近14a新疆南疆绿洲地区地表蒸散与干旱的时空变化特征研究
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摘要
利用2001—2014年MOD16蒸散产品数据、MOD13植被NDVI数据以及常规气象资料,基于植被指数、地表净辐射、气温优化改进混合型线性双源遥感蒸散模型,拟合地表蒸散分析实际蒸散(ET)、潜在蒸散(PET)时空动态变化特征,结合气象站实测蒸发皿数据验证MOD16数据在绿洲地区的适用性。进一步定义蒸散干旱指数(EDI)并计算△EDI进行研究区干旱特征分析,为大面积特殊地形蒸散估算研究和干旱监测提供一定依据。结果表明:(1) MOD16产品数据与研究区实测蒸发皿数据的相关性很好,通过0.01显著性检验,基于MOD16数据估算南疆绿洲地区蒸散量检验可行。(2) 2001—2014年均蒸散量总体变化不大,四季差异明显,ET与PET空间变化趋势相反;ET、PET年均差值较大,绿洲地区地表缺水情况严重。(3)EDI指数绿洲地区年均值总体偏大,△EDI对旱情的反映和干旱程度的判断比较可靠。
Evapotranspiration is estimated based on NDVI,surface net radiation,air temperature by using China monthly meteorological data and MODIS remote sensing data which include evapotranspiration data(MOD16) and normalized difference vegetation index data(MOD13).Simplify and improve the parameters of mixed linear dual source remote sensing evapotranspiration model to estimate the surface evapotranspiration in oasis region of southern Xinjiang,China.Analysis of spatial and temporal variation characteristics of the actual-evapotranspiration(ET) and potential-evapotranspiration(PET) from 2001 to 2014.Besides,based on the correlation analysis of measured evaporation data from meteorological stations in southern Xinjiang,the applicability of MOD16 products in oasis region is already credible by means of statistical test.According to the evapotranspiration drought index(EDI),the distribution characteristics of drought in oasis of southern Xinjiang is analyzed,and the degree of drought is determined by the EDI anomaly.The results reflect that the annual mean evapotranspiration from 2001 to 2014 shows little change,and these are significant difference among the four seasons.The highest evapotranspiration is in summer and the lowest in winter.The spatial trend of ET and PET is in opposite situation.In addition,there is a huge disparity between the annual value of ET and PET which means the surface water shortage is serious in oasis.Furthermore,the average annual value of EDI index in oasis area is fairly large,the response of EDI anomaly to drought and the judgment of drought degree are reliable.From the perspective of energy and water-balance,this research simplifies the model parameters and enhances the applicability of the model.It has certain guiding significance for large scale areas evapotranspiration estimation and drought monitoring.
Evapotranspiration is estimated based on NDVI,surface net radiation,air temperature by using China monthly meteorological data and MODIS remote sensing data which include evapotranspiration data(MOD16) and normalized difference vegetation index data(MOD13).Simplify and improve the parameters of mixed linear dual source remote sensing evapotranspiration model to estimate the surface evapotranspiration in oasis region of southern Xinjiang,China.Analysis of spatial and temporal variation characteristics of the actual-evapotranspiration(ET) and potential-evapotranspiration(PET) from 2001 to 2014.Besides,based on the correlation analysis of measured evaporation data from meteorological stations in southern Xinjiang,the applicability of MOD16 products in oasis region is already credible by means of statistical test.According to the evapotranspiration drought index(EDI),the distribution characteristics of drought in oasis of southern Xinjiang is analyzed,and the degree of drought is determined by the EDI anomaly.The results reflect that the annual mean evapotranspiration from 2001 to 2014 shows little change,and these are significant difference among the four seasons.The highest evapotranspiration is in summer and the lowest in winter.The spatial trend of ET and PET is in opposite situation.In addition,there is a huge disparity between the annual value of ET and PET which means the surface water shortage is serious in oasis.Furthermore,the average annual value of EDI index in oasis area is fairly large,the response of EDI anomaly to drought and the judgment of drought degree are reliable.From the perspective of energy and water-balance,this research simplifies the model parameters and enhances the applicability of the model.It has certain guiding significance for large scale areas evapotranspiration estimation and drought monitoring.
引文
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[13] 刘雅妮,武建军,夏虹,等.地表蒸散遥感反演双层模型的研究方法综述[J].干旱区地理,2005,28(1):65-71.[LIU Yani,WU Jianjun,XIA Hong,et al.Summarization of research methods for surface evapotranspiration remote sensing inversion bi level model[J] Arid Land Geography,2005,28(1):65-71.]
[14] 阿迪来·乌甫,玉素甫江·如素力,热伊莱·卡得尔,等.基于MODIS数据的新疆地表蒸散量时空分布及变化趋势分析[J].地理研究,2017,36(7):1245-1256.[WUFU Adilai,RUSULI Yusufujiang,KADEER Reyilai,et al.Spatio-temporal distribution and evolution trend of evapotranspiration in Xinjiang based on MOD16 data[J] .Geographical Research,2017,36(7):1245-1256.]
[15] 何慧娟,卓静,董金芳,等.基于MOD16监测陕西省地表蒸散变化[J].干旱区地理,2015,38(5):960-967.[HE Huijuan,ZHUO Jing,DONG Jinfang,et al.Surveying variations of evapotranspiration in Shaanxi Province Using MOD16 products[J].Arid Land Geography,2015,38(5):960-967.]
[16] '张方敏,居为民,陈镜明,等.基于BEPS生态模型对亚洲东部地区蒸散量的模拟[J].自然资源学报,2010,25(9):1596-1606.[ZHANG Fangmin,JU Weiming,CHEN Jingming,et al.Study on evapotranspiration in east Asia using the BEPS ecological model[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2010,25(9):1598-1606.]
[17] 李新.塔里木盆地绿洲蒸散量的日变化规律分析[J].干旱区地理,1994,17(4):23-29.[LI Xin.Anakysis on daily evaporation in Tarim Oasis[J].Arid Land Geography,1994,17(4):23-29.]
[2] 黄小涛,罗格平.天山北坡低山丘陵干草原生长季蒸散特征[J].干旱区地理,2017,40(6):1198-1206.[HUANG Xiaotao,LUO Geping.Evapotranspiration characteristics of the growing season in hilly dry steppe,the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains[J].Arid Land Geography,2017,40(6):1198-1206.]
[3] 尹云鹤,吴绍洪,赵东升,等.1981—2010年气候变化对青藏高原实际蒸散的影响[J].地理学报,2012,67(11):1471-1481.[YIN Yunhe,WU Shaohong,ZHAO Dongsheng,et al.Impact of climate change on actual evapotranspiration on the Tibetan Plateau during 1981—2010[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2012,67(11):1471-1481.]
[4] 高歌,陈德亮,任国玉,等.1956—2000年中国潜在蒸散量变化趋势[J].地理研究,2006,25(3):378-387.[GAO Ge,CHEN Deliang,REN Guoyu,et al.Trend of potential evapotranspiration over China during 1956 to 2000[J].Geographical Research,2006,25(3):378-387.]
[5] 田静,苏红波,陈少辉,等.近20年来中国内陆地表蒸散的时空变化[J].资源科学,2012,34(7):1277-1286.[TIAN Jing,SU Hongbo,CHEN Shaohui,et al.Spatial-temporal variations of evapotranspiration in China mainland in recent 20 years[J].Resources Science,2012,34(7):1277-1286.]
[6] 辛晓洲,田国良,柳钦火.地表蒸散定量遥感的研究进展[J].遥感学报,2003,7(3):233-240.[XIN Xiaozhou,TIAN Guoliang,LIU Qinhuo.A review of researches on remote sensing of land surface evapotranspiration[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2003,7(3):233-240.]
[7] 郭淑海,杨国靖,李清峰,等.新疆阿克苏河上游高寒草甸蒸散发观测与估算[J].冰川冻土,2015,37(1):241-248.[GUO Shuhai,YANG Guojing,LI Qingfeng,et al.Observation and estimation of the evapotranspiration of alpine meadow in the upper reaches of the Aksu River,Xinjiang[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2015,37(1):241-248.]
[8] 王永东,李生宇,徐新文,等.Hargreaves公式在塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地的适用性[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(2):367-372.[WANG Yongdong,LI Shengyu,XU Xinwen,et al.Applicability of Hargreaves formula in the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert[J].Journal of Desert Research,2013,33(2):367-372.]
[9] 董婷,孟令奎,张文.1961—2012年我国干旱演变特征[J].干旱区研究,2018,35(1):96-106.[DONG Ting,MENG Lingkui,ZHANG Wen.Evolution of drought in China during the period of 1961—2012[J].Arid Zone Research,2018,35(1):96-106.]
[10] 李向婷,白洁,李光录,等.新疆荒漠稀疏植被覆盖度信息遥感提取方法比较[J].干旱区地理,2013,36(3):502-511.[LI Xiangting,BAI Jie,LI Guanglu,et al.Comparison of methods based on MODIS for estimating sparse vegetation fraction across desert in Xinjiang[J].Arid Land Geography,2013,36(3):502-511.]
[11] 李丹.海流兔河流域地下水、NDVI和蒸散的组合关系研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2016.[LI Dan.The composite relationships among groundwater,NDVI and evapotranspiration in the Hailiutu River Catchment,China[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2016.]
[12] NISHIDA K,NEMANI R R,RUNNING S W,et al.An operational remote sensing algorithm of land surface evaporation[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,2003,108(108):469-474.
[13] 刘雅妮,武建军,夏虹,等.地表蒸散遥感反演双层模型的研究方法综述[J].干旱区地理,2005,28(1):65-71.[LIU Yani,WU Jianjun,XIA Hong,et al.Summarization of research methods for surface evapotranspiration remote sensing inversion bi level model[J] Arid Land Geography,2005,28(1):65-71.]
[14] 阿迪来·乌甫,玉素甫江·如素力,热伊莱·卡得尔,等.基于MODIS数据的新疆地表蒸散量时空分布及变化趋势分析[J].地理研究,2017,36(7):1245-1256.[WUFU Adilai,RUSULI Yusufujiang,KADEER Reyilai,et al.Spatio-temporal distribution and evolution trend of evapotranspiration in Xinjiang based on MOD16 data[J] .Geographical Research,2017,36(7):1245-1256.]
[15] 何慧娟,卓静,董金芳,等.基于MOD16监测陕西省地表蒸散变化[J].干旱区地理,2015,38(5):960-967.[HE Huijuan,ZHUO Jing,DONG Jinfang,et al.Surveying variations of evapotranspiration in Shaanxi Province Using MOD16 products[J].Arid Land Geography,2015,38(5):960-967.]
[16] '张方敏,居为民,陈镜明,等.基于BEPS生态模型对亚洲东部地区蒸散量的模拟[J].自然资源学报,2010,25(9):1596-1606.[ZHANG Fangmin,JU Weiming,CHEN Jingming,et al.Study on evapotranspiration in east Asia using the BEPS ecological model[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2010,25(9):1598-1606.]
[17] 李新.塔里木盆地绿洲蒸散量的日变化规律分析[J].干旱区地理,1994,17(4):23-29.[LI Xin.Anakysis on daily evaporation in Tarim Oasis[J].Arid Land Geography,1994,17(4):23-29.]
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