段物种丰富度的抑制作用较大;与降水相比,风速是沙地植物幼苗生长高度的主要影响因素,并且自然降水条件下,风速降低40%可以使沙地植物幼苗生长高度最大限度地增加;沙地植被物种多样性指数对降水及风速的变化不敏感,这说明科尔沁沙地生态系统群落结构相对较为稳定。
To study the response of plant seedling growth to the change of precipitation and wind velocity in sandy land,we carried out simulation control experiments by artificial precipitation and wind screen reduction in 40 concrete square pools of 2 m × 2 m × 2 m during the period of seed germination starting in mid-April 2016. The results showed that: ① Wind velocity,precipitation and interaction of these two treatments had no significant effect on the species richness (P > 0. 05). The seed germination rates could be increased by 4. 9% and 1. 3% under the 20%wind velocity reduction and 60% precipitation increment,respectively,compared with those of controlled experiment. The species richness was increased by 7. 2% under 20% reduction of wind velocity and 60% precipitation increment. ② The seedling density and height fluctuated greatly under different precipitation treatments. A wind speed reduction can significantly promote seedling growth height in sandy land,especially for Salsola collina and Corispermum macrocarpum (P < 0. 01). Under the condition of natural wind speed,30% precipitation increment obviously promoted the growth of seedling height,while 60% precipitation increment was contrary. Under the 20%wind velocity reduction,the growth height of Bassia dasyphylla seedlings could be greatly promoted by the 60% precipitation increment. The synergistic effects of the 40% wind velocity reduction and 30% and 60% precipitation increments resulted in a significant decrease in the growth height of the seedlings of Bassia dasyphylla,Salsola collina and Corispermum macrocarpum. ③ The effects of different wind velocity and precipitation treatments on species diversity,including the Simpson index (D),Shannon-Winner index (H) and Pielou evenness index (J),were not significant (P > 0. 05). In conclusion,the effect of 30% precipitation increment on the species richness during the period of seed germination was significant,wind velocity was the main factor affecting the height of plant seedlings.Under the natural conditions,the increase of seedling height was the maximum under 40% wind velocity reduction.The response of species diversity to the change of wind velocity and precipitation was not sensitive,which indicated that the community structure of the ecosystem was comparatively stable in the Horqin Sandy Land.
To study the response of plant seedling growth to the change of precipitation and wind velocity in sandy land,we carried out simulation control experiments by artificial precipitation and wind screen reduction in 40 concrete square pools of 2 m × 2 m × 2 m during the period of seed germination starting in mid-April 2016. The results showed that: ① Wind velocity,precipitation and interaction of these two treatments had no significant effect on the species richness (P > 0. 05). The seed germination rates could be increased by 4. 9% and 1. 3% under the 20%wind velocity reduction and 60% precipitation increment,respectively,compared with those of controlled experiment. The species richness was increased by 7. 2% under 20% reduction of wind velocity and 60% precipitation increment. ② The seedling density and height fluctuated greatly under different precipitation treatments. A wind speed reduction can significantly promote seedling growth height in sandy land,especially for Salsola collina and Corispermum macrocarpum (P < 0. 01). Under the condition of natural wind speed,30% precipitation increment obviously promoted the growth of seedling height,while 60% precipitation increment was contrary. Under the 20%wind velocity reduction,the growth height of Bassia dasyphylla seedlings could be greatly promoted by the 60% precipitation increment. The synergistic effects of the 40% wind velocity reduction and 30% and 60% precipitation increments resulted in a significant decrease in the growth height of the seedlings of Bassia dasyphylla,Salsola collina and Corispermum macrocarpum. ③ The effects of different wind velocity and precipitation treatments on species diversity,including the Simpson index (D),Shannon-Winner index (H) and Pielou evenness index (J),were not significant (P > 0. 05). In conclusion,the effect of 30% precipitation increment on the species richness during the period of seed germination was significant,wind velocity was the main factor affecting the height of plant seedlings.Under the natural conditions,the increase of seedling height was the maximum under 40% wind velocity reduction.The response of species diversity to the change of wind velocity and precipitation was not sensitive,which indicated that the community structure of the ecosystem was comparatively stable in the Horqin Sandy Land.
引文
[1]Duan D Y,Ouyang H,Song M H,et al.Water sources of dominant species in three alpine ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau,China[J].Journal of Integrative Plant Biology,2008,50(3):257-264.
[2]郑艺,张丽,周宇,等.1982-2012年全球干旱区植被变化及驱动因子分析[J].干旱区研究,2017,34(1):59-66.[Zheng Yi,Zhang Li,Zhou Yu,et al.Vegetation change and its driving factors in global drylands during the period of 1982-2012[J].Arid Zone Research,2017,34(1):59-66.]
[3]Ehleringer J R,Mooney H A.Leaf hairs:Effects on physiological activity and adaptive value to a desert shrub[J].Oecologia,1978,37(2):183-200.
[4]Da s’Ci M,Ko c’A,C’Omakli B,et al.Importance of annual and seasonal precipitation variations for the sustainable use of rangelands in semi arid regions with high altitude[J].African Journal of Agricultural Research,2010,5(16):2 184-2 191.
[5]Liu J S,Xu X,Zhang Y,et al.Effect of rainfall interannual variability on the biomass and soil water distribution in a semiarid shrub community[J].Science China Life Sciences,2010,53(6):729.
[6]Cheng X,An S,Li B,et al.Summer rain pulse size and rainwater uptake by three dominant desert plants in a desertified grassland ecosystem in Northwestern China[J].Plant Ecology,2006,184(1):1-12.
[7]Gardiner B,Berry P,Moulia B.Review:Wind impacts on plant growth,mechanics and damage[J].Plant Science,2016,245:94-118.
[8]张琳琳,赵晓英,原慧,等.风对植物的作用及植物适应对策研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2013,28(12):1 349-1 353.[Zhang Linlin,Zhao Xiaoying,Yuan Hui,et al.Advances in the effects of wind on plants[J].Advances in Earth Science,2013,28(12):1 349-1 353.]
[9]Anten N P,Alcaláherrera R,Schieving F,et al.Wind and mechanical stimuli differentially affect leaf traits in Plantago major[J].New Phytologist,2010,188(2):554-564.
[10]于云江,史培军,鲁春霞,等.不同风沙条件对几种植物生态生理特征的影响[J].植物生态学报,2003,27(1):53-58.[Yu Yunjiang,Shi Peijun,Lu Chunxia,et al.Response of the eco-physiological characteristic of someplants under blown sand[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2003,27(1):53-58.]
[11]Pryor S C,Ledolter J.Addendum to“Wind speed trends over the contiguous United States”[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,2010,115(D10):D10103.
[12]Yang H,Wu M,Liu W,et al.Community structure and composition in response to climate change in a temperate steppe[J].Global Change Biology,2015,17(1):452-465.
[13]Xu G Q,Li Y.Rooting depth and leaf hydraulic conductance in the xeric tree Haloxylon ammodendron growing at sites of contrasting soil texture[J].Functional Plant Biology,2008,35(12):1 234-1 242.
[14]赵哈林,李瑾,周瑞莲,等.风沙流持续吹袭对樟子松幼树光合蒸腾作用的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(20):6 678-6 685.[Zhao Halin,Li Jin,Zhou Ruilian,et al.Effects of sustained windsand flow on photosynthesis and transpiration rates of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica saplings[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(20):6 678-6 685.]
[15]朱选伟,黄振英,张淑敏,等.浑善达克沙地冰草种子萌发、出苗和幼苗生长对土壤水分的反应[J].生态学报,2005,25(2):364-370.[Zhu Xuanwei,Huang Zhenying,Zhang Shumin,et al.The responses of seed germination,seedling emergence and seedling growth in Agropyron cristatum to sand water content in Otindag Sandland,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2005,25(2):364-370.]
[16]孙岩,何明珠,王立,等.降水控制对荒漠植物群落物种多样性和生物量的影响[J].生态学报,2018,38(7):2 425-2 433.[Sun Yan,He Mingzhu,Wang Li,et al.Effects of precipitation control on plant diversity and biomass in a desert region[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2018,38(7):2 425-2 433.]
[17]张腊梅,刘新平,赵学勇,等.科尔沁固定沙地植被特征对降雨变化的响应[J].生态学报,2014,34(10):2 737-2 745.[Zhang Lamei,Liu Xinping,Zhao Xueyong,et al.Response of sandy vegetation characteristics to precipitation change in Horqin Sandy Land[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica 2014,34(10):2 737-2 745.]
[18]吕晓敏,王玉辉,周广胜,等.温度与降水协同作用对短花针茅生物量及其分配的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(3):752-760.[LüXiaomin,Wang Yuhui,Zhou Guangsheng,et al.Interactive effects of changing precipitation and elevated temperatures on plant biomass and its allocation of Stipa breviflora[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(3):752-760.]
[19]种培芳,詹瑾,贾向阳,等.模拟CO2浓度升高及降雨变化对荒漠灌木红砂光合及生长的影响[J].林业科学,2018,54(9):27-37.[Zhong Peifang,Zhan Jin,Jia Xiangyang,et al.Influences of elevated CO2and precipitation regimes on photosynthesis and growth of desert shrub Reaumuria soongarica[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2018,54(9):27-37.]
[20]刘冰,靳鹤龄,孙忠,等.近6 ka以来科尔沁沙地东部气候变化记录[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(6):1 398-1 405.[Liu Bing,Jin Heling,Sun Zhong,et al.Climate change in East Horqin Sandy Land since 6.0 ka BP[J].Journal of Desert Research,2011,31(6):1 398-1 405.]
[21]连杰,赵学勇,左小安,等.科尔沁沙地水域景观格局的时空动态---以奈曼旗为例[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(1):210-218.[Lian Jie,Zhao Xueyong,Zuo Xiaoan,et al.Dynamics of landscape pattern of water areas in Horqin Sandy Land,China:A case study in Naiman Banner of Inner Mongolia[J].Journal of Desert Research,2012,32(1):210-218.]
[22]Guo H,Xu M,Hu Q.Changes in near-surface wind speed in China:1969-2005[J].International Journal of Climatology,2015,31(3):349-358.
[23]武利阳,左洪超,冯锦明,等.中国土地利用和植被覆盖度变化对区域气候影响的数值模拟[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2018,54(3):334-344.[Wu Liyang,Zuo Hongchao,Feng Jinming,et al.Numerical simulation of the impact of land and green vegetation fraction changes on regional climates in China[J].Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Science Edition),2018,54(3):334-344.]
[24]Yao S X,Zhao C C,Zhang T H,et al.Response of the soil water content of mobile dunes to precipitation patterns in Inner Mongolia,Northern China[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2013,97(12):92-98.
[25]刘新平,何玉惠,魏水莲,等.科尔沁沙地樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica)生长对降水和温度的响应[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(1):57-63.[Liu Xinping,He Yuhui,Wei Shuilian,et al.Growth response of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica to precipitation and air temperature in the Horqin Sandy Land[J].Journal of Desert Research,2016,36(1):57-63.]
[26]蒋德明,刘志民,寇振武,等.科尔沁沙地生态环境及其可持续管理---科尔沁沙地生态考察报告[J].生态学杂志,2004,23(5):179-185.[Jiang Deming,Liu Zhimin,Kou Zhenwu,et al.Ecological environment and its sustainable management of Horqin steppe:A report on the survey of Horqin sandy land[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2004,23(5):179-185.]
[27]周欣,左小安,赵学勇,等.科尔沁沙地植物群落分布与土壤特性关系的DCA、CCA及DCCA分析[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(4):947-954.[Zhou Xin,Zuo Xiao’an,Zhao Xueyong,et al.Comparison analyses of DCA,CCA and DCCA on relationships between plant community distribution and soil properties of Horqin Sandy Land[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2015,34(4):947-954.]
[28]吕朋,左小安,张婧,等.放牧强度对科尔沁沙地沙质草地植被的影响[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(1):34-39.[LüPeng,Zuo Xiao’an,Zhang Jing,et al.Effects of grazing intensity on vegetation in sandy grassland of Horqin[J].Journal of Desert Research,2016,36(1):34-39.]
[29]Zhang J,Maun M A.Effects of sand burial on seed germination,seedling emergence,survival,and growth of Agropyron psammophilum[J].Canadian Journal of Botany,1990,68(2):304-310.
[30]Zhang C,Yu F,Dong M.Effects of sand burial on the survival,growth,and biomass allocation in semi-shrub Hedysarum laeve seedlings[J].Acta Botany Sinica,2002,44(3):337-343.
[31]Gutterman Y.Seed germination in desert plants[J].Endeavour,2014,19(1):47-47.
[32]Dodd M B,Lauenroth W K,Welker J M.Differential water resource use by herbaceous and woody plant life-forms in a shortgrass steppe community[J].Oecologia,1998,117(4):504-512.
[33]孙羽,张涛,田长彦,等.增加降水对荒漠短命植物当年牧草生长及群落结构的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(4):1 859-1 868.[Sun Yu,Zhang Tao,Tian Changyan,et al.Response of grass growth and productivity to enhanced water input in ephemeral desert grass land in Gurbantunggut Desert[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2009,29(4):1 859-1 868.]
[34]Leck M A,Brock M A.Ecological and evolutionary trends in wetlands:Evidence from seeds and seed banks in New South Wales,Australia and New Jersey,USA[J].Plant Species Biology,2010,15(2):97-112.
[35]赵丽娅,李锋瑞,王先之,等.草地沙化过程地上植被与土壤种子库变化特征[J].生态学报,2003,23(9):1 745-1 756.[Zhao Liya,Li Fengrui,Wang Xianzhi,et al.Characteristics of soil seed bank and standing vegetation change in sandy grasslands along a desertification gradient[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2003,23(9):1 745-1 756.]
[36]李淑君,李国旗,王磊,等.不同水分梯度对激发土壤种子库的效应研究[J].北方园艺,2014(18):181-185.[Li Shujun,Li Guoqi,Wang Lei,et al.A coupling relationship research on soil seed bank of different age artificial forest(Caragana microphylla)in desert steppe[J].Northern Horticulture,2014(18):181-185.]
[37]王增如,徐海量,尹林克,等.塔里木河下游荒漠化过程土壤种子库特征[J].中国沙漠,2009,29(5):885-890.[Wang Zengru,Xu Hailiang,Yin Linke,et al.Characteristics of soil seed bank along desertification gradient in lower reaches of Tarim River[J].Journal of Desert Research,2009,29(5):885-890.]
[38]王林,代永欣,樊兴路,等.风对黄花蒿水力学性状和生长的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(13):4 454-4 461.[Wang Lin,Dai Yongxin,Fan Xinglu,et al.Effects of wind on hydraulic properties and growth of Artemisia annua Linn.[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(13):4 454-4 461.]
[2]郑艺,张丽,周宇,等.1982-2012年全球干旱区植被变化及驱动因子分析[J].干旱区研究,2017,34(1):59-66.[Zheng Yi,Zhang Li,Zhou Yu,et al.Vegetation change and its driving factors in global drylands during the period of 1982-2012[J].Arid Zone Research,2017,34(1):59-66.]
[3]Ehleringer J R,Mooney H A.Leaf hairs:Effects on physiological activity and adaptive value to a desert shrub[J].Oecologia,1978,37(2):183-200.
[4]Da s’Ci M,Ko c’A,C’Omakli B,et al.Importance of annual and seasonal precipitation variations for the sustainable use of rangelands in semi arid regions with high altitude[J].African Journal of Agricultural Research,2010,5(16):2 184-2 191.
[5]Liu J S,Xu X,Zhang Y,et al.Effect of rainfall interannual variability on the biomass and soil water distribution in a semiarid shrub community[J].Science China Life Sciences,2010,53(6):729.
[6]Cheng X,An S,Li B,et al.Summer rain pulse size and rainwater uptake by three dominant desert plants in a desertified grassland ecosystem in Northwestern China[J].Plant Ecology,2006,184(1):1-12.
[7]Gardiner B,Berry P,Moulia B.Review:Wind impacts on plant growth,mechanics and damage[J].Plant Science,2016,245:94-118.
[8]张琳琳,赵晓英,原慧,等.风对植物的作用及植物适应对策研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2013,28(12):1 349-1 353.[Zhang Linlin,Zhao Xiaoying,Yuan Hui,et al.Advances in the effects of wind on plants[J].Advances in Earth Science,2013,28(12):1 349-1 353.]
[9]Anten N P,Alcaláherrera R,Schieving F,et al.Wind and mechanical stimuli differentially affect leaf traits in Plantago major[J].New Phytologist,2010,188(2):554-564.
[10]于云江,史培军,鲁春霞,等.不同风沙条件对几种植物生态生理特征的影响[J].植物生态学报,2003,27(1):53-58.[Yu Yunjiang,Shi Peijun,Lu Chunxia,et al.Response of the eco-physiological characteristic of someplants under blown sand[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2003,27(1):53-58.]
[11]Pryor S C,Ledolter J.Addendum to“Wind speed trends over the contiguous United States”[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,2010,115(D10):D10103.
[12]Yang H,Wu M,Liu W,et al.Community structure and composition in response to climate change in a temperate steppe[J].Global Change Biology,2015,17(1):452-465.
[13]Xu G Q,Li Y.Rooting depth and leaf hydraulic conductance in the xeric tree Haloxylon ammodendron growing at sites of contrasting soil texture[J].Functional Plant Biology,2008,35(12):1 234-1 242.
[14]赵哈林,李瑾,周瑞莲,等.风沙流持续吹袭对樟子松幼树光合蒸腾作用的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(20):6 678-6 685.[Zhao Halin,Li Jin,Zhou Ruilian,et al.Effects of sustained windsand flow on photosynthesis and transpiration rates of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica saplings[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(20):6 678-6 685.]
[15]朱选伟,黄振英,张淑敏,等.浑善达克沙地冰草种子萌发、出苗和幼苗生长对土壤水分的反应[J].生态学报,2005,25(2):364-370.[Zhu Xuanwei,Huang Zhenying,Zhang Shumin,et al.The responses of seed germination,seedling emergence and seedling growth in Agropyron cristatum to sand water content in Otindag Sandland,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2005,25(2):364-370.]
[16]孙岩,何明珠,王立,等.降水控制对荒漠植物群落物种多样性和生物量的影响[J].生态学报,2018,38(7):2 425-2 433.[Sun Yan,He Mingzhu,Wang Li,et al.Effects of precipitation control on plant diversity and biomass in a desert region[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2018,38(7):2 425-2 433.]
[17]张腊梅,刘新平,赵学勇,等.科尔沁固定沙地植被特征对降雨变化的响应[J].生态学报,2014,34(10):2 737-2 745.[Zhang Lamei,Liu Xinping,Zhao Xueyong,et al.Response of sandy vegetation characteristics to precipitation change in Horqin Sandy Land[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica 2014,34(10):2 737-2 745.]
[18]吕晓敏,王玉辉,周广胜,等.温度与降水协同作用对短花针茅生物量及其分配的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(3):752-760.[LüXiaomin,Wang Yuhui,Zhou Guangsheng,et al.Interactive effects of changing precipitation and elevated temperatures on plant biomass and its allocation of Stipa breviflora[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(3):752-760.]
[19]种培芳,詹瑾,贾向阳,等.模拟CO2浓度升高及降雨变化对荒漠灌木红砂光合及生长的影响[J].林业科学,2018,54(9):27-37.[Zhong Peifang,Zhan Jin,Jia Xiangyang,et al.Influences of elevated CO2and precipitation regimes on photosynthesis and growth of desert shrub Reaumuria soongarica[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2018,54(9):27-37.]
[20]刘冰,靳鹤龄,孙忠,等.近6 ka以来科尔沁沙地东部气候变化记录[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(6):1 398-1 405.[Liu Bing,Jin Heling,Sun Zhong,et al.Climate change in East Horqin Sandy Land since 6.0 ka BP[J].Journal of Desert Research,2011,31(6):1 398-1 405.]
[21]连杰,赵学勇,左小安,等.科尔沁沙地水域景观格局的时空动态---以奈曼旗为例[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(1):210-218.[Lian Jie,Zhao Xueyong,Zuo Xiaoan,et al.Dynamics of landscape pattern of water areas in Horqin Sandy Land,China:A case study in Naiman Banner of Inner Mongolia[J].Journal of Desert Research,2012,32(1):210-218.]
[22]Guo H,Xu M,Hu Q.Changes in near-surface wind speed in China:1969-2005[J].International Journal of Climatology,2015,31(3):349-358.
[23]武利阳,左洪超,冯锦明,等.中国土地利用和植被覆盖度变化对区域气候影响的数值模拟[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2018,54(3):334-344.[Wu Liyang,Zuo Hongchao,Feng Jinming,et al.Numerical simulation of the impact of land and green vegetation fraction changes on regional climates in China[J].Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Science Edition),2018,54(3):334-344.]
[24]Yao S X,Zhao C C,Zhang T H,et al.Response of the soil water content of mobile dunes to precipitation patterns in Inner Mongolia,Northern China[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2013,97(12):92-98.
[25]刘新平,何玉惠,魏水莲,等.科尔沁沙地樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica)生长对降水和温度的响应[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(1):57-63.[Liu Xinping,He Yuhui,Wei Shuilian,et al.Growth response of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica to precipitation and air temperature in the Horqin Sandy Land[J].Journal of Desert Research,2016,36(1):57-63.]
[26]蒋德明,刘志民,寇振武,等.科尔沁沙地生态环境及其可持续管理---科尔沁沙地生态考察报告[J].生态学杂志,2004,23(5):179-185.[Jiang Deming,Liu Zhimin,Kou Zhenwu,et al.Ecological environment and its sustainable management of Horqin steppe:A report on the survey of Horqin sandy land[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2004,23(5):179-185.]
[27]周欣,左小安,赵学勇,等.科尔沁沙地植物群落分布与土壤特性关系的DCA、CCA及DCCA分析[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(4):947-954.[Zhou Xin,Zuo Xiao’an,Zhao Xueyong,et al.Comparison analyses of DCA,CCA and DCCA on relationships between plant community distribution and soil properties of Horqin Sandy Land[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2015,34(4):947-954.]
[28]吕朋,左小安,张婧,等.放牧强度对科尔沁沙地沙质草地植被的影响[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(1):34-39.[LüPeng,Zuo Xiao’an,Zhang Jing,et al.Effects of grazing intensity on vegetation in sandy grassland of Horqin[J].Journal of Desert Research,2016,36(1):34-39.]
[29]Zhang J,Maun M A.Effects of sand burial on seed germination,seedling emergence,survival,and growth of Agropyron psammophilum[J].Canadian Journal of Botany,1990,68(2):304-310.
[30]Zhang C,Yu F,Dong M.Effects of sand burial on the survival,growth,and biomass allocation in semi-shrub Hedysarum laeve seedlings[J].Acta Botany Sinica,2002,44(3):337-343.
[31]Gutterman Y.Seed germination in desert plants[J].Endeavour,2014,19(1):47-47.
[32]Dodd M B,Lauenroth W K,Welker J M.Differential water resource use by herbaceous and woody plant life-forms in a shortgrass steppe community[J].Oecologia,1998,117(4):504-512.
[33]孙羽,张涛,田长彦,等.增加降水对荒漠短命植物当年牧草生长及群落结构的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(4):1 859-1 868.[Sun Yu,Zhang Tao,Tian Changyan,et al.Response of grass growth and productivity to enhanced water input in ephemeral desert grass land in Gurbantunggut Desert[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2009,29(4):1 859-1 868.]
[34]Leck M A,Brock M A.Ecological and evolutionary trends in wetlands:Evidence from seeds and seed banks in New South Wales,Australia and New Jersey,USA[J].Plant Species Biology,2010,15(2):97-112.
[35]赵丽娅,李锋瑞,王先之,等.草地沙化过程地上植被与土壤种子库变化特征[J].生态学报,2003,23(9):1 745-1 756.[Zhao Liya,Li Fengrui,Wang Xianzhi,et al.Characteristics of soil seed bank and standing vegetation change in sandy grasslands along a desertification gradient[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2003,23(9):1 745-1 756.]
[36]李淑君,李国旗,王磊,等.不同水分梯度对激发土壤种子库的效应研究[J].北方园艺,2014(18):181-185.[Li Shujun,Li Guoqi,Wang Lei,et al.A coupling relationship research on soil seed bank of different age artificial forest(Caragana microphylla)in desert steppe[J].Northern Horticulture,2014(18):181-185.]
[37]王增如,徐海量,尹林克,等.塔里木河下游荒漠化过程土壤种子库特征[J].中国沙漠,2009,29(5):885-890.[Wang Zengru,Xu Hailiang,Yin Linke,et al.Characteristics of soil seed bank along desertification gradient in lower reaches of Tarim River[J].Journal of Desert Research,2009,29(5):885-890.]
[38]王林,代永欣,樊兴路,等.风对黄花蒿水力学性状和生长的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(13):4 454-4 461.[Wang Lin,Dai Yongxin,Fan Xinglu,et al.Effects of wind on hydraulic properties and growth of Artemisia annua Linn.[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(13):4 454-4 461.]
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |