现代长江水下三角洲浅地层地震相特征
|
摘要
利用传统的地震相分析方法,分析总结现代长江水下三角洲浅地层地震剖面反射波的几何形态、内部反射结构、连续性、振幅等特征,形成对长江水下三角洲各典型地震相特征的认识,圈定相应的地震相范围,并结合钻孔资料,解释了长江口范围三角洲前积、浅海沉积、古河道等各沉积相的分布。结果表明,现代长江水下三角洲浅地层各地震相特征明显。典型的三角洲前积地震相主要分布在长江口外东北部,其余大部为典型浅海沉积地震相,且浅海地震相特征向口内逐渐变弱,表现为浅砂或淤泥型地震相,向口外逐渐有晚更新世基底地震相出露,并发育古河道地震相,此外,浅层气地震相嵌入区内各个地震相范围。
According to the traditional method for seismic facies analysis,geometrical shapes,internal reflection structures,facies boundaries,continuity and amplitude of the shallow strata of the Yangtze River are studied by this paper,upon which seismic facies recognized.Incorporated with borehole data we established the facies framework which includes deltaic deposit,shallow sea deposit and paleo channels of the river.Typical seismic facies of delta front are mainly distributed in the northeastern part of the Yangtze River mouth,and the rest of the area is dominated by shallow marine facies.Shallow marine facies consisting of sand and silt are gradually thinning out towards the mouth.Instead,late Pleistocene basement seismic facies gradually crop out at the mouth,decorated by paleochannel seismic facies.Shallow gas seismic facies always invade into other seismic facies.
According to the traditional method for seismic facies analysis,geometrical shapes,internal reflection structures,facies boundaries,continuity and amplitude of the shallow strata of the Yangtze River are studied by this paper,upon which seismic facies recognized.Incorporated with borehole data we established the facies framework which includes deltaic deposit,shallow sea deposit and paleo channels of the river.Typical seismic facies of delta front are mainly distributed in the northeastern part of the Yangtze River mouth,and the rest of the area is dominated by shallow marine facies.Shallow marine facies consisting of sand and silt are gradually thinning out towards the mouth.Instead,late Pleistocene basement seismic facies gradually crop out at the mouth,decorated by paleochannel seismic facies.Shallow gas seismic facies always invade into other seismic facies.
引文
[1]佩顿C E.地震地层学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1980.[Payton C E Seismic Stratigraphy[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1980.]
[2]黄慧珍,唐宝根,杨文达,等.长江三角洲沉积地质学[M].北京:地质出版社,1996.[HUANG Huizhen,TANG Baogen,YANG Wenda,et al.Depositional Geology in Changjiang Submarine Delta[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1996.]
[3]Liu J P,Xu K H,Li A C,et al.Flux and fate of Yangtze River sediment delivered to the East China Sea[J].Geomorphology,2007,85:208-224.
[4]Xu K H,Li A C,Liu J P,et al.Provenance,structure,and formation of the mud wedge along inner continental shelf of the East China Sea:A synthesis of the Yangtze dispersal system[J].Marine Geology,2012,291-294,176-191.
[5]黄惠珍,沈邦培,胡强生.全新世长江水下三角洲浅层物探资料的地质意义[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1985,5(4):81-94.[HUANG Huizhen,SHEN Bangpei,WU Qiangsheng.Geological implication of geophysical data in Holocene Changjiang subaqueous delta[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,1985,5(4):81-94.]
[6]黄惠珍,沈邦培.全新世长江水下三角洲沉积中同期异相的成因[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1987,7(4):57-65.[HUANGHuizhen,SHEN Bangpei.Origin of the heteropic deposits in the Holocene changjiang subaqueous delta[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,1987,7(4):57-65.]
[7]苏剑锋,范代读,冷伟,等.冰后期以来长江水下三角洲层序地层特征及沉积环境演化[J].古地理学报,2017,19(3):541-556.[SU Jianfeng,FAN Daidu,LENG Wei,et al.Postglacial sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary environment evolution of the Yangtze River subaqueous delta[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2017,19(3):541-556.]
[8]朱剑兵,赵培坤.国外地震相划分技术研究新进展[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(3):167-171.[ZHU Jianbing,ZHAOPeikun.Advances in seismic facies classification technology abroad[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2009,32(3):167-171.]
[9]Ke Wang,Hongbo Zheng,Ryuji Tada,et al.Millennial-scale East Asian Summer Monsoon variability recorded in grain size and provenance of mud belt sediments on the inner shelf of the East China Sea during mid-to late Holocene[J].Quaternary International,2014,349:79-89.
[10]Jian Liu,Yoshiki Saito,Xianghuai Kong,et al.Sedimentary record of environmental evolution off the Yangtze River estuary,East China Sea,during the last 13,000years,with special reference to the influence of the Yellow River on the Yangtze River delta during the last 600years[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,2010,29:2424-2438.
[11]Taoyu Xu,Guoqing Wang,Xuefa Shi,et al.Sequence stratigraphy of the subaqueous Changjiang(Yangtze River)delta since the Last Glacial Maximum[J].Sedimentary Geology,2016,331:132-147.
[12]Baocheng Zhao,Xuexin Yan,Zhanghua Wang,et al.Sedimentary evolution of the Yangtze River mouth(East China Sea)over the past 19,000years,with emphasis on the Holocene variations in coastal currents[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2018,490:431-449.
[13]赵宝成.长江三角洲前缘晚第四纪层序特征及冰后期海平面波动沉积响应[J].上海国土资源,2013,34(2):50-54.[ZHAO Baocheng.Late Quaternary sequence stratigraphy of the Yangtze River delta-front area with special reference to the response of the sedimentary environment to postglacial sea-level change[J].Shanghai Land&Resources,2013,34(2):50-54.]
[14]胡刚,毕世普,张勇.长江水下三角洲沉积环境与演变:进展与展望[J].海洋地质前沿,2014,30(12):1-8.[HU Gang,BI Shipu,ZHANG Yong.A River of studies on sedimentary environment and evolution of the Changjiang subaqueous delta[J].Marine Geology Frontiers,2014,30(12):1-8.]
[15]Innes J B,Zong Y Q,Wang Z H,et al.Climatic and palaeoecological during the mid-to Late Holocene transition in eastern China:High-resolution pollen and non-pollen palynomorph analysis at Pingwang,Yangtze coastal lowlands[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,2014,99(9):164-175.
[16]Hori K,Saito Y,Zhao Q H,et al.Sedimentary facies and Holocene progradation rates of the Changjiang(Yangtze)delta,China[J].Geomorphology,2001,41(2):233-248.
[17]严学新,张阿根,龚士良.长江口岸带经济圈地质工作及其服务领域拓展[J].上海地质,2010,31(S1):5-6.[YAN Xuexin,ZHANG Agen,GONG Shiliang.Geological work in Yangtze river estuary coastal economic circle and its extension in service domain[J].Shanghai Geology,2010,31(S1):5-6,11.]
[18]杨文达,崔征科,张异彪.东海地质与矿产[M].北京:海洋出版社,2010.[YANG Wenda,CUI Zhengke,ZHANG Yibiao.Geology&Mineral of East Sea[M].Beijing:Ocean Publishing House,2010.]
[19]袁迎如.长江三角洲海区的浅层地震层序[J].沉积学报,1986,4(4):65-74.[YUAN Yingru.Shallow seismic sequences in the sea area of Yangtze river delta[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1986,4(4):65-74.]
[20]陈中原,许世远,严钦尚.全新世长江水下三角洲沉积相的研究[J].海洋与湖沼,1991,22(1):29-37.[CHEN Zhongyuan,XU Shiyuan,YAN Qinshang.Sedimentary facies of holocene subaqueous Changjiang river delta[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1991,22(1):29-37.]
[21]陈卫民,杨作升,曹文华,等.现代长江水下三角洲的浅地层结构及其沉积环境[J].海岸工程,1998,17(2):21-29.[CHENWeimin,YANG Zuosheng,CAO Wenhua,et al.Shallow Stratigraphic texture of the Changjiang Submarine delta and its depositional setting[J].Coastal Engineering,1998,17(2):21-29.]
[22]王远,王治华,刘伍.杭州湾北部海底天然气的浅地层剖面测量调查[J].上海国土资源,2013,34(3):59-62.[WANGYuan,WANG Zhihua,LIU Wu.Measurement of shallow stratigraphic sections for seabed gas exploration in northern Hangzhou bay[J].Shanghai Land&Resources,2013,34(3):59-62.]
[2]黄慧珍,唐宝根,杨文达,等.长江三角洲沉积地质学[M].北京:地质出版社,1996.[HUANG Huizhen,TANG Baogen,YANG Wenda,et al.Depositional Geology in Changjiang Submarine Delta[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1996.]
[3]Liu J P,Xu K H,Li A C,et al.Flux and fate of Yangtze River sediment delivered to the East China Sea[J].Geomorphology,2007,85:208-224.
[4]Xu K H,Li A C,Liu J P,et al.Provenance,structure,and formation of the mud wedge along inner continental shelf of the East China Sea:A synthesis of the Yangtze dispersal system[J].Marine Geology,2012,291-294,176-191.
[5]黄惠珍,沈邦培,胡强生.全新世长江水下三角洲浅层物探资料的地质意义[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1985,5(4):81-94.[HUANG Huizhen,SHEN Bangpei,WU Qiangsheng.Geological implication of geophysical data in Holocene Changjiang subaqueous delta[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,1985,5(4):81-94.]
[6]黄惠珍,沈邦培.全新世长江水下三角洲沉积中同期异相的成因[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1987,7(4):57-65.[HUANGHuizhen,SHEN Bangpei.Origin of the heteropic deposits in the Holocene changjiang subaqueous delta[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,1987,7(4):57-65.]
[7]苏剑锋,范代读,冷伟,等.冰后期以来长江水下三角洲层序地层特征及沉积环境演化[J].古地理学报,2017,19(3):541-556.[SU Jianfeng,FAN Daidu,LENG Wei,et al.Postglacial sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary environment evolution of the Yangtze River subaqueous delta[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2017,19(3):541-556.]
[8]朱剑兵,赵培坤.国外地震相划分技术研究新进展[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(3):167-171.[ZHU Jianbing,ZHAOPeikun.Advances in seismic facies classification technology abroad[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2009,32(3):167-171.]
[9]Ke Wang,Hongbo Zheng,Ryuji Tada,et al.Millennial-scale East Asian Summer Monsoon variability recorded in grain size and provenance of mud belt sediments on the inner shelf of the East China Sea during mid-to late Holocene[J].Quaternary International,2014,349:79-89.
[10]Jian Liu,Yoshiki Saito,Xianghuai Kong,et al.Sedimentary record of environmental evolution off the Yangtze River estuary,East China Sea,during the last 13,000years,with special reference to the influence of the Yellow River on the Yangtze River delta during the last 600years[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,2010,29:2424-2438.
[11]Taoyu Xu,Guoqing Wang,Xuefa Shi,et al.Sequence stratigraphy of the subaqueous Changjiang(Yangtze River)delta since the Last Glacial Maximum[J].Sedimentary Geology,2016,331:132-147.
[12]Baocheng Zhao,Xuexin Yan,Zhanghua Wang,et al.Sedimentary evolution of the Yangtze River mouth(East China Sea)over the past 19,000years,with emphasis on the Holocene variations in coastal currents[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2018,490:431-449.
[13]赵宝成.长江三角洲前缘晚第四纪层序特征及冰后期海平面波动沉积响应[J].上海国土资源,2013,34(2):50-54.[ZHAO Baocheng.Late Quaternary sequence stratigraphy of the Yangtze River delta-front area with special reference to the response of the sedimentary environment to postglacial sea-level change[J].Shanghai Land&Resources,2013,34(2):50-54.]
[14]胡刚,毕世普,张勇.长江水下三角洲沉积环境与演变:进展与展望[J].海洋地质前沿,2014,30(12):1-8.[HU Gang,BI Shipu,ZHANG Yong.A River of studies on sedimentary environment and evolution of the Changjiang subaqueous delta[J].Marine Geology Frontiers,2014,30(12):1-8.]
[15]Innes J B,Zong Y Q,Wang Z H,et al.Climatic and palaeoecological during the mid-to Late Holocene transition in eastern China:High-resolution pollen and non-pollen palynomorph analysis at Pingwang,Yangtze coastal lowlands[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,2014,99(9):164-175.
[16]Hori K,Saito Y,Zhao Q H,et al.Sedimentary facies and Holocene progradation rates of the Changjiang(Yangtze)delta,China[J].Geomorphology,2001,41(2):233-248.
[17]严学新,张阿根,龚士良.长江口岸带经济圈地质工作及其服务领域拓展[J].上海地质,2010,31(S1):5-6.[YAN Xuexin,ZHANG Agen,GONG Shiliang.Geological work in Yangtze river estuary coastal economic circle and its extension in service domain[J].Shanghai Geology,2010,31(S1):5-6,11.]
[18]杨文达,崔征科,张异彪.东海地质与矿产[M].北京:海洋出版社,2010.[YANG Wenda,CUI Zhengke,ZHANG Yibiao.Geology&Mineral of East Sea[M].Beijing:Ocean Publishing House,2010.]
[19]袁迎如.长江三角洲海区的浅层地震层序[J].沉积学报,1986,4(4):65-74.[YUAN Yingru.Shallow seismic sequences in the sea area of Yangtze river delta[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1986,4(4):65-74.]
[20]陈中原,许世远,严钦尚.全新世长江水下三角洲沉积相的研究[J].海洋与湖沼,1991,22(1):29-37.[CHEN Zhongyuan,XU Shiyuan,YAN Qinshang.Sedimentary facies of holocene subaqueous Changjiang river delta[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1991,22(1):29-37.]
[21]陈卫民,杨作升,曹文华,等.现代长江水下三角洲的浅地层结构及其沉积环境[J].海岸工程,1998,17(2):21-29.[CHENWeimin,YANG Zuosheng,CAO Wenhua,et al.Shallow Stratigraphic texture of the Changjiang Submarine delta and its depositional setting[J].Coastal Engineering,1998,17(2):21-29.]
[22]王远,王治华,刘伍.杭州湾北部海底天然气的浅地层剖面测量调查[J].上海国土资源,2013,34(3):59-62.[WANGYuan,WANG Zhihua,LIU Wu.Measurement of shallow stratigraphic sections for seabed gas exploration in northern Hangzhou bay[J].Shanghai Land&Resources,2013,34(3):59-62.]
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |