卫藏藏族、康巴藏族和安多藏族女青年唇形特征
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摘要
目的探讨藏族女青年的唇形特征。方法根据知情同意原则,以自愿参加的藏族女青年为研究对象,有效样本542例,年龄18～23岁,平均年龄(20. 42±1. 34)岁。利用直角规直接测量被测者的口裂宽和唇高,并计算唇指数。结果藏族女青年唇高均值为(18. 01±4. 29) mm,口裂宽均值为(49. 40±5. 55) mm,唇指数均值为(36. 60±8. 21) mm。康巴藏族的唇高和唇指数均值与卫藏藏族和安多藏族比较差异均有显著性(P<0. 01),卫藏藏族的口裂宽均值与安多藏族比较差异均有显著性(P<0. 01)。唇高与年龄成负性相关(r=-0. 124,P<0. 01),唇指数与年龄成负性相关(r=-0. 155,P<0. 01),口裂宽与年龄相关性无统计学意义(P>0. 05)。结论康巴藏族唇高较高,安多藏族具有更阔的口裂宽。藏族女青年唇高和唇指数随年龄递增而减小,唇形特征以中唇型(69. 2%)和宽口裂(73. 6%)为主。
Objective To investigate the lip index and mouth breadth of the native Tibetan nationality female.Methods A total of 542 Tibetan nationality people aged 18-23 years old in Lhasa were selected to measure the mouth breadth,lip height and lip index. Results The mean of the Tibetan nationality female's lip height was( 18. 01±4. 29) mm,mouth breadth was( 49. 40±5. 55) mm,and lip index was( 36. 60±8. 21) mm. The mean values of lip height and lip index of the Kham Tibetan were significantly different from those of the Lhasa Tibetan and the Amdo Tibetan( P< 0. 01). There was significant difference in the mean mouth breadth between Lhasa Tibetan and the Amdo Tibetan( P<0. 01).There was a significant negative correlation between lip height and age( r =-0. 124,P<0. 01),there was a significant negative correlation between lip index and age( r =-0. 155,P<0. 01),There was no statistically significant correlation between the width of the mouth and the age( P > 0. 05). Conclusion Kham Tibetan has a higher lip height,and the Amdo Tibetan has a wider mouth breadth. Tibetan nationality female lip index indicates the normal lips group as the main( 69. 2%),and wide group with mouth breadth as the main( 73. 6%).
Objective To investigate the lip index and mouth breadth of the native Tibetan nationality female.Methods A total of 542 Tibetan nationality people aged 18-23 years old in Lhasa were selected to measure the mouth breadth,lip height and lip index. Results The mean of the Tibetan nationality female's lip height was( 18. 01±4. 29) mm,mouth breadth was( 49. 40±5. 55) mm,and lip index was( 36. 60±8. 21) mm. The mean values of lip height and lip index of the Kham Tibetan were significantly different from those of the Lhasa Tibetan and the Amdo Tibetan( P< 0. 01). There was significant difference in the mean mouth breadth between Lhasa Tibetan and the Amdo Tibetan( P<0. 01).There was a significant negative correlation between lip height and age( r =-0. 124,P<0. 01),there was a significant negative correlation between lip index and age( r =-0. 155,P<0. 01),There was no statistically significant correlation between the width of the mouth and the age( P > 0. 05). Conclusion Kham Tibetan has a higher lip height,and the Amdo Tibetan has a wider mouth breadth. Tibetan nationality female lip index indicates the normal lips group as the main( 69. 2%),and wide group with mouth breadth as the main( 73. 6%).
引文
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[17]Wen YF,Ye LP,Hu R,et al.Preliminary research on the origin of Tibetan ethnic populations in Tibet:The clue from dermatoglyphics[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2011,30(1):102-108.(in Chinese)温有锋,叶丽平,胡荣,等.西藏藏族起源初探---来自掌指纹的线索[J].人类学学报,2011,30(1):102-108.
[18]Yang L,Xu GCh,Xi HJ,et al.Morphology characteristics of head and face of Henan Han nationality adults[J].Journal of Tianjin Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2012,32(1):60-64.(in Chinese)杨雷,徐国昌,席焕久,等.河南汉族成人头面部形态特征研究[J].天津师范大学学报(自然版),2012,32(1):60-64.
[19]Li YL,Zheng LB,Yu KL.Race analysis based on physical characteristics of the Han from South China[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2017(2):248-259.(in Chinese)李咏兰,郑连斌,宇克莉.从体质特征看中国南方汉族的人种归属[J].人类学学报,2017(2):248-259.
[20]He GQ,Yue XG,Yang XQ,et al.A study of the physical features of Sanyan Tibetans[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2009,28(4):408-417.(in Chinese)何国强,岳小国,杨晓芹,等.三岩藏族体质特征研究[J].人类学学报,2009,28(4):408-417.
[21]Fu WY,Xu GCh,Hou JR,et al.The biological morphology and age changes on lip in Henan Han nationality adults[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(31):176-178.(in Chinese)付卫云,徐国昌,侯俊然,等.河南汉族成人唇部生物学形态及年龄变化[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(31):176-178.
[22]Wang Y,Zheng LB,Yu KL,et al.Variation of morphological traits in head-facial values with age of Han in Chuzhou of Anhui[J].Journal of Tianjin Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2011,31(4):86-91.(in Chinese)王杨,郑连斌,宇克莉,等.安徽滁州地区汉族人群头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J].天津师范大学学报(自然版),2011,31(4):86-91.
[2]Evans CA,Viana G,Anderson NK,et al.Tolerance of deviations in eye and mouth position[J].Orthod Craniofac Res,2005,8(2):75-84.
[3]Li YL,Zheng LB,Yu KL,et al.Variation of head and facial morphological characteristics with increased age of Han in Southern China[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2013,58(4):336-343.(in Chinese)李咏兰,郑连斌,宇克莉,等.南方汉族人头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J].科学通报,2013,58(4):336-343.
[4]Pi JH,Tan J,Xiang DB,et al.A study of physical anthropology of the Dong people in Hubei Province[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2016,35(4):598-607.(in Chinese)皮建辉,谭娟,向德标,等.湖北侗族的体质人类学[J].人类学学报,2016,35(4):598-607.
[5]Vegter F,Mulder JW,Hage JJ.The lip index:an anthropometric tool to evaluate objectively the result of the Abbe flap procedure[J].Ann Plast Surg,1998,41(2):166-170.
[6]Li YL,Zheng LB.Differences of head and face characteristics between Chinese Han in north and southwest China and Japanese[J].Chinese Journal of Anatomy,2017,40(1):60-62.(in Chinese)李咏兰,郑连斌.中国华北地区、西南地区汉族人与日本人的头面部形态学差异[J].解剖学杂志,2017,40(1):60-62.
[7]Desmedt DJ,Maal TJ,Kuijpers MA,et al.Nasolabial symmetry and esthetics in cleft lip and palate:analysis of 3D facial images[J].Clin Oral Investig,2015,19(8):1833-1842.
[8]Ioi H,Kang S,Shimomura T,et al.Effects of vermilion height on lip esthetics in Japanese and Korean orthodontists and orthodontic patients.[J].Angle Orthod,2014,84(2):239-245.
[9]Xi HJ,Chen Zh.Anthropometric Methods[M].Beijing:Science Press,2010:156.(in Chinese)席焕久,陈昭.人体测量方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:156.
[10]Wang ZX,Wang XY.An thropological study on Tibetan[J].Journal of Taishan Mesical College,1997,18(2):82-86.(in Chinese)王增贤,王小亚.藏族体质特征的初步研究[J].泰山医学院学报,1997,18(2):82-86.
[11]Hu XY,Lan ShQ,Wang L,et al.Investigaton of the constitutional characteristics of yong and middle-aged people of Jiarong Zang nationality in Markang in Sichuan[J].Journal of Luzhou Medical College,1988,11(2):88-92.(in Chinese)胡兴宇,兰顺清,汪谰,等.对四川省马尔康县境内嘉戎藏族男女青壮年体质特征的调查研究[J].泸州医学院学报,1988,11(2):88-92.
[12]Hu XY,Lan ShQ,Wang L,et al.Investigaton of the constitutional characteristics of yong and middle-aged people of Anduo Zang nationality in Hongyuan in Sichuan[J].Journal of Luzhou Medical College,1988,11(2):83-87.(in Chinese)胡兴宇,兰顺清,汪澜,等.对四川省红原县境内安多藏族男女青壮年体质特征的调查研究[J].泸州医学院学报,1988,11(2):83-87.
[13]Hu XY,Wu GX,Wang L,et al.Investigaton on the constitutional characteristics of yong and middle-aged Anduo Zang people nationality in Maqu of Gansu province[J].Journal of Luzhou Medical College,1991,(2):102-106.(in Chinese)胡兴宇,吴国雄,汪澜,等.对甘肃省玛曲县境内安多藏族青壮年体质特征的调查研究[J].泸州医学院学报,1991,(2):102-106.
[14]Du RP.Chinese Population Genetics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2004:89.(in Chinese)杜若甫.中国人群体遗传学[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:89.
[15]Yang JR.The head of Tibetan youth in southern Gansu[J].Journal of Lanhou Medical College,1983(3):29-35.(in Chinese)杨金荣.甘南藏族青年头面测量[J].兰州医学院学报,1983(3):29-35.
[16]Chen RB,Ye GY,Geng ZhCh,et al.Revelations of the origin of Chinese nation from clustering analysis and frequency distribution of HLA polymorphism in major minority nationalities in mainland China[J].Acta Genetica Sinica,1993,20(5):389-398.(in Chinese)陈仁彪,叶根跃,庚镇城,等.我国大陆主要少数民族HLA多态性聚类分析和频率分布对中华民族起源的启示[J].遗传学报,1993,20(5):389-398.
[17]Wen YF,Ye LP,Hu R,et al.Preliminary research on the origin of Tibetan ethnic populations in Tibet:The clue from dermatoglyphics[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2011,30(1):102-108.(in Chinese)温有锋,叶丽平,胡荣,等.西藏藏族起源初探---来自掌指纹的线索[J].人类学学报,2011,30(1):102-108.
[18]Yang L,Xu GCh,Xi HJ,et al.Morphology characteristics of head and face of Henan Han nationality adults[J].Journal of Tianjin Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2012,32(1):60-64.(in Chinese)杨雷,徐国昌,席焕久,等.河南汉族成人头面部形态特征研究[J].天津师范大学学报(自然版),2012,32(1):60-64.
[19]Li YL,Zheng LB,Yu KL.Race analysis based on physical characteristics of the Han from South China[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2017(2):248-259.(in Chinese)李咏兰,郑连斌,宇克莉.从体质特征看中国南方汉族的人种归属[J].人类学学报,2017(2):248-259.
[20]He GQ,Yue XG,Yang XQ,et al.A study of the physical features of Sanyan Tibetans[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2009,28(4):408-417.(in Chinese)何国强,岳小国,杨晓芹,等.三岩藏族体质特征研究[J].人类学学报,2009,28(4):408-417.
[21]Fu WY,Xu GCh,Hou JR,et al.The biological morphology and age changes on lip in Henan Han nationality adults[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(31):176-178.(in Chinese)付卫云,徐国昌,侯俊然,等.河南汉族成人唇部生物学形态及年龄变化[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(31):176-178.
[22]Wang Y,Zheng LB,Yu KL,et al.Variation of morphological traits in head-facial values with age of Han in Chuzhou of Anhui[J].Journal of Tianjin Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2011,31(4):86-91.(in Chinese)王杨,郑连斌,宇克莉,等.安徽滁州地区汉族人群头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J].天津师范大学学报(自然版),2011,31(4):86-91.
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