海绵城市研究进展综述:从水文过程到生态恢复
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摘要
在我国快速城市化进程中,不合理的规划建设加剧了城市洪涝、城市缺水、生态功能降低等诸多问题,受国外低影响开发理念启发,国内学者提出了与城市水文过程紧密结合的解决之道——"海绵城市"。在梳理海绵城市概念、内涵和发展现状的基础上,讨论了海绵城市建设与城市水文过程之间的作用关系,指出海绵城市研究涵盖水环境、水资源、水安全和水生态等众多领域且不断融合拓展。归纳了海绵城市的发展趋势,强调应更加遵循因地制宜原则,积极响应多尺度气候变化,科学认知城市水文过程并完善城市生态系统构建。提出了海绵城市建设优化框架,在理论上从单纯地关注水文过程转变到全方位倡导生态水文修复,在技术方法上重点融合生态水文途径改善城市水文空间体系,将生态恢复作为重要建设方式来提升城市应对灾害的弹性。
Under the background of China′s rapid urbanization, the inadequate practices of urban constructions aggravate urban ecological consequences, including urban flooding, urban water shortage, and ecological degradation. Previous studies have proposed the concepts of low-impact development in urban regions. Based on these concepts and ideas, the definition of a "sponge city" is designated as an sustainable usage of urban water resources according to the urban hydrological processes. Here, we reviewed the relationship between sponge city and urban hydrological process by examining the concept, connotation, and development of the sponge city. The concept of sponge city covers many disciplines, such as the water environment, water resources, water safety, and water ecology. This concept has been continuously integrated and expanded under the concept of global change and urbanization. After summarizing the development trend of sponge cities, we emphasize the urgent need of current and future studies. First, we need to adapt the adapting principles with local conditions more closely. Second, the future study of sponge city should be actively respond to multi-scale climate change. Third, the construction of a sponge city should be based on the urban hydrological processes. Last, the construction of sponge city aims to improve the integrity of urban ecosystems. Finally, we proposed a framework for the optimization of sponge city construction in urban regions. The most important thing is to change the prevailing attitude from a focus on hydrological process to the advocacy of ecological hydrological restoration. In addition, much more focus should be placed on integrating hydrological approaches to improve urban ecological space systems and integrating ecological restoration into urban construction to improve urban resilience.
Under the background of China′s rapid urbanization, the inadequate practices of urban constructions aggravate urban ecological consequences, including urban flooding, urban water shortage, and ecological degradation. Previous studies have proposed the concepts of low-impact development in urban regions. Based on these concepts and ideas, the definition of a "sponge city" is designated as an sustainable usage of urban water resources according to the urban hydrological processes. Here, we reviewed the relationship between sponge city and urban hydrological process by examining the concept, connotation, and development of the sponge city. The concept of sponge city covers many disciplines, such as the water environment, water resources, water safety, and water ecology. This concept has been continuously integrated and expanded under the concept of global change and urbanization. After summarizing the development trend of sponge cities, we emphasize the urgent need of current and future studies. First, we need to adapt the adapting principles with local conditions more closely. Second, the future study of sponge city should be actively respond to multi-scale climate change. Third, the construction of a sponge city should be based on the urban hydrological processes. Last, the construction of sponge city aims to improve the integrity of urban ecosystems. Finally, we proposed a framework for the optimization of sponge city construction in urban regions. The most important thing is to change the prevailing attitude from a focus on hydrological process to the advocacy of ecological hydrological restoration. In addition, much more focus should be placed on integrating hydrological approaches to improve urban ecological space systems and integrating ecological restoration into urban construction to improve urban resilience.
引文
[1] 赵晶.城市化背景下的可持续雨洪管理.国际城市规划,2012,27(2):114- 119.
[2] 王耀明.《管子》“凡立国都”的句读.城市规划通讯,1994,(5):8.
[3] 刘畅,王思思,王文亮,王二松.中国古代城市规划思想对海绵城市建设的启示——以江苏省宜兴市为例.中国勘察设计,2015,(7):46- 51.
[4] 龚武.《管子·乘马》篇论国土、耕地的规制及其基础地位//安徽省管子研究会2011年年会暨全国第六届管子学术研讨会交流论文集.颍上:安徽省管子研究会,2011.
[5] 刘昌明,张永勇,王中根,王月玲,白鹏.维护良性水循环的城镇化LID模式:海绵城市规划方法与技术初步探讨.自然资源学报,2016,31(5):719- 731.
[6] 黄奕龙,傅伯杰,陈利顶.生态水文过程研究进展.生态学报,2003,23(3):580- 587.
[7] 张建云,宋晓猛,王国庆,贺瑞敏,王小军.变化环境下城市水文学的发展与挑战——I.城市水文效应.水科学进展,2014,25(4):594- 605.
[8] 王国荣,李正兆,张文中.海绵城市理论及其在城市规划中的实践构想.山西建筑,2014,40(36):5- 7.
[9] 俞孔坚,李迪华,袁弘,傅微,乔青,王思思.“海绵城市”理论与实践.城市规划,2015,39(6):26- 36.
[10] 秦语涵,王红武,张一龙.城市雨洪径流模型研究进展.环境科学与技术,2016,39(1):13- 19.
[11] 蔡凌豪.适用于“海绵城市”的水文水力模型概述.风景园林,2016,(2):33- 43.
[12] Coutu S,Giudice D D,Rossi L,Barry D A.Parsimonious hydrological modeling of urban sewer and river catchments.Journal of Hydrology,2012,464- 465:477- 484.
[13] Santhi C,Arnold J G,Williams J R,Dugas W A,Srinivasan R,Hauck L M.Validation of the SWAT model on a large river basin with point and nonpoint sources.Journal of the American Water Resources Association,2001,37(5):1169- 1188.
[14] Koudelak P S.Sewerage network modelling in Latvia,use of InfoWorks CS and storm water management model 5 in Liepaja city.Water and Environment Journal,2008,22(2):81- 87.
[15] 俞孔坚.海绵城市的三大关键策略:消纳、减速与适应.南方建筑,2015,1(3):4- 7.
[16] Farrugia S,Hudson M D,McCulloch L.An evaluation of flood control and urban cooling ecosystem services delivered by urban green infrastructure.International Journal of Biodiversity Science Ecosystem Services & Management,2013,9(2):136- 145.
[17] Andersson E,Barthel S,Borgstr?m S,Colding J,Elmqvist T,Folke C,Gren ?.Reconnecting Cities to the Biosphere:Stewardship of Green Infrastructure and Urban Ecosystem Services.Ambio,2014,43(4):445- 453.
[18] 李兰,李锋.“海绵城市”建设的关键科学问题与思考.生态学报,2018,38(7):2599- 2606.
[19] Marcucci D J,Jordan L M.Benefits and challenges of linking green infrastructure and highway planning in the United States.Environmental Management,2013,51(1):182- 197.
[20] O′Brien L,De Vreese R,Kern M,Siev?nen T,Stojanova B,Atmi? E.Cultural ecosystem benefits of urban and peri-urban green infrastructure across different European countries.Urban Forestry and Urban Greening,2017,24:236- 248.
[21] Dunphy A,Beecham S,Vigneswaran S,Ngo H H,Mclaughlan R,Collins A.Development of a confined water sensitive urban design (WSUD) system using engineered soils.Water Science and Technology:A Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research,2007,55(4):211- 218.
[22] Todorovic Z,Breton N P.A geographic information system screening tool to tackle diffuse pollution through the use of sustainable drainage systems.Water Science and Technology,2014,69(10):2066- 2073.
[23] Demuzere M,Coutts A M,G?hler M,Broadbent A M,Wouters H,van Lipzig N P M,Gebert L.The implementation of biofiltration systems,rainwater tanks and urban irrigation in a single-layer urban canopy model.Urban Climate,2014,10:148- 170.
[24] Saravanan V S,McDonald G T,Mollinga P P,Banuri T.Critical review of Integrated Water Resources Management:moving beyond polarised discourse.Natural Resources Forum,2010,33(1):76- 86.
[25] Chidammodzi C L,Muhandiki V S.Water resources management and Integrated Water Resources Management implementation in Malawi:Status and implications for lake basin management.Lakes & Reservoirs Research & Management,2017,22(2):101- 114.
[26] 郑艳,翟建青,武占云,李莹,史巍娜.基于适应性周期的韧性城市分类评价——以我国海绵城市与气候适应型城市试点为例.中国人口·资源与环境,2018,28(3):31- 38.
[27] 李慧莉,程一航,赵红花,王少峰.基于BIM技术的城市管网改造工程应用分析.给水排水,2016,42(5):122- 126.
[28] Graymore M L M,Wallis A M,Richards A J.An index of regional sustainability:a GIS-based multiple criteria analysis decision support system for progressing sustainability.Ecological Complexity,2009,6(4):453- 462.
[29] Napoli M,Cecchi S,Orlandini S,Zanchi C A.Determining potential rainwater harvesting sites using a continuous runoff potential accounting procedure and GIS techniques in central Italy.Agricultural Water Management,2014,141:55- 65.
[30] 夏军,邱冰,潘兴瑶,翁建武,傅国斌,欧阳如林.气候变化影响下水资源脆弱性评估方法及其应用.地球科学进展,2012,27(4):443- 451.
[31] 李峰平,章光新,董李勤.气候变化对水循环与水资源的影响研究综述.地理科学,2013,33(4):457- 464.
[32] 纪迪,张慧,沈渭寿,王桥,李海东,林乃峰.太湖流域下垫面改变与气候变化的响应关系.自然资源学报,2013,28(1):51- 62.
[33] 潘兴瑶,徐袈檬.城市水文过程与洪涝响应研究进展.北京水务,2018,(3):7- 13.
[34] 陈利顶.城市雨洪管控需要生态智慧的引领.生态学报,2016,36(16):4932- 4934.
[35] 张亮.西北地区海绵城市建设路径探索——以西咸新区为例.城市规划,2016,40(3):108- 112.
[36] 朱玲,由阳,程鹏飞,刘勇洪.海绵建设模式对城市热岛缓解效果研究.给水排水,2018,44(1):65- 69.
[37] 吕一河,胡健,孙飞翔,张立伟.水源涵养与水文调节:和而不同的陆地生态系统水文服务.生态学报,2015,35(15):5191- 5196.
[38] 严登华,王浩,杨舒媛,刘明国,霍竹.干旱区流域生态水文耦合模拟与调控的若干思考.地球科学进展,2008,23(7):773- 778.
[39] Seenath A,Wilson M,Miller K.Hydrodynamic versus GIS modelling for coastal flood vulnerability assessment:which is better for guiding coastal management?Ocean & Coastal Management,2016,120:99- 109.
[40] 杨大文,徐宗学,李哲,袁星,王磊,缪驰远,田富强,田立德,龙笛,汤秋鸿,刘星才,张学君.水文学研究进展与展望.地理科学进展,2018,37(1):36- 45.
[41] 任海,王俊,陆宏芳.恢复生态学的理论与研究进展.生态学报,2014,34(15):4117- 4124.
[42] Chidammodzi C L,Muhandiki V S.Water resources management and Integrated Water Resources Management implementation in Malawi:Status and implications for lake basin management.Lakes & Reservoirs Research & Management,2017,22(2):101- 114.
[43] 李俊奇,任艳芝,聂爱华,李小宁,宫永伟.海绵城市:跨界规划的思考.规划师,2016,32(5):5- 9.
[44] 徐江,邵亦文.韧性城市:应对城市危机的新思路.国际城市规划,2015,30(2):1- 3.
[45] Lienert J,Monstadt J,Truffer B.Future scenarios for a sustainable water sector:a case study from Switzerland.Environmental Science & Technology,2006,40(2):436- 442.
[2] 王耀明.《管子》“凡立国都”的句读.城市规划通讯,1994,(5):8.
[3] 刘畅,王思思,王文亮,王二松.中国古代城市规划思想对海绵城市建设的启示——以江苏省宜兴市为例.中国勘察设计,2015,(7):46- 51.
[4] 龚武.《管子·乘马》篇论国土、耕地的规制及其基础地位//安徽省管子研究会2011年年会暨全国第六届管子学术研讨会交流论文集.颍上:安徽省管子研究会,2011.
[5] 刘昌明,张永勇,王中根,王月玲,白鹏.维护良性水循环的城镇化LID模式:海绵城市规划方法与技术初步探讨.自然资源学报,2016,31(5):719- 731.
[6] 黄奕龙,傅伯杰,陈利顶.生态水文过程研究进展.生态学报,2003,23(3):580- 587.
[7] 张建云,宋晓猛,王国庆,贺瑞敏,王小军.变化环境下城市水文学的发展与挑战——I.城市水文效应.水科学进展,2014,25(4):594- 605.
[8] 王国荣,李正兆,张文中.海绵城市理论及其在城市规划中的实践构想.山西建筑,2014,40(36):5- 7.
[9] 俞孔坚,李迪华,袁弘,傅微,乔青,王思思.“海绵城市”理论与实践.城市规划,2015,39(6):26- 36.
[10] 秦语涵,王红武,张一龙.城市雨洪径流模型研究进展.环境科学与技术,2016,39(1):13- 19.
[11] 蔡凌豪.适用于“海绵城市”的水文水力模型概述.风景园林,2016,(2):33- 43.
[12] Coutu S,Giudice D D,Rossi L,Barry D A.Parsimonious hydrological modeling of urban sewer and river catchments.Journal of Hydrology,2012,464- 465:477- 484.
[13] Santhi C,Arnold J G,Williams J R,Dugas W A,Srinivasan R,Hauck L M.Validation of the SWAT model on a large river basin with point and nonpoint sources.Journal of the American Water Resources Association,2001,37(5):1169- 1188.
[14] Koudelak P S.Sewerage network modelling in Latvia,use of InfoWorks CS and storm water management model 5 in Liepaja city.Water and Environment Journal,2008,22(2):81- 87.
[15] 俞孔坚.海绵城市的三大关键策略:消纳、减速与适应.南方建筑,2015,1(3):4- 7.
[16] Farrugia S,Hudson M D,McCulloch L.An evaluation of flood control and urban cooling ecosystem services delivered by urban green infrastructure.International Journal of Biodiversity Science Ecosystem Services & Management,2013,9(2):136- 145.
[17] Andersson E,Barthel S,Borgstr?m S,Colding J,Elmqvist T,Folke C,Gren ?.Reconnecting Cities to the Biosphere:Stewardship of Green Infrastructure and Urban Ecosystem Services.Ambio,2014,43(4):445- 453.
[18] 李兰,李锋.“海绵城市”建设的关键科学问题与思考.生态学报,2018,38(7):2599- 2606.
[19] Marcucci D J,Jordan L M.Benefits and challenges of linking green infrastructure and highway planning in the United States.Environmental Management,2013,51(1):182- 197.
[20] O′Brien L,De Vreese R,Kern M,Siev?nen T,Stojanova B,Atmi? E.Cultural ecosystem benefits of urban and peri-urban green infrastructure across different European countries.Urban Forestry and Urban Greening,2017,24:236- 248.
[21] Dunphy A,Beecham S,Vigneswaran S,Ngo H H,Mclaughlan R,Collins A.Development of a confined water sensitive urban design (WSUD) system using engineered soils.Water Science and Technology:A Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research,2007,55(4):211- 218.
[22] Todorovic Z,Breton N P.A geographic information system screening tool to tackle diffuse pollution through the use of sustainable drainage systems.Water Science and Technology,2014,69(10):2066- 2073.
[23] Demuzere M,Coutts A M,G?hler M,Broadbent A M,Wouters H,van Lipzig N P M,Gebert L.The implementation of biofiltration systems,rainwater tanks and urban irrigation in a single-layer urban canopy model.Urban Climate,2014,10:148- 170.
[24] Saravanan V S,McDonald G T,Mollinga P P,Banuri T.Critical review of Integrated Water Resources Management:moving beyond polarised discourse.Natural Resources Forum,2010,33(1):76- 86.
[25] Chidammodzi C L,Muhandiki V S.Water resources management and Integrated Water Resources Management implementation in Malawi:Status and implications for lake basin management.Lakes & Reservoirs Research & Management,2017,22(2):101- 114.
[26] 郑艳,翟建青,武占云,李莹,史巍娜.基于适应性周期的韧性城市分类评价——以我国海绵城市与气候适应型城市试点为例.中国人口·资源与环境,2018,28(3):31- 38.
[27] 李慧莉,程一航,赵红花,王少峰.基于BIM技术的城市管网改造工程应用分析.给水排水,2016,42(5):122- 126.
[28] Graymore M L M,Wallis A M,Richards A J.An index of regional sustainability:a GIS-based multiple criteria analysis decision support system for progressing sustainability.Ecological Complexity,2009,6(4):453- 462.
[29] Napoli M,Cecchi S,Orlandini S,Zanchi C A.Determining potential rainwater harvesting sites using a continuous runoff potential accounting procedure and GIS techniques in central Italy.Agricultural Water Management,2014,141:55- 65.
[30] 夏军,邱冰,潘兴瑶,翁建武,傅国斌,欧阳如林.气候变化影响下水资源脆弱性评估方法及其应用.地球科学进展,2012,27(4):443- 451.
[31] 李峰平,章光新,董李勤.气候变化对水循环与水资源的影响研究综述.地理科学,2013,33(4):457- 464.
[32] 纪迪,张慧,沈渭寿,王桥,李海东,林乃峰.太湖流域下垫面改变与气候变化的响应关系.自然资源学报,2013,28(1):51- 62.
[33] 潘兴瑶,徐袈檬.城市水文过程与洪涝响应研究进展.北京水务,2018,(3):7- 13.
[34] 陈利顶.城市雨洪管控需要生态智慧的引领.生态学报,2016,36(16):4932- 4934.
[35] 张亮.西北地区海绵城市建设路径探索——以西咸新区为例.城市规划,2016,40(3):108- 112.
[36] 朱玲,由阳,程鹏飞,刘勇洪.海绵建设模式对城市热岛缓解效果研究.给水排水,2018,44(1):65- 69.
[37] 吕一河,胡健,孙飞翔,张立伟.水源涵养与水文调节:和而不同的陆地生态系统水文服务.生态学报,2015,35(15):5191- 5196.
[38] 严登华,王浩,杨舒媛,刘明国,霍竹.干旱区流域生态水文耦合模拟与调控的若干思考.地球科学进展,2008,23(7):773- 778.
[39] Seenath A,Wilson M,Miller K.Hydrodynamic versus GIS modelling for coastal flood vulnerability assessment:which is better for guiding coastal management?Ocean & Coastal Management,2016,120:99- 109.
[40] 杨大文,徐宗学,李哲,袁星,王磊,缪驰远,田富强,田立德,龙笛,汤秋鸿,刘星才,张学君.水文学研究进展与展望.地理科学进展,2018,37(1):36- 45.
[41] 任海,王俊,陆宏芳.恢复生态学的理论与研究进展.生态学报,2014,34(15):4117- 4124.
[42] Chidammodzi C L,Muhandiki V S.Water resources management and Integrated Water Resources Management implementation in Malawi:Status and implications for lake basin management.Lakes & Reservoirs Research & Management,2017,22(2):101- 114.
[43] 李俊奇,任艳芝,聂爱华,李小宁,宫永伟.海绵城市:跨界规划的思考.规划师,2016,32(5):5- 9.
[44] 徐江,邵亦文.韧性城市:应对城市危机的新思路.国际城市规划,2015,30(2):1- 3.
[45] Lienert J,Monstadt J,Truffer B.Future scenarios for a sustainable water sector:a case study from Switzerland.Environmental Science & Technology,2006,40(2):436- 442.
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