基于层次分析法的陕西省城市生态系统健康动态评价
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摘要
针对城市快速发展给生态环境带来的压力问题,对陕西省城市生态系统健康评价进行了相关研究。根据城市生态系统健康的内涵及数据的可获得性,从活力、组织力、恢复力、生态系统服务功能和人类健康状况方面构建了健康评价指标体系,确定了健康评价标准。采用层次分析法确定指标权重,进而对该省2013-2017年省域层面城市生态系统健康状况进行动态评价。研究表明,活力与组织结构两要素对生态系统健康有较大贡献,生态系统服务功能随着时间推移在不断提高,自然结构和垃圾处理能力是当前胁迫生态系统健康的主要因素。总体而言陕西省城市生态系统健康水平呈现逐年上升趋势,未来仍有较大的发展潜力和提升空间。
In view of the pressure brought by the rapid development of the city to the ecological environment, relevant research was carried out on the evaluation of urban ecosystem health in Shaanxi Province. According to the connotation of urban ecosystem health and the availability of data, this paper established a health evaluation index system from the aspects of vitality, organization, resilience, ecosystem service function and human health status, and determined the health evaluation criteria. The analytic hierarchy process is used to determine the weight of the indicators, and then the dynamic evaluation of the urban ecosystem health status at the provincial level in 2013-2017 is carried out. The result showed that both vitality and organizational structure contribute to ecosystem health. Ecosystem service functions are constantly improving over time. Natural structure and waste disposal capacity are the main factors that hinder ecosystem health. In general, the health level of urban ecosystems in Shaanxi Province is increasing year by year, and there is still a large potential for development and room for improvement in the future.
In view of the pressure brought by the rapid development of the city to the ecological environment, relevant research was carried out on the evaluation of urban ecosystem health in Shaanxi Province. According to the connotation of urban ecosystem health and the availability of data, this paper established a health evaluation index system from the aspects of vitality, organization, resilience, ecosystem service function and human health status, and determined the health evaluation criteria. The analytic hierarchy process is used to determine the weight of the indicators, and then the dynamic evaluation of the urban ecosystem health status at the provincial level in 2013-2017 is carried out. The result showed that both vitality and organizational structure contribute to ecosystem health. Ecosystem service functions are constantly improving over time. Natural structure and waste disposal capacity are the main factors that hinder ecosystem health. In general, the health level of urban ecosystems in Shaanxi Province is increasing year by year, and there is still a large potential for development and room for improvement in the future.
引文
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[21] 景彩娥,张福平.太原市城市生态系统健康评价及其趋势预测[J].水土保持通报,2013(3):280-286.
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[23] 单海燕,杨君良.长三角区域城市生态系统健康评价分析[J].阅江学刊,2017(3):62-71,146.
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[35] 李恒,黄民生,姚玲,等.基于能值分析的合肥城市生态系统健康动态评价[J].生态学杂志,2011,30(1):183-188.
[36] Su M R,Yang Z F,Chen B.Set pair analysis for urban ecosystem health assessment[J].Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation,2009,14(4):1773-1780.
[37] 李艳利,李东艳,李艳粉.层次分析法与模糊综合评价法在城市生态系统健康评价中的应用[J].广州环境科学,2009,24(3):39-44.
[38] 袁明鹏,严河.城市生态系统健康评价的层次分析法应用研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2003,24(8):84-86.
[39] 王艳,曹俊茹,孟庆娟.基于综合评价模型的城市生态健康评价[J].湖北农业科学,2011,50(15):3211-3213.
[40] Saaty T L.Analytic hierarchy process[M]//Encyclopedia of operations research and management science.Springer,Boston,MA,2013:52-64.
[41] 汪应洛.系统工程[M].5版.北京:机械工业出版社,2015:124.
[2] 刘丹丹,万大娟,陈思思.河南省城市生态系统健康状况评价[J].河南科学,2017(9):1518-1522.
[3] Alberti M.The effects of urban patterns on ecosystem function[J].International regional science review,2005,28(2):168-192.
[4]Jiang M M,Chen B.Integrated urban ecosystem evaluation and modeling based on embodied cosmic exergy[J].Ecological modelling,2011,222(13):2149-2165.
[5]Su M R,Yang Z F,Chen B,et al.Urban ecosystem health assessment based on emergy and set pair analysis—A comparative study of typical Chinese cities[J].Ecological modelling,2009,220(18):2341-2348.
[6] 胡碧玉,胡昌升,郭郡郡.基于熵权的川北城市生态系统健康综合评价[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(6):158-162.
[7] 于洪良.基于TOPSIS方法的城市生态系统评价研究——以山东省东营市为例[J].经济与管理评论,2014(6):155-160.
[8] 李梦婕,申双和,李雨鸿,等.模糊数学方法评价南京城市生态系统健康形势[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(22):107-115.
[9] 王智宇,马俊杰,陈新新,等.基于能值分析的西安市3个发展核心区生态健康评价[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(4):317-323.
[10] 刘培德,滕飞.基于混合指标值TODIM方法的东营市生态系统健康评价[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017(8):167-176.
[11] Moussiopoulos N,Achillas C,Vlachokostas C,et al.Environmental,social and economic information management for the evaluation of sustainability in urban areas:A system of indicators for Thessaloniki,Greece[J].Cities,2010,27(5):377-384.
[12] Dizdaroglu D.Developing micro-level urban ecosystem indicators for sustainability assessment[J].Environmental Impact Assessment Review,2015,54:119-124.
[13] 张晓琴,石培基.基于PSR模型的兰州城市生态系统健康评价研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2010,24(3):77-82.
[14] 耿涌.基于灰色层次分析法的城市复合产业生态系统综合评价[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2010,20(1):112-117.
[15] 陶晓燕.我国典型资源枯竭型城市生态系统健康综合评价[J].地域研究与开发,2010,29(1):119-123.
[16] 刘丽丽,刘金萍,李建国,等.基于属性层次-识别模型的重庆市南岸区生态系统健康评价[J].长江流域资源与环境,2010,19(2):214-219.
[17] 张俊华,杨耀红,陈南祥.基于模糊聚类方法的城市生态系统健康评价[J].河南农业大学学报,2010,44(3):360-364.
[18] 伍阳,蒋加洪,甘欣.京津沪渝生态安全评价指标体系的选择及其评价[J].四川环境,2017,36(1):89-95.
[19] 师谦友,赵檐瑾,罗晶.基于熵权分析的西安城市生态系统健康评价[J].资源开发与市场,2011,27(4):304-307.
[20] 李双江,罗晓,胡亚妮.快速城市化进程中石家庄城市生态系统健康评价[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(3):245-249.
[21] 景彩娥,张福平.太原市城市生态系统健康评价及其趋势预测[J].水土保持通报,2013(3):280-286.
[22] 郭锐利.基于熵值法和GM(1,1)模型的重庆城市生态系统健康评价[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(6):1148-1152.
[23] 单海燕,杨君良.长三角区域城市生态系统健康评价分析[J].阅江学刊,2017(3):62-71,146.
[24] 高彩玲,田采霞,麻冰涓.基于熵权法的焦作市城市生态系统健康动态评价[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(3):197-202.
[25] 刘伟,石惠春,刘鹿.兰州市城市生态系统健康评价[J].资源开发与市场,2012,10(2):110-113.
[26] 吴长年,魏婷.开发区生态系统健康研究—以苏州高新区为例[J].四川环境,2005,24(6):54-58.
[27] 刘惠.基于模糊评价法的佛山城市生态系统健康动态研究[J].工业安全与环保,2015(10):30-34.
[28] Han B,Liu H,Wang R.Urban ecological security assessment for cities in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei metropolitan region based on fuzzy and entropy methods[J].Ecological Modelling,2015,318:217-225.
[29] 刘玒玒,汪妮,解建仓,等.基于熵权法的城市生态系统健康模糊评价[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2014,47(6):755-759.
[30] 秦趣,代稳,杨琴.基于熵权模糊综合评价法的城市生态系统安全研究[J].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,50(2):110-114.
[31] 徐雪松,刘人春,杨胜杰.基于突变级数的中国“城市矿产”产业生态系统评价研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,(S2):14-16.
[32] 吕爽,齐青青,张泽中,等.基于突变理论的城市河流生态健康评价研究[J].人民黄河,2017,(4):78-81.
[33] 官冬杰,苏印,何政春.基于模糊数学模型的城市生态系统健康动态变化评价[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(5):150-156.
[34] Zeng Y,Shen G X,Huang S F,et al.Assessment of urban ecosystem health in Shanghai[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2005,14(2):208-212.
[35] 李恒,黄民生,姚玲,等.基于能值分析的合肥城市生态系统健康动态评价[J].生态学杂志,2011,30(1):183-188.
[36] Su M R,Yang Z F,Chen B.Set pair analysis for urban ecosystem health assessment[J].Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation,2009,14(4):1773-1780.
[37] 李艳利,李东艳,李艳粉.层次分析法与模糊综合评价法在城市生态系统健康评价中的应用[J].广州环境科学,2009,24(3):39-44.
[38] 袁明鹏,严河.城市生态系统健康评价的层次分析法应用研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2003,24(8):84-86.
[39] 王艳,曹俊茹,孟庆娟.基于综合评价模型的城市生态健康评价[J].湖北农业科学,2011,50(15):3211-3213.
[40] Saaty T L.Analytic hierarchy process[M]//Encyclopedia of operations research and management science.Springer,Boston,MA,2013:52-64.
[41] 汪应洛.系统工程[M].5版.北京:机械工业出版社,2015:124.
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