生物炭对不同土壤改良及生态效应影响的研究进展
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摘要
本研究主要从生物炭特性以及其对不同土壤改良、作物生长发育、生态环境修复、温室气体减排等方面的功能进行综述,以期对生物炭在农业生产和生态环境保护等方面提供参考。为了研究生物炭对不同土壤改良及生态效应的影响,综述了国内外2017年以前的研究。发现生物炭作为土壤改良剂、肥料缓释载体以及新型环境功能材料等,其越来越成为农业与环境科学等领域的研究热点。然而,生物炭研究基本还处在理论和机制的探讨阶段,在田间应用与推广方面刚刚起步,今后还需科技工作者的进一步探索,文章最后阐述了未来对该领域研究的一些观点。
This study mainly summarizes the characters of biochar and its functions in different soil improvement, crop growth and development, ecological environment restoration, greenhouse gas emission reduction, etc., to provide references for biochar application in agricultural production and ecological environment protection. We analyzed domestic and foreign researches before 2017, and found that biochar, as a soil amendment, slow-release fertilizer carrier and new environment functional material, has become a research focus in agricultural and environmental sciences and other fields. However, the research on biochar is still in the stage of theory and mechanism exploration, and its application and promotion has just started.
This study mainly summarizes the characters of biochar and its functions in different soil improvement, crop growth and development, ecological environment restoration, greenhouse gas emission reduction, etc., to provide references for biochar application in agricultural production and ecological environment protection. We analyzed domestic and foreign researches before 2017, and found that biochar, as a soil amendment, slow-release fertilizer carrier and new environment functional material, has become a research focus in agricultural and environmental sciences and other fields. However, the research on biochar is still in the stage of theory and mechanism exploration, and its application and promotion has just started.
引文
[1]韩鲁佳,闰巧娟,刘向阳,等.中国农作物秸秆资源及其利用现状明[J].农业工程学报,2002,8(3):16-25.
[2]郭冬升,黄春红,等.近10年来中国农作物秸秆资源量的时空分布与利用模式[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(4):948-954.
[3]何绪生,耿增超,佘雕,等.生物炭生产与农用的意义及国内外动态[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(2):1-7.
[4] Lehmann J, Gaunt J, Rondon M. Biochar sequestration interrestrial ecosystems:a review[J].Mitigation Adaptation Strategy for Global Change,2006,11(2):395-419.
[5]刘玉学,刘微,吴伟祥,等.土壤生物质炭环境行为与环境效应[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(4)977-982.
[6]谢祖彬,刘琦,许燕萍,等.生物炭研究进展及其研究方向[J].土壤,2011,43(6):857-861.
[7] Lehmann J. Bio-energy in the black[J].The ecological Society of America,2007,5(7):381-387.
[8] Yuan J H, Xu R K, Zhang H. The forms of alkalis in the biochar produced from crop residues at different temperatures[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(3):3488-3497.
[9]刘志坤,叶黎佳.生物质炭化材料制备及性能测试[J].生物质化学工程,2007,41(5):29-32.
[10] Zwieten L Van, Kimber S, Morris S, et al. Effects of biochar from slow pyrolysis of papermill waste on agronomic performance and soil fertility[J].Plant and Soil,2010,327:235-246.
[11]林晓芬,张军,尹艳山,等.生物质炭孔隙分形特征研究[J].生物质化学工程,2009,43(3):9-12.
[12]张振华,汪华林,陈于勤,等.典型废弃生物质的热解特性研究[J].农机化研究,2008,3:211-215.
[13]何绪生,张树清,佘雕,等.生物炭对土壤肥料的作用及未来研究[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(15):16-25.
[14] Gaskin J W, Speir A, Morris L M, et al. Potential for pyrolysis char to affect soil moisture and nutrient status of a loamy sand soil[C].Proceedings of the 2007 Georgia Water Resources Conference,University of Georgia,2007.
[15] Gheorghe C, Marculescu C, Badea A, et al. Effect of pyrolysis conditions on bio-char production from biomass[C].Proceedings of the 3rd WSEAS Int. Conf. on Renewable Energy Sources.University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest,2009:239-241.
[16]李明,李忠佩,刘明,等.不同秸秆生物炭对红壤性水稻土养分及微生物群落结构的影响[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(7):1361-1369.
[17]张祥,王典,姜存仓,等.生物炭对我国南方红壤和黄棕壤理化性质的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2013,21(8):979-984.
[18]周志红,李心清,邢英,等.生物炭对土壤氮素淋失的抑制作用[J].地球与环境,2011,39(2):278-284.
[19]马莉,吕宁,冶军,等.生物碳对灰漠土有机碳及其组分的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(8):976-981.
[20] Glaser B, Lehmann J, Zech W. Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal-A review[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2002,35(4):219-230.
[21]王典,张祥,姜存仓,等.生物质炭改良土壤及对作物效应的研究进展[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(8):962-967.
[22] Jinyang Wang, Xiaojian Pan, et al. Effects of biochar amendment in two soils on greenhouse gas emissions and crop production[J].Plant and Soil,2012,360(1/2):287-298.
[23]张文玲,李桂花,高卫东.生物质炭对土壤性状和作物产量的影响[J].中国农学通报2009,25(17):153-157.
[24]程国淡,黄青,张凯松.热解温度和时间对生物干化污泥生物炭性质的影响[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(3):1133-1338.
[25] Deenik J L, McClellan A T, Uehara G. Charcoal Volatile Matter Content Influences Plant Growth and Soil Nitrogen Transformations[J]. Soil Science Society of America,2010,74(4):1259-1270.
[26]邓万刚,吴鹏豹,赵庆辉,等.低量生物质炭对2种热带牧草产量和品质的影响研究初报[J].草地学报,2010,18(6):844-847.
[27] Gundale M J, Deluca T H. Charcoal effects on soil solution chemistry and growth of Koeleria macrantha in the ponderosa pine/Douglas-fir ecosystem[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2007,43(3):303-311.
[28] Jeffery S, Verheijen F G A, Veldea M, et al. A quantitative review of the effects of biochar application to soils on crop productivity using meta-analysis[J].Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment,2011,144(1):175-187.
[29]杨勇.生物炭对作物的生长效应及机理研究进展[J].农业与技术,2017,37(14):57-58.
[30] Spokas K A, Koskinen W C, Baker J M, et al. Impacts of woodchip biochar additions on greenhouse gas production and sorption/degradation of two herbicides in a Minnesota soil[J].Chemosphere,2009,77(4):574-581.
[31]花莉,陈英旭,吴伟祥,等.生物质炭输入对污泥施用土壤-植物系统中多环芳烃迁移的影响[J].环境科学,2009,30(8):2419-2424.
[32]杨放,李心清,王兵,等.生物炭在农业增产和污染治理中的应用[J].地球与环境,2012,40(1):100-107.
[33] Song J Z, Peng P A, Hang W L. Black carbon and kerogen in soil and sediments:Quantification and characterization[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2002,36(18):3960-3967.
[34] James W L, Michelle K, Barbara R E, et al. Characterization of Biochars Produced from Cornstovers for Soil Amendment[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2010,44(20),7970-7974.
[35]周建斌,邓丛静,陈金林,等.棉秆炭对镉污染土壤的修复效果[J].生态环境,2008,17(5):1857-1860.
[36]李力,刘娅,陆宇超,等.生物炭的环境效应及其应用的研究进展[J].环境化学,2011,30(8):1411-1421.
[37] Shen X,Huang D Y,Ren X F,et al. Phytoavailability of Cd and Pb in crop straw biochar-amended soil is related to the heavy met-al content of both biochar and soil[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2016,168(1):245-251.
[38] Uchimiya M,Lima I M, Klasson K T, et al. Immobilization of Heavy Metal Ions(Cu II, Cd II, Ni II, and Pb II)by Broiler LitterDerived Biochars in Water and Soil[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2010,58(9):5538-5544.
[39] Ren X, Sun H, Wang F, et a1. The changes in biochar properties and sorption capacities after being cultured with wheat for 3 months[J].Chemosphere,2015,144:2257-2263.
[40] Ahmad M, Sang S L, Lee S E, et a1. Biochaz-indueed changes in soil properties affected immobilization/mobilization of metals/metalloids in contaminated soils[J].Journal of Soils&Sediments.2016,17(3):1-14.
[41]陈温福,张伟明,孟军,等.生物炭应用技术研究[J].中国工程科学,2011,13(2):80-89.
[42] Rondon M, Ramírez J, Lehmann J. Charcoal additions reduce net emissions of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere[C].Proceedings of the 3rd USDA Symposium on Greenhouse Gases and Carbon Sequestration, Baltimore,2005:208.
[43] Liu Y, Yang M, Wu Y, et al. Reducing CH and CO emissions from waterlogged paddy soil with biochar[J].Journal of Soils&Sediments,2011,11(6):930-939.
[44] Zhang A F, Liu Y M, Pan G X, et al. Effect of biochar amendment on maize yield and greenhouse gas emissions from a soil organic carbon poor calcareous loamy soil from Central China Plain[J].Plant and Soil,2012,351(1/2):263-275.
[45]王军,施雨,李子媛,等.生物炭对退化蔬菜地土壤及其修复过程中N2O产排的影响[J].土壤学报,2016,53(3):713-723.
[2]郭冬升,黄春红,等.近10年来中国农作物秸秆资源量的时空分布与利用模式[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(4):948-954.
[3]何绪生,耿增超,佘雕,等.生物炭生产与农用的意义及国内外动态[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(2):1-7.
[4] Lehmann J, Gaunt J, Rondon M. Biochar sequestration interrestrial ecosystems:a review[J].Mitigation Adaptation Strategy for Global Change,2006,11(2):395-419.
[5]刘玉学,刘微,吴伟祥,等.土壤生物质炭环境行为与环境效应[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(4)977-982.
[6]谢祖彬,刘琦,许燕萍,等.生物炭研究进展及其研究方向[J].土壤,2011,43(6):857-861.
[7] Lehmann J. Bio-energy in the black[J].The ecological Society of America,2007,5(7):381-387.
[8] Yuan J H, Xu R K, Zhang H. The forms of alkalis in the biochar produced from crop residues at different temperatures[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(3):3488-3497.
[9]刘志坤,叶黎佳.生物质炭化材料制备及性能测试[J].生物质化学工程,2007,41(5):29-32.
[10] Zwieten L Van, Kimber S, Morris S, et al. Effects of biochar from slow pyrolysis of papermill waste on agronomic performance and soil fertility[J].Plant and Soil,2010,327:235-246.
[11]林晓芬,张军,尹艳山,等.生物质炭孔隙分形特征研究[J].生物质化学工程,2009,43(3):9-12.
[12]张振华,汪华林,陈于勤,等.典型废弃生物质的热解特性研究[J].农机化研究,2008,3:211-215.
[13]何绪生,张树清,佘雕,等.生物炭对土壤肥料的作用及未来研究[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(15):16-25.
[14] Gaskin J W, Speir A, Morris L M, et al. Potential for pyrolysis char to affect soil moisture and nutrient status of a loamy sand soil[C].Proceedings of the 2007 Georgia Water Resources Conference,University of Georgia,2007.
[15] Gheorghe C, Marculescu C, Badea A, et al. Effect of pyrolysis conditions on bio-char production from biomass[C].Proceedings of the 3rd WSEAS Int. Conf. on Renewable Energy Sources.University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest,2009:239-241.
[16]李明,李忠佩,刘明,等.不同秸秆生物炭对红壤性水稻土养分及微生物群落结构的影响[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(7):1361-1369.
[17]张祥,王典,姜存仓,等.生物炭对我国南方红壤和黄棕壤理化性质的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2013,21(8):979-984.
[18]周志红,李心清,邢英,等.生物炭对土壤氮素淋失的抑制作用[J].地球与环境,2011,39(2):278-284.
[19]马莉,吕宁,冶军,等.生物碳对灰漠土有机碳及其组分的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(8):976-981.
[20] Glaser B, Lehmann J, Zech W. Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal-A review[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2002,35(4):219-230.
[21]王典,张祥,姜存仓,等.生物质炭改良土壤及对作物效应的研究进展[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(8):962-967.
[22] Jinyang Wang, Xiaojian Pan, et al. Effects of biochar amendment in two soils on greenhouse gas emissions and crop production[J].Plant and Soil,2012,360(1/2):287-298.
[23]张文玲,李桂花,高卫东.生物质炭对土壤性状和作物产量的影响[J].中国农学通报2009,25(17):153-157.
[24]程国淡,黄青,张凯松.热解温度和时间对生物干化污泥生物炭性质的影响[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(3):1133-1338.
[25] Deenik J L, McClellan A T, Uehara G. Charcoal Volatile Matter Content Influences Plant Growth and Soil Nitrogen Transformations[J]. Soil Science Society of America,2010,74(4):1259-1270.
[26]邓万刚,吴鹏豹,赵庆辉,等.低量生物质炭对2种热带牧草产量和品质的影响研究初报[J].草地学报,2010,18(6):844-847.
[27] Gundale M J, Deluca T H. Charcoal effects on soil solution chemistry and growth of Koeleria macrantha in the ponderosa pine/Douglas-fir ecosystem[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2007,43(3):303-311.
[28] Jeffery S, Verheijen F G A, Veldea M, et al. A quantitative review of the effects of biochar application to soils on crop productivity using meta-analysis[J].Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment,2011,144(1):175-187.
[29]杨勇.生物炭对作物的生长效应及机理研究进展[J].农业与技术,2017,37(14):57-58.
[30] Spokas K A, Koskinen W C, Baker J M, et al. Impacts of woodchip biochar additions on greenhouse gas production and sorption/degradation of two herbicides in a Minnesota soil[J].Chemosphere,2009,77(4):574-581.
[31]花莉,陈英旭,吴伟祥,等.生物质炭输入对污泥施用土壤-植物系统中多环芳烃迁移的影响[J].环境科学,2009,30(8):2419-2424.
[32]杨放,李心清,王兵,等.生物炭在农业增产和污染治理中的应用[J].地球与环境,2012,40(1):100-107.
[33] Song J Z, Peng P A, Hang W L. Black carbon and kerogen in soil and sediments:Quantification and characterization[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2002,36(18):3960-3967.
[34] James W L, Michelle K, Barbara R E, et al. Characterization of Biochars Produced from Cornstovers for Soil Amendment[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2010,44(20),7970-7974.
[35]周建斌,邓丛静,陈金林,等.棉秆炭对镉污染土壤的修复效果[J].生态环境,2008,17(5):1857-1860.
[36]李力,刘娅,陆宇超,等.生物炭的环境效应及其应用的研究进展[J].环境化学,2011,30(8):1411-1421.
[37] Shen X,Huang D Y,Ren X F,et al. Phytoavailability of Cd and Pb in crop straw biochar-amended soil is related to the heavy met-al content of both biochar and soil[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2016,168(1):245-251.
[38] Uchimiya M,Lima I M, Klasson K T, et al. Immobilization of Heavy Metal Ions(Cu II, Cd II, Ni II, and Pb II)by Broiler LitterDerived Biochars in Water and Soil[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2010,58(9):5538-5544.
[39] Ren X, Sun H, Wang F, et a1. The changes in biochar properties and sorption capacities after being cultured with wheat for 3 months[J].Chemosphere,2015,144:2257-2263.
[40] Ahmad M, Sang S L, Lee S E, et a1. Biochaz-indueed changes in soil properties affected immobilization/mobilization of metals/metalloids in contaminated soils[J].Journal of Soils&Sediments.2016,17(3):1-14.
[41]陈温福,张伟明,孟军,等.生物炭应用技术研究[J].中国工程科学,2011,13(2):80-89.
[42] Rondon M, Ramírez J, Lehmann J. Charcoal additions reduce net emissions of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere[C].Proceedings of the 3rd USDA Symposium on Greenhouse Gases and Carbon Sequestration, Baltimore,2005:208.
[43] Liu Y, Yang M, Wu Y, et al. Reducing CH and CO emissions from waterlogged paddy soil with biochar[J].Journal of Soils&Sediments,2011,11(6):930-939.
[44] Zhang A F, Liu Y M, Pan G X, et al. Effect of biochar amendment on maize yield and greenhouse gas emissions from a soil organic carbon poor calcareous loamy soil from Central China Plain[J].Plant and Soil,2012,351(1/2):263-275.
[45]王军,施雨,李子媛,等.生物炭对退化蔬菜地土壤及其修复过程中N2O产排的影响[J].土壤学报,2016,53(3):713-723.
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