基于EFDC模型的重庆库区水环境容量研究
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摘要
基于水环境数学模型EFDC(environment fluid dynamics code),建立了重庆库区长江干流的水动力水质模型,通过2017年监测水文、水质资料对模型进行了率定和验证,模拟结果与监测资料吻合度较好,表明水动力水质模型计算结果较为合理可靠。根据该模型量化各个排污口对水质控制断面的响应系数,以地表水Ⅱ类水标准为规划目标,用线性规划法求解水环境容量。计算结果表明,重庆库区化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮(NH3-N)、总磷(TP)的水环境容量分别为77 664 t/a,11 038 t/a和922 t/a。重庆库区干流水动力水质模型的建立与水环境容量的计算,为三峡库区的水环境保护工作提供了一个重要的管理和分析平台,对于三峡库区的污染物总量控制具有重要的意义。
Based on the water environment mathematical model EFDC(environmental fluid dynamics code), the hydrodynamic and water quality model of the Yangtze River in Chongqing section was established. The model was calibrated and verified by using the hydrology and water quality data monitored in 2017. The simulation results are in good agreement with the measured data, indicating that the model calculations are reasonable and reliable. According to the model, the response coefficient was quantified for each sewage outlet to the water quality control section, and the linear environment method was used to determine the capacity of water environment by taking Class II of the national standards for surface water quality as the planning target. The calculation results show that the water environmental capacity for chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in Chongqing section are77 664 t/a, 11 038 t/a and 922 t/a, respectively. The establishment of the hydrodynamic water quality model for the Yangtze River in Chongqing section and the simulated capacity of water environment provide an important platform for management and analysis of water environmental protection, and is of great significance for the total mass control of pollutants in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.
Based on the water environment mathematical model EFDC(environmental fluid dynamics code), the hydrodynamic and water quality model of the Yangtze River in Chongqing section was established. The model was calibrated and verified by using the hydrology and water quality data monitored in 2017. The simulation results are in good agreement with the measured data, indicating that the model calculations are reasonable and reliable. According to the model, the response coefficient was quantified for each sewage outlet to the water quality control section, and the linear environment method was used to determine the capacity of water environment by taking Class II of the national standards for surface water quality as the planning target. The calculation results show that the water environmental capacity for chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in Chongqing section are77 664 t/a, 11 038 t/a and 922 t/a, respectively. The establishment of the hydrodynamic water quality model for the Yangtze River in Chongqing section and the simulated capacity of water environment provide an important platform for management and analysis of water environmental protection, and is of great significance for the total mass control of pollutants in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.
引文
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[16]李一平,邱利,唐春燕,等.湖泊水动力模型外部输入条件不确定性和敏感性分析[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(2):410-416.
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[22]董飞,刘晓波,彭文启,等.地表水水环境容量计算方法回顾与展望[J].水科学进展,2014,25(3):451-463.
[23] ZHAO F,LI C,CHEN L,et al. An integrated method for accounting for water environmental capacity of the river–reservoir combination system[J].Water,2018,10(4):483.
[24] HAN H,LI K, WANG X, et al. Environmental capacity of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutions in Jiaozhou Bay,China:Modeling and assessing[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2011,63(5-12):262-266.
[25] RANJBAR M H, HADJIZADEH Z N. Estimation of environmental capacity of phosphorus in Gorgan Bay,Iran,via a 3D ecological-hydrodynamic model[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2016,188(11):649.
[26]董一博.浑太河水环境容量计算研究[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2015.
[27]何羽.三峡库区主要污染物总量控制方案及安全边际研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2012.
[28]张卫东,邓春光,王孟.三峡库区流域水环境容量与总量控制技术研究[M].北京:中国环境出版社,2013.
[29]卫志宏,唐雄飞,杨振祥,等.洱海主要污染物允许排放总量的控制分配[J].湖泊科学,2013,25(5):665-673.
[2] FU B, WU B, LU Y, et al.Three Gorges project:Efforts and challenges for the environment[J].Progress in Physical Geography,2010,34(6):741-754.
[3]单保庆,王超,李叙勇,等.基于水质目标管理的河流治理方案制定方法及其案例研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(8):2314-2323.
[4]刘昭伟,陈永灿,付健,等.三峡水库万州段岸边环境容量的计算与分析[J].水力发电学报,2006,25(4):51-56.
[5]陈培帅.重庆主城区两江水环境容量研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2013.
[6]丁世敏,熊竹,封享华,等.三峡库区城镇水环境容量及总量控制研究——以重庆市涪陵区为例[J].三峡生态环境监测,2016,1(1):60-64.
[7]王晓青,郭劲松.三峡水库蓄水后小江水环境容量的变化[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(1):36-42.
[8]王晓青.三峡库区澎溪河(小江)富营养化及水动力水质耦合模型研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2012.
[9]张梦婕,官冬杰,苏维词.基于系统动力学的重庆三峡库区生态安全情景模拟及指标阈值确定[J].生态学报,2015,35(14):4880-4890.
[10]费红.三峡库区(重庆段)农村面源污染空间分异研究[D].重庆:重庆师范大学,2013.
[11]卓海华,吴云丽,刘旻璇,等.三峡水库水质变化趋势研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(6):925-936.
[12]张文时.基于EFDC模型的山地河流水动力水质模拟[D].重庆:重庆大学,2014.
[13]张以飞,王玉琳,汪靓.EFDC模型概述与应用分析[J].环境影响评价,2015,37(3):70-72,92.
[14]江辽,尹小玲,朱磊.潮汐河口概化感潮河段的数值模拟试验[J].水电能源科学,2015,33(8):9-12.
[15]王聪.基于GIS和RS的三峡库区土地利用变化对支流水质(水系)影响研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2017.
[16]李一平,邱利,唐春燕,等.湖泊水动力模型外部输入条件不确定性和敏感性分析[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(2):410-416.
[17]黄庆超.三峡库区典型支流的水文水质特征研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2016.
[18]孟伟.流域水污染物总量控制技术与示范[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2008.
[19] WU G, XU Z. Prediction of algal blooming using EFDC model:Case study in the Daoxiang Lake[J]. Ecological Modelling,2011,222(6):1245-1252.
[20]刘夏明,李俊清,豆小敏,等.EFDC模型在河口水环境模拟中的应用及进展[J].环境科学与技术,2011,34(S1):136-140,360.
[21]卫志宏,杨振祥,吕兴菊,等.洱海动态水环境容量模拟研究[J].生态科学,2013,32(3):282-289.
[22]董飞,刘晓波,彭文启,等.地表水水环境容量计算方法回顾与展望[J].水科学进展,2014,25(3):451-463.
[23] ZHAO F,LI C,CHEN L,et al. An integrated method for accounting for water environmental capacity of the river–reservoir combination system[J].Water,2018,10(4):483.
[24] HAN H,LI K, WANG X, et al. Environmental capacity of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutions in Jiaozhou Bay,China:Modeling and assessing[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2011,63(5-12):262-266.
[25] RANJBAR M H, HADJIZADEH Z N. Estimation of environmental capacity of phosphorus in Gorgan Bay,Iran,via a 3D ecological-hydrodynamic model[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2016,188(11):649.
[26]董一博.浑太河水环境容量计算研究[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2015.
[27]何羽.三峡库区主要污染物总量控制方案及安全边际研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2012.
[28]张卫东,邓春光,王孟.三峡库区流域水环境容量与总量控制技术研究[M].北京:中国环境出版社,2013.
[29]卫志宏,唐雄飞,杨振祥,等.洱海主要污染物允许排放总量的控制分配[J].湖泊科学,2013,25(5):665-673.
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