基于现场实测的湿电除尘器颗粒物特性变化研究
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摘要
采用自主设计的固定源细颗粒物稀释采集系统以及根据GB/T 16157—1996方法对陕西关中地区某燃煤电厂湿电除尘器(WESP)进出口的颗粒物开展了现场实测与特性分析。结果表明:WESP对PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)和颗粒物的脱除效率分别为67.85%、43.57%、40.88%;WESP前后质量浓度峰值均出现在积聚模态,但由双峰(1.764、0.649μm)变成单峰(1.764μm),峰值移至大粒径段,数浓度峰值出现在爱根核模态和积聚模态,但由多峰(0.017、0.129、0.384、1.764μm)变成双峰(0.017、0.073μm),峰值移至小粒径段;经WESP,PM_(2.5)积聚模态大多粒径段颗粒物的质量浓度与数浓度均在下降(如在质量浓度和数浓度下降粒径段中,0.129μm处下降率均最少(均为59.03%)),爱根核模态大多粒径段颗粒物的质量浓度与数浓度均在上升(如在质量浓度和数浓度上升粒径段中,0.017μm处上升率均最少(均为55.36%)),但无论是WESP前或后,PM_(2.5)的主要质量浓度均集中在大粒径段、主要数浓度均集中在小粒径段;WESP对PM_(2.5)中大粒径段颗粒物的去除效果要优于小粒径段颗粒物。
Field experiments and characteristic analysis of particles in flue gas from inlet and outlet of a coal-fired power plant using WESP in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi province was carried out according to GB/T 16157-1996 and the dilution and collection system of PM_(2.5) in stationary sources designed by our team.The removal rates of PM_(2.5),PM_(10) and particles by WESP were 67.85%,43.57% and 40.88%,respectively.The peak of mass concentration before and after WESP appeared in the accumulation mode,but changed from two peak(1.764μm、0.649μm) to one peak(1.764μm),and the peak moved to large particle.The peak of number concentration appeared in Aitken mode and accumulation mode,but changed from multi peak(0.017μm、0.129μm、0.384μm、1.764μm) to two peak(0.017μm、0.073μm),and the peak moved to small particle.The mass concentration and number concentration of most particle size fractions in accumulation mode were decreasing(For example,the rate of descent at 0.129μm were the lowest(59.03%) in the decreasing particle size fractions of mass concentration and number concentration).The mass concentration and number concentration of most particle size fractions in Aitken mode are on the rise(For example,the rate of increase at 0.017μm were the lowest(55.36%) in the ascending particle size fractions of mass concentration and number concentration).However,the major mass concentration of PM_(2.5) was concentrated in the large particle size,and the main number concentration was concentrated in the small particle size,either before or after the WESP for PM_(2.5).The removal efficiency of WESP on large particles for PM_(2.5) was better than that of small particles.
Field experiments and characteristic analysis of particles in flue gas from inlet and outlet of a coal-fired power plant using WESP in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi province was carried out according to GB/T 16157-1996 and the dilution and collection system of PM_(2.5) in stationary sources designed by our team.The removal rates of PM_(2.5),PM_(10) and particles by WESP were 67.85%,43.57% and 40.88%,respectively.The peak of mass concentration before and after WESP appeared in the accumulation mode,but changed from two peak(1.764μm、0.649μm) to one peak(1.764μm),and the peak moved to large particle.The peak of number concentration appeared in Aitken mode and accumulation mode,but changed from multi peak(0.017μm、0.129μm、0.384μm、1.764μm) to two peak(0.017μm、0.073μm),and the peak moved to small particle.The mass concentration and number concentration of most particle size fractions in accumulation mode were decreasing(For example,the rate of descent at 0.129μm were the lowest(59.03%) in the decreasing particle size fractions of mass concentration and number concentration).The mass concentration and number concentration of most particle size fractions in Aitken mode are on the rise(For example,the rate of increase at 0.017μm were the lowest(55.36%) in the ascending particle size fractions of mass concentration and number concentration).However,the major mass concentration of PM_(2.5) was concentrated in the large particle size,and the main number concentration was concentrated in the small particle size,either before or after the WESP for PM_(2.5).The removal efficiency of WESP on large particles for PM_(2.5) was better than that of small particles.
引文
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[11]廖大兵.湿式电除尘器的发展及其在火电厂的应用[D].广州:华南理工大学,2014.
[12]帅伟,李立,崔志敏,等.基于实测的超低排放燃煤电厂主要大气污染物排放特征与减排效益分析[J].中国电力,2015,48(11):131-137.
[13]莫华,朱法华,王圣,等.湿式电除尘器在燃煤电厂的应用及其对PM2.5的减排作用[J].中国电力,2013,46(11):62-65.
[14]丁承刚,时超林,郭士义,等.湿式静电除尘器对可吸入颗粒物不同粒径段脱除效率分析[J].发电设备,2015,29(6):454-457.
[15]张华东,周宇翔,龙辉.湿式电除尘器在燃煤电厂的应用条件分析[J].中国电力,2015,48(8):13-16.
[16]聂孝峰,张超,刘源.湿式电除尘(雾)器在燃煤电厂300MW机组上的应用[C].武汉:第16届中国电除尘学术会议论文集,2015.
[17]沈浩.湿式电除尘器用于控制燃煤烟气污染物的测评[J].电力与能源,2014,35(1):54-58.
[18]马子轸,李振,蒋靖坤,等.燃煤电厂产生和排放的PM2.5中水溶性离子特征[J].环境科学,2015,36(7):2361-2366.
[19]殷春肖.燃煤电厂 PM2.5排放特性及污染控制研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2014.
[20]张殿印,王纯.除尘器手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
[2]张丹,周志恩,张灿,等.重庆市主城区PM2.5污染源源成份谱的建立[J].三峡环境与生态,2011,33(5):14-18.
[3]于敦喜,徐明厚,易帆,等.燃煤过程中颗粒物的形成机理研究进展[J].煤炭转化,2004,27(4):7-12.
[4]张丹,赵丽,陈刚才,等.不同燃烧过程颗粒物粒径排放特征[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(11):3239-3246.
[5]MCNALLEN M J,YUREK G J,ELLIOT J F.The formation of inorganic particulates by homogeneous nucleationin gases produced by the combustion of coal[J].Combustion and Flame,1981,42(2):45-60.
[6]HILDEMANN L M,MARKOWSKI G R,CASS G R.Chemicalcomposition of emissions from urban sources of fine organic aerosol[J].Environmental Science and Technology,1991,25:744-759.
[7]黄德生,张世秋.京津冀地区控制PM2.5污染的健康效益评估[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(1):166-174.
[8]邵龙义,杨书申,时宗波,等.城市大气可吸入颗粒物物理化学特征及生物活性研究[M].北京:气象出版社,2008.
[9]NEMMAR A,HOET P H M,VANQUICKENBORNE B,et al.Passage of inhaled particles into the blood circulation in humans[J].Circulation,2002,105(4):411-414.
[10]PENTTINEN P,TIMONEN K L,TIITTANEN P,et al.Number concentration and size of particles in urban air:Effects on spirometic lung function in adult asthmatic subjects[J].Environmental Health Perspectives,2001,109(4):319-323.
[11]廖大兵.湿式电除尘器的发展及其在火电厂的应用[D].广州:华南理工大学,2014.
[12]帅伟,李立,崔志敏,等.基于实测的超低排放燃煤电厂主要大气污染物排放特征与减排效益分析[J].中国电力,2015,48(11):131-137.
[13]莫华,朱法华,王圣,等.湿式电除尘器在燃煤电厂的应用及其对PM2.5的减排作用[J].中国电力,2013,46(11):62-65.
[14]丁承刚,时超林,郭士义,等.湿式静电除尘器对可吸入颗粒物不同粒径段脱除效率分析[J].发电设备,2015,29(6):454-457.
[15]张华东,周宇翔,龙辉.湿式电除尘器在燃煤电厂的应用条件分析[J].中国电力,2015,48(8):13-16.
[16]聂孝峰,张超,刘源.湿式电除尘(雾)器在燃煤电厂300MW机组上的应用[C].武汉:第16届中国电除尘学术会议论文集,2015.
[17]沈浩.湿式电除尘器用于控制燃煤烟气污染物的测评[J].电力与能源,2014,35(1):54-58.
[18]马子轸,李振,蒋靖坤,等.燃煤电厂产生和排放的PM2.5中水溶性离子特征[J].环境科学,2015,36(7):2361-2366.
[19]殷春肖.燃煤电厂 PM2.5排放特性及污染控制研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2014.
[20]张殿印,王纯.除尘器手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
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