喷施蔗糖和里那醇对苜蓿花部特征、结荚率和种子产量的影响
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摘要
试验以新牧4号紫花苜蓿为材料,在初花期叶面喷施不同浓度的蔗糖和里那醇溶液,探究其对苜蓿花部特征、结荚率和种子产量等的影响,以期为指导苜蓿种子生产提供基础数据。试验结果表明,喷施蔗糖和里那醇均对苜蓿开花结实具有显著影响。其中,喷施10%的蔗糖溶液处理下紫花苜蓿旗瓣宽和花柱高均显著大于其他处理,此处理下结荚率、单荚种子数和种子产量分别比对照提高了37. 64%、25. 92%、54. 09%。喷施里那醇浓度为0. 02kg/hm~2的处理,其旗瓣宽、翼瓣长宽、龙骨瓣宽和花柱高均高于其他处理;与对照相比,其单荚种子数和种子产量分别提高58%、75. 5%。综合分析认为,在新疆昌吉地区,苜蓿初花期喷施10%的蔗糖和0. 02kg/hm~2的里那醇溶液,能够提高苜蓿种子产量。
To explore the effect of spraying sucrose and Linalool solution on the floral characteristics,pod rate and seed yield of alfalfa,the different concentrations of sucrose and Linalool solution were sprayed on leaf surface of alfalfa( Medicago sativa. cv. Xinmu No. 4) at the initial flowering stage in this experiment. The results may provide basic data for guiding alfalfa seed production. The results showed that spraying both sucrose and Linalool solution had significant effect on the flowering and setting of alfalfa. The flag width and style height of alfalfa accepted 10% sucrose solution were significantly higher than those of other treatments. Compared with CK,the podding rate,seeds number per pod and seed yield increased by 37. 64%,25. 92% and 54. 09%,respectively.Spraying of Linalool at a concentration of 0. 02 kg/hm~2 resulted in higher flag width,longer flap width,keel width and style height than other treatments. Compared with CK,the seed number and seeds production increased by58% and 75. 5%,respectively. The conclusion was that spraying 10% sucrose and 0. 02 kg/hm~2 Linalool solution in early flowering season in Changji region of Xinjiang increased the seed yield of alfalfa.
To explore the effect of spraying sucrose and Linalool solution on the floral characteristics,pod rate and seed yield of alfalfa,the different concentrations of sucrose and Linalool solution were sprayed on leaf surface of alfalfa( Medicago sativa. cv. Xinmu No. 4) at the initial flowering stage in this experiment. The results may provide basic data for guiding alfalfa seed production. The results showed that spraying both sucrose and Linalool solution had significant effect on the flowering and setting of alfalfa. The flag width and style height of alfalfa accepted 10% sucrose solution were significantly higher than those of other treatments. Compared with CK,the podding rate,seeds number per pod and seed yield increased by 37. 64%,25. 92% and 54. 09%,respectively.Spraying of Linalool at a concentration of 0. 02 kg/hm~2 resulted in higher flag width,longer flap width,keel width and style height than other treatments. Compared with CK,the seed number and seeds production increased by58% and 75. 5%,respectively. The conclusion was that spraying 10% sucrose and 0. 02 kg/hm~2 Linalool solution in early flowering season in Changji region of Xinjiang increased the seed yield of alfalfa.
引文
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[18]赵其龙.硼酸和蔗糖对'柔毛齿叶'睡莲花粉萌发的影响[J].亚热带植物科学,2012,41(4):45-47.
[19]徐芬芬.蔗糖和PEG对豌豆花粉萌发的影响[J].种子,2013,32(10):101-103.
[20]吴尚,苏曼琳,马履一,等.喷施蔗糖及硼酸对文冠果开花结实的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(8):20-26.
[21]王薇,李继泉,崔建州,等.桑天牛卵啮小蜂雌蜂对茉莉酸诱导的桑枝挥发物的触角电位和嗅觉反应[J].昆虫学报,2017,60(9):1013-1020.
[22]张好好,刘振国,龚佑辉,等.信息素介导的西方蜜蜂与狄斯瓦螨互作研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(6):2055-2062.
[2]Herbert E W,Svoboda J A,Thompson M J,et al. Sterol utilization in honey bees fed a synthetic on brood rearing[J]. Journal of Insect Physiology,1980,26:287-289.
[3]Feldlaufer M F,Svoboda J A. Phytosterol utilization in the honey bee:selective sterol transfer and ecdysteroid biosynthesis[A]. Endocrinological Frontiers in Physiological Insect Ecology[M]. Poland,Wroclaw:Wroclaw Technical University Press,1988:99-104.
[4]王显国.密度调控、施肥、刈割等措施对紫花苜蓿种子产量和质量的影响[D].北京:中国农业大学,2005:3-12.
[5]陈述明,李卫军,李雪锋.密度对苜蓿生长发育及种子产量的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2005,42(3):189-191.
[6]张前兵,于磊,马春晖,等.灌溉定额及分配对建植当年苜蓿生产性能的影响[J].草业科学,2016,34(3):592-597.
[7]杨浩宏,席琳乔,王栋,等.滴灌条件下氮、磷、钾肥效应对紫花苜蓿草产量的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2016,53(6):1099-1106.
[8]冯玲霞.不同施肥配比对紫花苜蓿性状及产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2017(6):85-90.
[9]王玉祥,李陈建,陈述明,等.施氮肥时间对苜蓿结荚率及种子产量的影响[J].草业科学,2015,32(2):231-235.
[10]李丽,李宁,盛建东,等.施氮量和种植密度对紫花苜蓿生长及种子产量的影响[J].草地学报,2012,20(1):54-58.
[11]Zhang A Q,He S,Zhai Y X,et al. Does persistence of showy calyces in Limonium leptolobum enhance pollinator attraction[J]. Journal of Plant Ecology,2015,8(2):182-186.
[12]王宏洋,王玉祥,李陈建,等.新疆呼图壁2012年苜蓿访花昆虫行为研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(7):166-169.
[13]Svoboda J A,Feldlaufer M F. Neutral sterol metabolism in insect s[J]. Lipids,1991,26(8):614-618.
[14]Simp son B B,Neff J L. Evolution and diversity of floral rewards[A]. Handbook of Experimental Pollination Biology[M]. New York:Scientific and Academic Editions,1983:142-159.
[15]Harborne J B. Introduction to Ecological Biochemistry[M]. London:Academic Press,1982:1-278.
[16]张晶,王玉祥,张博.新疆黄花苜蓿花部形态变异研究[J].中国草地学报,2012,34(5):47-52.
[17]王玉祥.激素与水肥对紫花苜蓿生殖生长及种子产量的影响[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2015:5-35.
[18]赵其龙.硼酸和蔗糖对'柔毛齿叶'睡莲花粉萌发的影响[J].亚热带植物科学,2012,41(4):45-47.
[19]徐芬芬.蔗糖和PEG对豌豆花粉萌发的影响[J].种子,2013,32(10):101-103.
[20]吴尚,苏曼琳,马履一,等.喷施蔗糖及硼酸对文冠果开花结实的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(8):20-26.
[21]王薇,李继泉,崔建州,等.桑天牛卵啮小蜂雌蜂对茉莉酸诱导的桑枝挥发物的触角电位和嗅觉反应[J].昆虫学报,2017,60(9):1013-1020.
[22]张好好,刘振国,龚佑辉,等.信息素介导的西方蜜蜂与狄斯瓦螨互作研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(6):2055-2062.
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