铜尾矿库区土壤重金属及微生物重金属抗性基因空间分异特征
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摘要
重金属污染的长期存在,使环境中的微生物保持并不断强化其自身重金属抗性.为了研究长期污染场地重金属污染水平和土壤中微生物重金属抗性之间的关系,本文以山西省灵丘县刁泉铜矿尾矿库区及其周边为研究对象,研究了不同立地条件下土壤重金属含量特征以及重金属抗性基因的丰度与分布,采用Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法对该区域的生态环境风险进行了评估,并对重金属及重金属抗性基因进行相关分析.结果表明:①研究区土壤重金属污染严重,7种重金属Cr、Ni、Zn、As、Cd、Cu、Pb含量均超过山西土壤背景值,单因子潜在生态危害程度顺序基本上为Cd>Pb>Cu>As>Ni>Zn>Cr.②尾矿库区存在不同程度的生态危害,尾矿坝、草地属于很强生态危害,林地、农田处于强生态危害,不同样地间的潜在生态风险顺序为草地>尾矿坝>农田>林地.③相对丰度较高的重金属抗性基因主要是针对Cu、As的抗性,针对Cu抗性以cop基因为主,针对As抗性以ars基因为主.④除copA基因与重金属之间存在显著相关性外,其他重金属抗性基因与重金属含量之间的相关性不显著.
Heavy metal tolerance in environmental microbes can be gradually reinforced under the long term exposure of heavy metals. In order to detect the association between metal-resistance of soil microbe and the level of heavy metal contamination in the long term exposure at Diaoquan Copper tailing dam area in the North of Shanxi Province, study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of heavy metal contents and related abundances and distributions of the metal-resistance genes, evaluate ecological environment risk based on Hakanson method, and analyze the correlations of the metal-resistance genes. The results show that: ①The contents of Cr, Ni, Zn, As, Cd, Cu and Pb all exceed the soil background values recorded in Shanxi province, and the ecological hazard risk of single factor index was in the following order: Cd>Pb> Cu>As>Ni>Zn>Cr; ②The ecological risk levels in the soils with different land use appeared also distinct: tailing dam and grassland were at the very strong ecological risks, and woodland and farmland were at also strong ones, of which the risk levels were as the following order: grassland > tailing dam > farmland > woodland; ③The resistant genes cop to Cu and the resistant genes ars to As were respectively detected to have the significantly higher abundances in this area; ④The significant correlations were only found between copA genes and all the detected heavy metals, however, no any significantly correlations between other metal resistant genes and metals were found in this study.
Heavy metal tolerance in environmental microbes can be gradually reinforced under the long term exposure of heavy metals. In order to detect the association between metal-resistance of soil microbe and the level of heavy metal contamination in the long term exposure at Diaoquan Copper tailing dam area in the North of Shanxi Province, study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of heavy metal contents and related abundances and distributions of the metal-resistance genes, evaluate ecological environment risk based on Hakanson method, and analyze the correlations of the metal-resistance genes. The results show that: ①The contents of Cr, Ni, Zn, As, Cd, Cu and Pb all exceed the soil background values recorded in Shanxi province, and the ecological hazard risk of single factor index was in the following order: Cd>Pb> Cu>As>Ni>Zn>Cr; ②The ecological risk levels in the soils with different land use appeared also distinct: tailing dam and grassland were at the very strong ecological risks, and woodland and farmland were at also strong ones, of which the risk levels were as the following order: grassland > tailing dam > farmland > woodland; ③The resistant genes cop to Cu and the resistant genes ars to As were respectively detected to have the significantly higher abundances in this area; ④The significant correlations were only found between copA genes and all the detected heavy metals, however, no any significantly correlations between other metal resistant genes and metals were found in this study.
引文
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阿吉古丽·马木提,麦麦提吐尔逊·艾则孜,艾尼瓦尔·买买提,等.2017.开都河下游绿洲耕地土壤重金属污染及潜在生态风险[J].环境科学学报,37(6):2331-2341
Besaury L,Bodilis J,Delgas F,et al.2013.Abundance and diversity of copper resistance genes cusA and copA in microbial communities in relation to the impact of copper on Chilean marine sediments[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,67(1/2):16-25
Bouskill N J,Barnhart E P,Galloway T S,et al.2007.Quantification of changing Pseudomonas aeruginosa sodA,htpX and mt gene abundance in response to trace metal toxicity:a potential in situ biomarker of environmental health[J].FEMS Microbiol Ecol,60(2):276-286
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Cai L,Yu K,Yang Y,et al.2013.Metagenomic exploration reveals high levels of microbial arsenic metabolism genes in activated sludge and coastal sediments[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,97(21):9579-9588
Dávila Costa J S,Kothe E,Abate C M,et al.2012.Unraveling the Amycolatopsis tucumanensis copper-resistome[J].BioMetals,25(5):905-917
Denef V J,Mueller R S,Banfield J F.2010.AMD biofilms:using model communities to study microbial evolution and ecological complexity in nature[J].The ISME Journal,4(5):599-610
Hakanson L.1980.An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control:a sediment logical approach [J].Water Reseach,14(8):975-1001.
Hall S J,Hitchcock A,Butler C S,et al.2008.A multicopper oxidase (Cj1516) and a CopA hHomologue (Cj1161) are major components of the copper hmeostasis system of Campylobacter jejuni[J].Journal of Bacteriology,190(24):8075-8085
J?rup L.2003.Hazards of heavy metal contamination[J].British Medical Bulletin,68(1):167-182
康宏宇,康日峰,张乃明,等.2016.迪庆某铜矿土壤重金属污染潜在生态风险评价[J].环境科学导刊,35(1):75-81
Lee S M,Grass G,Rensing C,et al.2002.The Pco proteins are involved in periplasmic copper handling in Escherichia coli[J].Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,295(3):616-620
龙健,黄昌勇,滕应,等.2004.几种牧草对铜尾矿重金属的抗性及其微生物效应[J].环境科学学报,24(1):159-164
Nies A,Nies D H,Silver S.1990.Nucleotide sequence and expression of a plasmid-encoded chromate resistance determinant from Alcaligenes eutrophus[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,265(10):5648-5653
Roosa S,Wattiez R,Prygiel E,et al.2014.Bacterial metal resistance genes and metal bioavailability in contaminated sediments[J].Environmental Pollution,189:143-151
史崇文,赵玲芝,郭新波,等.1996.山西省土壤元素背景值的分布规律及其影响因素[J].农业环境保护,15(1):24-28
时宇,冉珊珊,黄黄,等.2018.黄石国家矿山公园草本植物重金属富集能力研究[J].生态环境学报,27(4):769-775
West T O,Post W M.2002.Soil organic carbon sequestration rates by tillage and crop rotation:A global data analysis[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,66(6):1930-1946
王志楼,谢学辉,王慧萍,等.2010.典型铜尾矿库周边土壤重金属复合污染特征[J].生态环境学报,19(1):113-117
徐争启,倪师军,庹先国,等.2008.潜在生态危害指数法评价中重金属毒性系数计算[J].环境科学与技术,31(2):112-115
杨丽霞,陈少锋,安娟娟,等.2014.陕北黄土丘陵区不同植被类型群落多样性与土壤有机质、全氮关系研究[J].草地学报,22(2):291-298
周围,李友国,程国军,等.2008.1株抗重金属铬细菌的分离、鉴定及抗性基因型的初步研究[J].华中农业大学学报,27(2):248-250
Zhang X,Tang S,Wang M,et al.2018.Acid mine drainage affects the diversity and metal resistance gene profile of sediment bacterial community along a river[J].Chemosphere,217:790-799
Achour A R,Bauda P,Billard P.2007.Diversity of arsenite transporter genes from arsenic-resistant soil bacteria[J].Research in Microbiology,158(2):128-137
阿吉古丽·马木提,麦麦提吐尔逊·艾则孜,艾尼瓦尔·买买提,等.2017.开都河下游绿洲耕地土壤重金属污染及潜在生态风险[J].环境科学学报,37(6):2331-2341
Besaury L,Bodilis J,Delgas F,et al.2013.Abundance and diversity of copper resistance genes cusA and copA in microbial communities in relation to the impact of copper on Chilean marine sediments[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,67(1/2):16-25
Bouskill N J,Barnhart E P,Galloway T S,et al.2007.Quantification of changing Pseudomonas aeruginosa sodA,htpX and mt gene abundance in response to trace metal toxicity:a potential in situ biomarker of environmental health[J].FEMS Microbiol Ecol,60(2):276-286
Cai L,Liu G,Rensing C,et al.2009.Genes involved in arsenic transformation and resistance associated with different levels of arsenic-contaminated soils[J].BMC microbiology,9(1):4
Cai L,Yu K,Yang Y,et al.2013.Metagenomic exploration reveals high levels of microbial arsenic metabolism genes in activated sludge and coastal sediments[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,97(21):9579-9588
Dávila Costa J S,Kothe E,Abate C M,et al.2012.Unraveling the Amycolatopsis tucumanensis copper-resistome[J].BioMetals,25(5):905-917
Denef V J,Mueller R S,Banfield J F.2010.AMD biofilms:using model communities to study microbial evolution and ecological complexity in nature[J].The ISME Journal,4(5):599-610
Hakanson L.1980.An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control:a sediment logical approach [J].Water Reseach,14(8):975-1001.
Hall S J,Hitchcock A,Butler C S,et al.2008.A multicopper oxidase (Cj1516) and a CopA hHomologue (Cj1161) are major components of the copper hmeostasis system of Campylobacter jejuni[J].Journal of Bacteriology,190(24):8075-8085
J?rup L.2003.Hazards of heavy metal contamination[J].British Medical Bulletin,68(1):167-182
康宏宇,康日峰,张乃明,等.2016.迪庆某铜矿土壤重金属污染潜在生态风险评价[J].环境科学导刊,35(1):75-81
Lee S M,Grass G,Rensing C,et al.2002.The Pco proteins are involved in periplasmic copper handling in Escherichia coli[J].Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,295(3):616-620
龙健,黄昌勇,滕应,等.2004.几种牧草对铜尾矿重金属的抗性及其微生物效应[J].环境科学学报,24(1):159-164
Nies A,Nies D H,Silver S.1990.Nucleotide sequence and expression of a plasmid-encoded chromate resistance determinant from Alcaligenes eutrophus[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,265(10):5648-5653
Roosa S,Wattiez R,Prygiel E,et al.2014.Bacterial metal resistance genes and metal bioavailability in contaminated sediments[J].Environmental Pollution,189:143-151
史崇文,赵玲芝,郭新波,等.1996.山西省土壤元素背景值的分布规律及其影响因素[J].农业环境保护,15(1):24-28
时宇,冉珊珊,黄黄,等.2018.黄石国家矿山公园草本植物重金属富集能力研究[J].生态环境学报,27(4):769-775
West T O,Post W M.2002.Soil organic carbon sequestration rates by tillage and crop rotation:A global data analysis[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,66(6):1930-1946
王志楼,谢学辉,王慧萍,等.2010.典型铜尾矿库周边土壤重金属复合污染特征[J].生态环境学报,19(1):113-117
徐争启,倪师军,庹先国,等.2008.潜在生态危害指数法评价中重金属毒性系数计算[J].环境科学与技术,31(2):112-115
杨丽霞,陈少锋,安娟娟,等.2014.陕北黄土丘陵区不同植被类型群落多样性与土壤有机质、全氮关系研究[J].草地学报,22(2):291-298
周围,李友国,程国军,等.2008.1株抗重金属铬细菌的分离、鉴定及抗性基因型的初步研究[J].华中农业大学学报,27(2):248-250
Zhang X,Tang S,Wang M,et al.2018.Acid mine drainage affects the diversity and metal resistance gene profile of sediment bacterial community along a river[J].Chemosphere,217:790-799
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