土遗址锚固土体-浆体(CGN+C)界面力学性能
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摘要
为揭示土遗址锚固系统中第二交界面黏结破坏机制,采用自主研制的依托压力试验机的第二交界面力学性能试验装置及试样制作装置,以孔壁粗糙度及注浆体配合比为变化参数,设计了两组共30个土体-浆体(CGN+C)界面试样进行室内推出试验。结果表明:锚固系统土体-浆体的荷载-滑移关系曲线具有明显的峰值强度;研究用各类浆体30 cm锚固长度可提供0.08～0.26 MPa(光滑孔壁)与0.26～0.46 MPa(螺纹孔壁)的抗剪强度,螺纹界面使抗剪强度最大提高了4.21倍;随烧料礓石掺和比的增大,两组试样抗剪强度值呈现的规律基本相同;光滑界面的剪滑曲线特征主要呈应变强化型,螺纹界面曲线特征主要呈应变软化型;界面剪应力-位移关系模型与试验结果拟合度较好。研究结论为土遗址锚固系统内部力学过程研究奠定理论基础。
In order to reveal the cohesive failure mechanism of the second interface of anchor system in earthen sites, two groups of30 soil-grout interface samples are designed to carry push-out test in laboratory with different bore wall roughnesses and mixture ratios of grouting materials. The second interface properties are studied relying on the independently-developed pressure testing machine and sample preparation device. The results show that the load-slip relation curve has obvious peak strength. The 30 cm anchorage length can provide shear stresses of 0.08～0.26 MPa on smooth hole wall and 0.26～0.46 MPa on thread hole wall. The shear strength of the thread interface has increased by 4.21 times in maximam. The shear strength of samples in two groups is almost the same by the increase ratio of the calcined ginger nuts(CGN). The character of smooth/thread interface is strain hardening/softening in shear-slide curves. According to bond stress-slip relationship model, the fitting curves present good agreement with the test results. The research lays a theoretical foundation for the internal mechanical process of anchor system in earthen sites.
In order to reveal the cohesive failure mechanism of the second interface of anchor system in earthen sites, two groups of30 soil-grout interface samples are designed to carry push-out test in laboratory with different bore wall roughnesses and mixture ratios of grouting materials. The second interface properties are studied relying on the independently-developed pressure testing machine and sample preparation device. The results show that the load-slip relation curve has obvious peak strength. The 30 cm anchorage length can provide shear stresses of 0.08～0.26 MPa on smooth hole wall and 0.26～0.46 MPa on thread hole wall. The shear strength of the thread interface has increased by 4.21 times in maximam. The shear strength of samples in two groups is almost the same by the increase ratio of the calcined ginger nuts(CGN). The character of smooth/thread interface is strain hardening/softening in shear-slide curves. According to bond stress-slip relationship model, the fitting curves present good agreement with the test results. The research lays a theoretical foundation for the internal mechanical process of anchor system in earthen sites.
引文
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[7]钱建固,陈宏伟,贾鹏,等.注浆成型螺纹桩接触面特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(9):1744-1749.QIAN Jian-gu,CHEN Hong-wei,JIA Peng,et al.Experimental study of mechanical behaviour of grouting-screw pile interface[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(9):1744-1749.
[8]张明义,白晓宇,高强,等.黏性土中桩-土界面受力机制室内试验研究[J].岩土力学,2017,38(8):2167-2174.ZHANG Ming-yi,BAI Xiao-yu,GAO Qiang,et al.Experimental study on interfacial bearing mechanism of piles in cohesive soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(8):2167-2174.
[9]K?L?C A,YASAR E,CELIK A G.Effect of grout properties on the pull-out load capacity of fully grouted rock bolt[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2002,17(4):355-362.
[10]饶枭宇,李剑,杨静.锚固注浆体性能试验研究[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2009,28(3):497-500.RAO Xiao-yu,LI Jian,YANG Jing.Experimental study on performance of cement-based grout for anchorage engineering[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science),2009,28(3):497-500.
[11]BENMOKRANE B,CHENNOUF A,MITRI H S.Laboratory evaluation of cement-based grouts and grouted rock anchors[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences&Geomechanics Abstracts,1995,32(7):633-642.
[12]CALISKAN S.Aggregate/mortar interface:influence of silica fume at the micro-and macro-level[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2003,25(4):557-564.
[13]陈琛,冷伍明,杨奇,等.混凝土桩-泥皮-砂土接触面力学特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2018,39(7):2461-2472.CHEN Chen,LENG Wu-ming,YANG Qi,et al.Experimental study of mechanical properties of concrete pile-slurry-sand interface[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(7):2461-2472.
[14]陈记,徐卫亚,朱珍德,等.基岩-混凝土胶结面剪切强度JRC-JCS模型研究[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31(4):407-410.CHEN Ji,XU Wei-ya,ZHU Zhen-de,et al.Study on shear strength JRC-JCS model of rock-concrete cement[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Science),2003,31(4):407-410.
[15]龚成中,龚维明,何春林,等.孔壁粗糙度对深嵌岩桩承载特性的影响[J].中国公路学报,2011,24(2):56-61.GONG Cheng-zhong,GONG Wei-ming,HE Chun-lin,et al.Influence of hole side roughness on bearing characteristic of deep rock-socked pile[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2011,24(2):56-61.
[16]胡黎明,濮家骝.土与结构物接触面物理力学特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(4):431-435.HU Li-ming,PU Jia-liu.Experimental study on mechanical characteristics of soil-structure interface[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(4):431-435.
[17]周国庆,夏红春,赵光思.深部土-结构接触面与界面层力学特性的直接剪切试验[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(10):1157-1162.ZHOU Guo-qing,XIA Chun-hong,ZHAO Guang-si.Direct shear experiment of deep soil-structure interface and interface layer mechanical characteristics[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2008,33(10):1157-1162.
[18]夏红春,周国庆.土-结构接触面剪切力学特性及其影响因素试验[J].中国矿业大学学报,2010,39(6):831-836.XIA Chun-hong,ZHOU Guo-qing.Experimental study of the shear mechanical characteristics at a soil-structure interface and the factors affecting them[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2010,39(6):831-836.
[19]任晓茹,张景科,王南,等.土遗址锚固用烧料礓石拌合遗址土浆液龄期性能[J].材料科学与工程学报,2017,35(1):62-66.REN Xiao-ru,ZHANG Jing-ke,WANG Nan,et al.Age performance of grout mixed with calcined ginger nuts and earthen fabric in anchoring conservation of earthen sites[J].Journal of Materials Science and Engineering,2017,35(1):62-66.
[20]CHU L M,YIN J H.Study on soil-cement grout interface shear strength of soil nailing by direct shear box testing method[J].Geomechanics&Geoengineering:An International Journal,2006,1(4):259-273.
[21]饶枭宇,唐树名,张永兴,等.注浆体配合比改善岩锚抗拔特性的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(2):390-396.RAO Xiao-yu,TANG Shu-ming,ZHANG Yong-xing,et al.Experimental study on mixture ratios of grouting material for improvement of pull-out behaviors of rock cables[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(2):390-396.
[22]崔凯,王东华,谌文武,等.基于改性糯米灰浆的3种锚杆锚固性能对比研究[J].岩土力学,2018,39(2):498-506.CUI Kai,WANG Dong-hua,CHEN Wen-wu,et al.Comparative study of anchorage performance of three types of bolts fully grouted by modified glutinous rice mortar[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(2):498-506.
[23]张永兴,饶枭宇,唐树明,等.预应力锚索注浆体与岩石粘结界面抗剪强度试验[J].中国公路学报,2008,21(6):1-6.ZHANG Yong-xing,RAO Xiao-yu,TANG Shu-ming,et al.Experiment on shear strength of cementation plane between grout and rock in prestressed anchor[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2008,21(6):1-6.
[24]张冬霁,卢廷浩.一种土与结构接触面模型的建立及其应用[J].岩土工程学报,1998,20(6):62-66.ZHANG Dong-ji,LU Ting-hao.Establishment and application of a interface model between soil and structure[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1998,20(6):62-66.
[25]ZHOU A Z,LU T H.Elasto-plastic constitutive model of soil-structure interface in consideration of strain softening and dilation[J].Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica,2009,22(2):171-179.
[26]许开成,毕丽苹,陈梦成.钢管混凝土界面黏结应力-滑移本构关系试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2015,36(增刊1):407-412.XU Kai-cheng,BI Li-ping,CHEN Meng-cheng.Experimental study on bond stress-slip constitutive relationship for CFST[J].Journal of Building Structures,2015,36(Suppl.1):407-412.
[2]张景科,陈鹏飞,谌文武,等.夯土-水硬石灰与石英砂浆液-木锚杆锚固系统性能[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2015,37(3):86-93.ZHANG Jing-ke,CHEN Peng-fei,CHEN Wen-wu,et al.Anchor performance of wood bolt fully grouted by natural hydraulic lime and quartz sand slurry[J].Journal of Civil Architectural and Environmental Engineering,2015,37(3):86-93.
[3]尤春安,战玉宝.预应力锚索锚固段界面滑移的细观力学分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(10):1976-1985.YOU Chun-an,ZHAN Yu-bao.Analysis of interfacial slip mesomechanics in anchorage section of prestressed anchor cable[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(10):1976-1985.
[4]曹俊.混凝土和聚合砂浆粘结界面的剪切性能试验研究[J].工业建筑,2011(增刊1):750-753.CAO Jun.The research on adhesive shearing behavior of polymer mortar and concrete[J].Industrial Construction,2011(Suppl.1):750-753.
[5]刘亚林,杨树桐,黄维平.混凝土与砂浆界面粘结性能试验方法研究[J].工程力学,2013,30(增刊1):217-220.LIU Ya-lin,YANG Shu-tong,HUANG Wei-ping.Study of test method on bond performance between mortar and concrete[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(Suppl.1):217-220.
[6]SPRINCE A,PAKRASTINSH L.Helical pile behaviour and load transfer mechanism in different soils[C]//The10th International Conference.Vilnius:[s.n.],2010:1174-1180.
[7]钱建固,陈宏伟,贾鹏,等.注浆成型螺纹桩接触面特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(9):1744-1749.QIAN Jian-gu,CHEN Hong-wei,JIA Peng,et al.Experimental study of mechanical behaviour of grouting-screw pile interface[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(9):1744-1749.
[8]张明义,白晓宇,高强,等.黏性土中桩-土界面受力机制室内试验研究[J].岩土力学,2017,38(8):2167-2174.ZHANG Ming-yi,BAI Xiao-yu,GAO Qiang,et al.Experimental study on interfacial bearing mechanism of piles in cohesive soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(8):2167-2174.
[9]K?L?C A,YASAR E,CELIK A G.Effect of grout properties on the pull-out load capacity of fully grouted rock bolt[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2002,17(4):355-362.
[10]饶枭宇,李剑,杨静.锚固注浆体性能试验研究[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2009,28(3):497-500.RAO Xiao-yu,LI Jian,YANG Jing.Experimental study on performance of cement-based grout for anchorage engineering[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science),2009,28(3):497-500.
[11]BENMOKRANE B,CHENNOUF A,MITRI H S.Laboratory evaluation of cement-based grouts and grouted rock anchors[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences&Geomechanics Abstracts,1995,32(7):633-642.
[12]CALISKAN S.Aggregate/mortar interface:influence of silica fume at the micro-and macro-level[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2003,25(4):557-564.
[13]陈琛,冷伍明,杨奇,等.混凝土桩-泥皮-砂土接触面力学特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2018,39(7):2461-2472.CHEN Chen,LENG Wu-ming,YANG Qi,et al.Experimental study of mechanical properties of concrete pile-slurry-sand interface[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(7):2461-2472.
[14]陈记,徐卫亚,朱珍德,等.基岩-混凝土胶结面剪切强度JRC-JCS模型研究[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31(4):407-410.CHEN Ji,XU Wei-ya,ZHU Zhen-de,et al.Study on shear strength JRC-JCS model of rock-concrete cement[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Science),2003,31(4):407-410.
[15]龚成中,龚维明,何春林,等.孔壁粗糙度对深嵌岩桩承载特性的影响[J].中国公路学报,2011,24(2):56-61.GONG Cheng-zhong,GONG Wei-ming,HE Chun-lin,et al.Influence of hole side roughness on bearing characteristic of deep rock-socked pile[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2011,24(2):56-61.
[16]胡黎明,濮家骝.土与结构物接触面物理力学特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(4):431-435.HU Li-ming,PU Jia-liu.Experimental study on mechanical characteristics of soil-structure interface[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(4):431-435.
[17]周国庆,夏红春,赵光思.深部土-结构接触面与界面层力学特性的直接剪切试验[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(10):1157-1162.ZHOU Guo-qing,XIA Chun-hong,ZHAO Guang-si.Direct shear experiment of deep soil-structure interface and interface layer mechanical characteristics[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2008,33(10):1157-1162.
[18]夏红春,周国庆.土-结构接触面剪切力学特性及其影响因素试验[J].中国矿业大学学报,2010,39(6):831-836.XIA Chun-hong,ZHOU Guo-qing.Experimental study of the shear mechanical characteristics at a soil-structure interface and the factors affecting them[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2010,39(6):831-836.
[19]任晓茹,张景科,王南,等.土遗址锚固用烧料礓石拌合遗址土浆液龄期性能[J].材料科学与工程学报,2017,35(1):62-66.REN Xiao-ru,ZHANG Jing-ke,WANG Nan,et al.Age performance of grout mixed with calcined ginger nuts and earthen fabric in anchoring conservation of earthen sites[J].Journal of Materials Science and Engineering,2017,35(1):62-66.
[20]CHU L M,YIN J H.Study on soil-cement grout interface shear strength of soil nailing by direct shear box testing method[J].Geomechanics&Geoengineering:An International Journal,2006,1(4):259-273.
[21]饶枭宇,唐树名,张永兴,等.注浆体配合比改善岩锚抗拔特性的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(2):390-396.RAO Xiao-yu,TANG Shu-ming,ZHANG Yong-xing,et al.Experimental study on mixture ratios of grouting material for improvement of pull-out behaviors of rock cables[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(2):390-396.
[22]崔凯,王东华,谌文武,等.基于改性糯米灰浆的3种锚杆锚固性能对比研究[J].岩土力学,2018,39(2):498-506.CUI Kai,WANG Dong-hua,CHEN Wen-wu,et al.Comparative study of anchorage performance of three types of bolts fully grouted by modified glutinous rice mortar[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(2):498-506.
[23]张永兴,饶枭宇,唐树明,等.预应力锚索注浆体与岩石粘结界面抗剪强度试验[J].中国公路学报,2008,21(6):1-6.ZHANG Yong-xing,RAO Xiao-yu,TANG Shu-ming,et al.Experiment on shear strength of cementation plane between grout and rock in prestressed anchor[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2008,21(6):1-6.
[24]张冬霁,卢廷浩.一种土与结构接触面模型的建立及其应用[J].岩土工程学报,1998,20(6):62-66.ZHANG Dong-ji,LU Ting-hao.Establishment and application of a interface model between soil and structure[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1998,20(6):62-66.
[25]ZHOU A Z,LU T H.Elasto-plastic constitutive model of soil-structure interface in consideration of strain softening and dilation[J].Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica,2009,22(2):171-179.
[26]许开成,毕丽苹,陈梦成.钢管混凝土界面黏结应力-滑移本构关系试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2015,36(增刊1):407-412.XU Kai-cheng,BI Li-ping,CHEN Meng-cheng.Experimental study on bond stress-slip constitutive relationship for CFST[J].Journal of Building Structures,2015,36(Suppl.1):407-412.
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