钢铁企业二氧化碳排放计算修正方法探讨
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摘要
根据《中国钢铁生产企业温室气体排放核算方法与报告指南(试行)》(简称《钢铁核算指南》)计算方法和碳平衡法计算A钢铁公司(包含炼焦工序)和B钢铁公司(不包含炼焦工序)CO_2排放量.计算结果表明,按《钢铁核算指南》方法计算的CO_2排放量明显偏小.为使计算结果更加准确,提出两种钢铁企业CO_2排放量修正方法,方法 1是在《钢铁核算指南》方法基础上,增加计算自产生铁中的碳产生的CO_2排放;方法 2是在不考虑自产生铁碳排放的情况下,提高铁前工序消耗的煤和焦炭的碳氧化率到99%,其他原煤的碳氧化率仍按《钢铁核算指南》取值.以上两种修正方法计算结果与碳平衡法计算出的排放量相近,更加接近企业实际排放量.
According to the calculation method of"Guidelines for Accounting and Reporting Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Chinese Iron and Steel Enterprises(Trial)"(hereinafter referred to as Guidelines for Iron and Steel Accounting)and carbon balance method,the CO_2 emissions of A Steel Company(including coking process)and B Steel Company(excluding coking process)were calculated. The calculation results show that the CO_2 emissions calculated by the "Guidelines for Iron and Steel Accounting" method are significantly smaller than those calculated by the carbon balance method. In order to make the calculation results more accurate,two correction methods of carbon dioxide emission for iron and steel enterprises were proposed in this paper. The first method is to calculate the carbon dioxide emission from selfproduced iron in addition based on the method of" Guidelines for Iron and Steel Accounting". The second method is to increase the carbon oxidation rate of coal and coke consumed in the pre-iron process to 99% without considering the carbon emission of self-produced iron. The carbon oxidation rate of other raw coal is still determined according to the Guidelines for Iron and Steel accounting. The calculated results of the above two correction methods are similar to those of the carbon balance method,which is closer to the actual emissions of enterprises.
According to the calculation method of"Guidelines for Accounting and Reporting Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Chinese Iron and Steel Enterprises(Trial)"(hereinafter referred to as Guidelines for Iron and Steel Accounting)and carbon balance method,the CO_2 emissions of A Steel Company(including coking process)and B Steel Company(excluding coking process)were calculated. The calculation results show that the CO_2 emissions calculated by the "Guidelines for Iron and Steel Accounting" method are significantly smaller than those calculated by the carbon balance method. In order to make the calculation results more accurate,two correction methods of carbon dioxide emission for iron and steel enterprises were proposed in this paper. The first method is to calculate the carbon dioxide emission from selfproduced iron in addition based on the method of" Guidelines for Iron and Steel Accounting". The second method is to increase the carbon oxidation rate of coal and coke consumed in the pre-iron process to 99% without considering the carbon emission of self-produced iron. The carbon oxidation rate of other raw coal is still determined according to the Guidelines for Iron and Steel accounting. The calculated results of the above two correction methods are similar to those of the carbon balance method,which is closer to the actual emissions of enterprises.
引文
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[2] International Iron and Steel Institute(IISI). Sustainability report of the world steel industry[R]. Brussels:IISI,2011.
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[13]张辉，李会泉，陈波，等.基于碳物质流分析的钢铁企业碳排放分析方法与案例[J].钢铁，2013,48(2):86-92.
[14]张琦，贾国玉，蔡九菊，等.钢铁企业炼铁系统碳素流分析及CO2减排措施[J].东北大学学报，2013,34(3):392-395.
[15] HE HUACHUN,GUAN HONGJUN,ZHU XIANG,et al. Assessment on the energy flow and carbon emissions of integrated steel-making plant[sJ]. Energy Reports,2017,3:29-36.
[16] World Steel Association. CO2emissions data collection,user guide version 7[R]. Brussels,Belgium:World Steel Association,2016.
[17]张玥，王让会，刘飞.钢铁生产过程碳足迹研究——以南京钢铁联合有限公司为例[J].环境科学学报，2013,33(4):1195-1201.
[18]高成康，陈杉，陈胜，等.中国典型钢铁联合企业的碳足迹分析[J].钢铁，2015,50(3):1-8.
[19]李新祥，卢鑫，杨世山，等.中国钢铁工业碳足迹和碳赤字分析[J].内蒙古科技大学学报，2015,34(1):45-49.
[20]李肖如，谢华生，寇文，等.钢铁行业不同二氧化碳排放计算方法比较及实例分析[J].安全与环境学报，2016,16(5):320-324.
[21]国家发展和改革委员会.工业其他行业企业温室气体排放核算方法与报告指南（试行）[R].北京：国家发展和改革委员会，2015.
[2] International Iron and Steel Institute(IISI). Sustainability report of the world steel industry[R]. Brussels:IISI,2011.
[3]刘宏强，付建勋，刘思雨，等.钢铁生产过程二氧化碳排放计算方法与实践[J].钢铁，2016,51(4):74-82.
[4] HASANBEIGI A,ARENS M,CARDENAS J C R,et al. Comparison of carbon dioxide emissions intensity of steel production inChina,Germany,Mexico,and the United State[sJ]. Resources Conservation&Recycling,2016,113:127-139.
[5] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC). 2006 IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories[M]. Hayama:Institute for Global Environmental Strategies,2006.
[6]国家发展和改革委员会.省级温室气体清单编制指南（试行）[R].北京：国家发展和改革委员会，2011.
[7]国家发展和改革委员会.中国钢铁生产企业温室气体排放计算方法与报告指南（试行）[R].北京：国家发展和改革委员会，2011.
[8]中国国家标准化管理委员会.温室气体排放核算与报告要求第5部分：钢铁生产企业：GB/T 32151.5—2015[S].北京：中国标准出版社，2015.
[9]上官方钦，张春霞，胡长庆，等.中国钢铁工业的CO2排放估算[J].中国冶金，2010,20(5):37-42.
[10]张肖，向晓东，刘汉杰，等.钢铁行业碳排放量核算方法的实证性研究[J].工业安全与环保，2012,38(6):86-88.
[11]叶友斌，邢芳芳，刘锟，等.我国钢铁企业二氧化碳排放结构探讨[J].环境工程，2012,30（增刊）：224-227.
[12]黄丽文，部龙江，贾艳艳.钢铁企业碳排放的计算与分析[J].冶金能源，2013,32(3):3-5.
[13]张辉，李会泉，陈波，等.基于碳物质流分析的钢铁企业碳排放分析方法与案例[J].钢铁，2013,48(2):86-92.
[14]张琦，贾国玉，蔡九菊，等.钢铁企业炼铁系统碳素流分析及CO2减排措施[J].东北大学学报，2013,34(3):392-395.
[15] HE HUACHUN,GUAN HONGJUN,ZHU XIANG,et al. Assessment on the energy flow and carbon emissions of integrated steel-making plant[sJ]. Energy Reports,2017,3:29-36.
[16] World Steel Association. CO2emissions data collection,user guide version 7[R]. Brussels,Belgium:World Steel Association,2016.
[17]张玥，王让会，刘飞.钢铁生产过程碳足迹研究——以南京钢铁联合有限公司为例[J].环境科学学报，2013,33(4):1195-1201.
[18]高成康，陈杉，陈胜，等.中国典型钢铁联合企业的碳足迹分析[J].钢铁，2015,50(3):1-8.
[19]李新祥，卢鑫，杨世山，等.中国钢铁工业碳足迹和碳赤字分析[J].内蒙古科技大学学报，2015,34(1):45-49.
[20]李肖如，谢华生，寇文，等.钢铁行业不同二氧化碳排放计算方法比较及实例分析[J].安全与环境学报，2016,16(5):320-324.
[21]国家发展和改革委员会.工业其他行业企业温室气体排放核算方法与报告指南（试行）[R].北京：国家发展和改革委员会，2015.
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