区域大气环境污染光学探测技术进展
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摘要
环境污染物的形成、转化、输送和演变过程具有极强的时空相关性,研究和发展能适用于多组分环境污染物的快速、实时、动态监测技术是科学研究工作者面临的重大课题.基于光谱学原理的环境监测技术,由于其具有非接触、无采样、高灵敏度、大范围快速监测等特点,是国际上环境监测技术的主要发展方向之一,并被广泛应用于环境、气象和科学研究等领域.针对京津冀地区大气重污染发生—演变—消散全过程的核心科学问题,通过建立大气污染传输通道立体观测网,开展重污染时段和重污染过程的车载走航、机载观测地基遥感和卫星遥感观测,综合运用大气环境监测网以及超级站等观测平台,获取大气污染物的光学特性、环境气象信息等演变规律,从而推动京津冀及周边地区空气质量的持续改善.光谱学技术在环境监测领域的成功应用,为区域大气和全球环境状况奠定了技术基础.
The formation,conversion,transmission,and evolution of environmental pollutants involve strong temporal-spatial correlation.Rapid,real-time,and dynamic monitoring technologies capable of evaluating multiple components are key to monitoring the atmospheric pollutants. Based on the principle of spectroscopy,environmental optical monitoring technology has become one of the main directions because of its characteristics of non-contact,non-sampling,high sensitivity and large scale rapid monitoring. These technologies have been widely used in the fields of environment,meteorology and scientific research. To understand the pollution process in the Beijing-TianjinHebei Region in China,an atmospheric environmental monitoring network together with superstation observation platforms have been set up. The integrated use of multi-platform remote sensing technology has both scientific and practical research value. On the one hand,it can obtain the temporal-spatial microphysical characteristic of particles and provide methods and technology to control atmospheric complex pollution. On the other hand,the evaluation of inter-urbanregional air pollution transport offers valuable information and references for air pollution control.
The formation,conversion,transmission,and evolution of environmental pollutants involve strong temporal-spatial correlation.Rapid,real-time,and dynamic monitoring technologies capable of evaluating multiple components are key to monitoring the atmospheric pollutants. Based on the principle of spectroscopy,environmental optical monitoring technology has become one of the main directions because of its characteristics of non-contact,non-sampling,high sensitivity and large scale rapid monitoring. These technologies have been widely used in the fields of environment,meteorology and scientific research. To understand the pollution process in the Beijing-TianjinHebei Region in China,an atmospheric environmental monitoring network together with superstation observation platforms have been set up. The integrated use of multi-platform remote sensing technology has both scientific and practical research value. On the one hand,it can obtain the temporal-spatial microphysical characteristic of particles and provide methods and technology to control atmospheric complex pollution. On the other hand,the evaluation of inter-urbanregional air pollution transport offers valuable information and references for air pollution control.
引文
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[4] LIU C,BEIRLE S,BUTLER T,et al.Profile information on CO from SCIAMACHY observations using cloud slicing and comparison with model simulations[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2014,14:1717-2014.
[5] LI X,BRAUERS T,SHAO M,et al.MAX-DOAS measurements in southern China:retrieval of aerosol extinctions and validation using ground-based in-situ data[J].Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2010,10:2079-2089.
[6] CHEN Z Y,SCHOFIELD R,RAYNER P,et al.Characterization of aerosols over the Great Barrier Reef:the influence of transported continental sources[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2019,690:426-437.
[7] LI J M,JIAN B,HUNAN J P.Long-term variation of cloud droplet number concentrations from space-based Lidar[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2018,213:144-161.
[8] DAE W H,GWI S H,JIN S H,et al.Application of the open path FTIR with COL1SB to measurements of ozone and VOCs in the urban area[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2004,38(33):5567-5576.
[9] SUN Y W,LIU C,PALM M,et al. Ozone seasonal evolution and photochemical production regime in the polluted troposphere in eastern China derived from high-resolution Fourier transform spectrometry(FTS)observations[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2018,18:14569-14583.
[10]袁松，阚瑞峰，何亚柏，等．可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱中激光器温度补偿[J]．中国激光，2013,40(5):515002.
[11] ZHAO M J,SI F Q,ZHOU H J,et al. Preflight calibration of the Chinese environmental trace gases monitoring instrument(EMI)[J].Atmospheric Measurement Techniques,2018,11:5403-5419.
[12] GROS, TESCHE M, FREUDENTHALER V, et al.Characterization of Saharan dust,marine aerosols and mixtures of biomass burning aerosols and dust by means of multi-wavelength depolarization and Raman lidar measurements during SAMUM 2[J].Journal Tellus B:Chemical and Physical Meteorology,2011,63(4):706-724.
[13] WANG Y,LI A,XIE P H,et al.Long-term impacts of aerosols on precipitation and lightning over the Pearl River Delta megacity area in China[J].Atmospheric Chemistry Physic,2011,11(23):12421-12436.
[14] CHEN Z Y,LIU W Q,HEESE B,et al.Aerosol optical properties observed by combined Raman-elastic backscatter lidar in winter2009 in Pearl River Delta,South China[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2014,119(2):2335-2352.
[15] WU F C,XIE P H,LI A,et al. Observations of SO2and NO2by mobile DOAS in the Guangzhou eastern area during the Asian Games 2010[J]. Atmospheric Measurement Technology,2013,6:2277-2292.
[16] ZHANG Chengxin,LIU Cheng,WANG Yang,et al. Preflight evaluation of the performance of the Chinese environmental trace gas monitoring instrument(EMI)by spectral analyses of nitrogen dioxide[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2018.doi:10.1109TGRS.2018.2798038.
[17] WU F C,XIE P H,LI A,et al.Investigations of temporal and spatial distribution of precursors SO2and NO2vertical columns in the North China Plain using mobile DOAS[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2018,18:1535-1554.
[18] CHONG J,KIM Y J,GU M,et al.Mobile MAX-DOAS observation of NO2and comparison with OMI satellite data in the western coastal areas of the Korean peninsula[J].Chemosphere,2016,143:10-16.
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