浙南近海虾类优势种及其生态位
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摘要
根据2015年11月(秋季)、2016年2月(冬季)、2016年5月(春季)和2016年8月(夏季)对浙南近海进行4个航次的底拖网调查资料,运用相对重要性指数、生态位宽度、生态位重叠等指标,结合典范对应分析(CCA)对该海域虾类优势种及其生态位进行分析。结果表明:研究海域共有虾类优势种12种,隶属于5科,9属;优势种空间、时间和时空等生态位宽度范围分别为0.98～6.16、0.16～1.34和0.45～7.64;中华管鞭虾利用生境资源的能力最强,鲜明鼓虾最弱;日本鼓虾与鲜明鼓虾的生态位重叠值最大,表明两者对资源的利用具有相似性;作为中上层浮游性种类的中国毛虾和河口洄游性的周氏新对虾,两者分别在空间和时间维度上与其他种类产生生态位分化;影响该海区优势种虾类分布的主要环境因子是水体中的有机物、叶绿素a和悬浮物,这与虾类的摄食习性有关;温度对群落的影响较小,因为广温广盐种在优势种组成中占优势;中国毛虾和鲜明鼓虾作为广温低盐生态类群,受盐度的影响较大。
Based on the fishery resource data from the bottom trawl surveys conducted in the Zhejiang coastal area in November 2015( autumn),February 2016( winter),May 2016( spring)and August 2016( summer),we analyzed the ecological niche of dominant shrimp species using index of relative importance( IRI),niche breadth and niche overlap and canonical correspondence analysis( CCA). The results showed that there were 12 dominant shrimp species,belonging to 5 families and 9 genera. The spatial,temporal and spatiotemporal niche breadth of dominant shrimps ranged from 0.98-6.16,0.16-1.34 and 0.45-7.64,respectively. Solenocera crassicornis had the strongest capacity to use resources,whereas Alpheus digitalis was the least. The niche overlap value between Alpheus japonicus and Alpheus digitalis was the highest,indicating that these species were highly similar in resource utilization. Acetes chinensis( a pelagic-and-middle planktonic species) and Metapenaeus joyneri( a migratory shrimp in estuaries) had niche differentiation with other species in spatial and temporal dimensions. Organic matter,chlorophyll a,and suspended matter in water were the main factors driving the distribution of dominant species,which was associated with food habits. Temperature had slight effects on shrimp community due to the great dominance of eurythermal and euryhaline species. Salinity had substantial impacts on the eurythermal and hypohaline species,Acetes chinensis and Alpheus digitalis.
Based on the fishery resource data from the bottom trawl surveys conducted in the Zhejiang coastal area in November 2015( autumn),February 2016( winter),May 2016( spring)and August 2016( summer),we analyzed the ecological niche of dominant shrimp species using index of relative importance( IRI),niche breadth and niche overlap and canonical correspondence analysis( CCA). The results showed that there were 12 dominant shrimp species,belonging to 5 families and 9 genera. The spatial,temporal and spatiotemporal niche breadth of dominant shrimps ranged from 0.98-6.16,0.16-1.34 and 0.45-7.64,respectively. Solenocera crassicornis had the strongest capacity to use resources,whereas Alpheus digitalis was the least. The niche overlap value between Alpheus japonicus and Alpheus digitalis was the highest,indicating that these species were highly similar in resource utilization. Acetes chinensis( a pelagic-and-middle planktonic species) and Metapenaeus joyneri( a migratory shrimp in estuaries) had niche differentiation with other species in spatial and temporal dimensions. Organic matter,chlorophyll a,and suspended matter in water were the main factors driving the distribution of dominant species,which was associated with food habits. Temperature had slight effects on shrimp community due to the great dominance of eurythermal and euryhaline species. Salinity had substantial impacts on the eurythermal and hypohaline species,Acetes chinensis and Alpheus digitalis.
引文
陈小庆,俞存根,虞聪达,等.2009.东海中南部外海虾类群落结构特征分析.水生生物学报,33(4):664-673.
丁丽丽,杨红,戴小杰,等.2016.浙江瓯飞围填海区渔业资源优势种生态为分析.上海海洋大学学报,25(1):116-123.
郭天宇,许荣满.2003.北京东灵山地区鼠类体外寄生虫时间生态位的研究.中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,14(1):30-32.
江仁,郭宝天.1983.福建沿海毛虾产量变动与气象因子的关系.海洋通报,2(1):69-74.
李慧玉,金艳,李圣法.2016.东海北部大管鞭虾的食性.应用生态学报,27(3):937-945.
李慧玉,凌建忠,李圣法.2009.黄、东海底栖性甲壳动物种类组成的季节变化.渔业科学进展,30(3):13-19.
李显森,于振海,孙珊,等.2013.长江口及其毗邻海域鱼类群落优势种的生态位宽度与重叠.应用生态学报,24(8):2353-2359.
刘瑞玉.1959.黄海及东海经济虾类区系的特征.海洋与湖沼,2(1):35-42.
刘瑞玉.2008.中国海洋生物名录.北京:科学出版社.
卢占晖,徐汉祥,薛利建,等.2015.东海中部虾类群落的季节变化研究.浙江海洋学院学报:自然科学版,34(6):497-504.
卢占晖,周永东,朱文斌,等.2018.浙江沿岸海域虾类优势种空间生态位分析.海洋学报,40(2):77-86.
彭松耀,李新正,王洪法,等.2015.南黄海春季大型底栖动物优势种生态位.生态学报,35(6):1917-1928.
宋海棠,姚光展,俞存根,等.2003.东海虾类的种类组成和数量分布.海洋学报,25(1):171-179.
宋海棠,俞存根,薛利建.2012.东海经济虾蟹类渔业生物学.北京:海洋出版社.
宋海棠,俞存根,薛利建,等.2006.东海经济虾类.北京:海洋出版社.
宋海棠.2002.东海虾类的生态群落与区系特征.海洋科学集刊,44(1):124-133.
覃林.2009.统计生态学.北京:中国林业出版社.
汤雁滨,廖一波,寿鹿,等.2016.南麂列岛潮间带大型底栖动物群落优势种生态位.生态学报,36(2):489-498.
夏陆军,俞存根,蔡厚才,等.2016.南麂列岛海洋自然保护区虾类群落结构及其多样性.海洋学报,38(2):73-83.
徐开达,卢衎尔,卢占晖,等.2018.韭山列岛自然保护区虾类优势种生态位.生物多样性,26(6):601-610.
徐晓群,曾江宁,陈全震,等.2013.浙江三门湾浮游动物优势种空间生态位.应用生态学报,24(3):818-824.
于振海,金显仕,李显森.2010.黄海中南部主要鱼种的生态位分析.渔业科学进展,31(6):1-8.
俞存根,陈小庆,宋海棠,等.2009.春季东海海域虾类群落结构及其多样性.生态学报,29(7):3593-3604.
张桂莲,张金屯.2002.关帝山神尾沟优势种生态位分析.武汉植物学研究,20(3):203-208.
郑挺,林元烧,曹文清,等.2014.北部湾北部生态系统结构与功能---浮游动物空间生态位及其分化.生态学报,34(13):3635-3649.
中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.2007.海洋调查规范第6部分:海洋生物调查.北京:中国标准出版社.
Birks HJB,Peglar SM,Austin HA.1996.An annotated bibliography of canonical correspondence analysis and related constrained ordination methods 1986-1993.Abstracta Botanica,20:17-36.
Grinnell J.1917.The niche-relationships of the California thrasher.The Auk,34:427-433.
Hutchinson GE.1992.Population studies:Animal ecology and demography.Bulletin of Mathematical Biology,54:695-695.
Leibold MA.1995.The niche concept revisited:Mechanistic models and community context.Ecology,76:1371-1382.
Magurran AE.1988.Ecological Diversity and Its Measurement.New Jersey:Princeton University Press.
Pianka ER.1973.The structure of lizard communities.Annual Review of Ecology&Systematics,4:53-74.
Pinkas L,Oliphant MS,Iverson ILK.1971.Food habits of albacore,bluefin tuna,and bonito in California waters.Fish Bulletin,152:1-105.
Pinkas L,Oliphant MS,Iverson ILK.1970.Food Habits of Albacore,Bluefin Tuna,and Bonito in California Waters.Fish Bulletin 152.
Wathne JA,Haug T,Lydersen C.2000.Prey preference and niche overlap of ringed seals Phoca hispida and harp seals P.groenlandica in the Barents Sea.Marine Ecology Progress Series,194:233-239.
丁丽丽,杨红,戴小杰,等.2016.浙江瓯飞围填海区渔业资源优势种生态为分析.上海海洋大学学报,25(1):116-123.
郭天宇,许荣满.2003.北京东灵山地区鼠类体外寄生虫时间生态位的研究.中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,14(1):30-32.
江仁,郭宝天.1983.福建沿海毛虾产量变动与气象因子的关系.海洋通报,2(1):69-74.
李慧玉,金艳,李圣法.2016.东海北部大管鞭虾的食性.应用生态学报,27(3):937-945.
李慧玉,凌建忠,李圣法.2009.黄、东海底栖性甲壳动物种类组成的季节变化.渔业科学进展,30(3):13-19.
李显森,于振海,孙珊,等.2013.长江口及其毗邻海域鱼类群落优势种的生态位宽度与重叠.应用生态学报,24(8):2353-2359.
刘瑞玉.1959.黄海及东海经济虾类区系的特征.海洋与湖沼,2(1):35-42.
刘瑞玉.2008.中国海洋生物名录.北京:科学出版社.
卢占晖,徐汉祥,薛利建,等.2015.东海中部虾类群落的季节变化研究.浙江海洋学院学报:自然科学版,34(6):497-504.
卢占晖,周永东,朱文斌,等.2018.浙江沿岸海域虾类优势种空间生态位分析.海洋学报,40(2):77-86.
彭松耀,李新正,王洪法,等.2015.南黄海春季大型底栖动物优势种生态位.生态学报,35(6):1917-1928.
宋海棠,姚光展,俞存根,等.2003.东海虾类的种类组成和数量分布.海洋学报,25(1):171-179.
宋海棠,俞存根,薛利建.2012.东海经济虾蟹类渔业生物学.北京:海洋出版社.
宋海棠,俞存根,薛利建,等.2006.东海经济虾类.北京:海洋出版社.
宋海棠.2002.东海虾类的生态群落与区系特征.海洋科学集刊,44(1):124-133.
覃林.2009.统计生态学.北京:中国林业出版社.
汤雁滨,廖一波,寿鹿,等.2016.南麂列岛潮间带大型底栖动物群落优势种生态位.生态学报,36(2):489-498.
夏陆军,俞存根,蔡厚才,等.2016.南麂列岛海洋自然保护区虾类群落结构及其多样性.海洋学报,38(2):73-83.
徐开达,卢衎尔,卢占晖,等.2018.韭山列岛自然保护区虾类优势种生态位.生物多样性,26(6):601-610.
徐晓群,曾江宁,陈全震,等.2013.浙江三门湾浮游动物优势种空间生态位.应用生态学报,24(3):818-824.
于振海,金显仕,李显森.2010.黄海中南部主要鱼种的生态位分析.渔业科学进展,31(6):1-8.
俞存根,陈小庆,宋海棠,等.2009.春季东海海域虾类群落结构及其多样性.生态学报,29(7):3593-3604.
张桂莲,张金屯.2002.关帝山神尾沟优势种生态位分析.武汉植物学研究,20(3):203-208.
郑挺,林元烧,曹文清,等.2014.北部湾北部生态系统结构与功能---浮游动物空间生态位及其分化.生态学报,34(13):3635-3649.
中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.2007.海洋调查规范第6部分:海洋生物调查.北京:中国标准出版社.
Birks HJB,Peglar SM,Austin HA.1996.An annotated bibliography of canonical correspondence analysis and related constrained ordination methods 1986-1993.Abstracta Botanica,20:17-36.
Grinnell J.1917.The niche-relationships of the California thrasher.The Auk,34:427-433.
Hutchinson GE.1992.Population studies:Animal ecology and demography.Bulletin of Mathematical Biology,54:695-695.
Leibold MA.1995.The niche concept revisited:Mechanistic models and community context.Ecology,76:1371-1382.
Magurran AE.1988.Ecological Diversity and Its Measurement.New Jersey:Princeton University Press.
Pianka ER.1973.The structure of lizard communities.Annual Review of Ecology&Systematics,4:53-74.
Pinkas L,Oliphant MS,Iverson ILK.1971.Food habits of albacore,bluefin tuna,and bonito in California waters.Fish Bulletin,152:1-105.
Pinkas L,Oliphant MS,Iverson ILK.1970.Food Habits of Albacore,Bluefin Tuna,and Bonito in California Waters.Fish Bulletin 152.
Wathne JA,Haug T,Lydersen C.2000.Prey preference and niche overlap of ringed seals Phoca hispida and harp seals P.groenlandica in the Barents Sea.Marine Ecology Progress Series,194:233-239.
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