几种茎叶除草剂桶混配方的控草效果及对玉米生长发育的影响
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摘要
在陇东旱塬条件下,测定了几种茎叶处理除草剂桶混配方在玉米田的应用效果。结果表明,4%烟嘧磺隆SC+30%辛酰溴苯腈EC、4%烟嘧磺隆SC+75%二氯吡啶酸SG+90%莠去津WG和4%烟嘧磺隆SC+48%苯达松AS控草效果较好,对禾本科杂草的株防效分别达到94.84%,90.76%和84.28%,鲜质量防效分别达到99.65%,99.84%和98.39%,对阔叶杂草的株防效分别达到95.52%,100%和83.26%,鲜质量防效分别达到99.99%,100%和99.97%;对玉米安全性好,其产量较人工除草略有增减,分别增产0.05%、增产2.81%和减产3.90%,适宜在陇东地区玉米田大面积推广应用。4%烟嘧磺隆SC+100 g·L~(-1)硝磺草酮SC控草效果好,但对玉米有隐性影响,减产幅度较大,较人工除草减产16.12%,在生产上要谨慎选用。其他配方和单剂不能有效控制禾本科杂草,且对玉米安全性较差,应避免使用。
Under the conditions of dryland in eastern Gansu, the control effect of several mixed herbicides in corn field were determined. The results showed that the plant control effect of weeds of 4% nicosulfuron SC+30% bromoxyniloctanoate EC, 4%nicosulfuron SC+75% clopyralid SG+90% atrazine WG, 4% nicosulfuron SC+48% bentazone AS were 94.84%, 90.76% and 84.28%, respectively.The fresh quality control effect were 99.65%, 99.84% and 98.39%, respectively. The mixed herbicides effectively controlled broadleaf weeds with 83.26% ～100% plant density reduction and 99.97% ～100% fresh quality inhibition. It was high safety for corn, the yield increased slightly or decreased by 0.05%, 2.81% and 3.90%, respectively. The mixed herbicides were suitable to be popularized in the large area of the corn field in eastern Gansu. The control effect of 4%nicosulfuron SC+100 g·L~(-1) mesotrione SC was good, but it has a recessive effect on corn, the reduction of yield was larger than that of artificial weeding by 16.12%, and the production should be carefully selected. The control effect of grass weeds of other herbicides were not good and the safety of corn was poor, so it should be avoided in production.
Under the conditions of dryland in eastern Gansu, the control effect of several mixed herbicides in corn field were determined. The results showed that the plant control effect of weeds of 4% nicosulfuron SC+30% bromoxyniloctanoate EC, 4%nicosulfuron SC+75% clopyralid SG+90% atrazine WG, 4% nicosulfuron SC+48% bentazone AS were 94.84%, 90.76% and 84.28%, respectively.The fresh quality control effect were 99.65%, 99.84% and 98.39%, respectively. The mixed herbicides effectively controlled broadleaf weeds with 83.26% ～100% plant density reduction and 99.97% ～100% fresh quality inhibition. It was high safety for corn, the yield increased slightly or decreased by 0.05%, 2.81% and 3.90%, respectively. The mixed herbicides were suitable to be popularized in the large area of the corn field in eastern Gansu. The control effect of 4%nicosulfuron SC+100 g·L~(-1) mesotrione SC was good, but it has a recessive effect on corn, the reduction of yield was larger than that of artificial weeding by 16.12%, and the production should be carefully selected. The control effect of grass weeds of other herbicides were not good and the safety of corn was poor, so it should be avoided in production.
引文
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[6]岳德成,李青梅,韩菊红,等.覆膜时期对3种地膜在全膜双垄沟播玉米田应用效果的影响[J].灌溉排水学报, 2018, 37(2):30-37.
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[9]刘仲辉.玉米田化学除草现状及发展趋势[J].现代农业科技, 2010(16):194-195.
[10]李金元,徐世林,张玉红.玉米田化学除草面临的问题及解决的对策[J].湖南农业科学, 2007(4):146-147.
[11]张选良,惠军涛.玉米田除草剂应用现状及药害防控对策[J].陕西农业科学, 2012(5):129-131.
[12]闫素珍,米志恒,刘卓恩,等.临河区玉米田化学除草存在的主要问题及解决对策[J].北方农业学报,2016,44(3):120-123.
[13]祁丽婷,李中青,李齐霞,等.4种除草剂对玉米田杂草防除和玉米生长、产量的影响[J].山西农业科学,2016,44(10):1519-1521.
[2]强胜.杂草学[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 2009.
[3]苏少泉.除草剂概论[M].北京:科学出版社, 1989.
[4]李孙荣.杂草及其防治[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1990
[5]岳德成,姜延军,史广亮,等.甘肃省平凉市全膜双垄沟播玉米田杂草种类及主要群落类型[J].植物保护,2015,41(3):159-164.
[6]岳德成,李青梅,韩菊红,等.覆膜时期对3种地膜在全膜双垄沟播玉米田应用效果的影响[J].灌溉排水学报, 2018, 37(2):30-37.
[7]牛树君,刘敏艳,李玉奇,等.几种除草剂对胡麻田裸燕麦(莜麦)、皮燕麦的防除效果[J].植物保护, 2015, 41(2):220-225.
[8]李青梅,岳德成,姜延军,等.几种除草剂在陇东旱塬区玉米田的应用效果[J].浙江农业科学, 2017(9):1589-1591.
[9]刘仲辉.玉米田化学除草现状及发展趋势[J].现代农业科技, 2010(16):194-195.
[10]李金元,徐世林,张玉红.玉米田化学除草面临的问题及解决的对策[J].湖南农业科学, 2007(4):146-147.
[11]张选良,惠军涛.玉米田除草剂应用现状及药害防控对策[J].陕西农业科学, 2012(5):129-131.
[12]闫素珍,米志恒,刘卓恩,等.临河区玉米田化学除草存在的主要问题及解决对策[J].北方农业学报,2016,44(3):120-123.
[13]祁丽婷,李中青,李齐霞,等.4种除草剂对玉米田杂草防除和玉米生长、产量的影响[J].山西农业科学,2016,44(10):1519-1521.
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