不同玉米秸秆还田方式对土壤腐殖质结合形态影响
|
摘要
通过微区试验,研究玉米秸秆4种还田方式对土体联合态腐殖质的含量及组成影响。采用熊毅—傅积平改进法对土壤进行不同结合态的腐殖质提取,再分别测定有机碳含量、胡敏酸含量及富里酸含量。结果表明,秸秆不同方式还田对土壤总有机碳、松结态和联结态腐殖质影响显著。总有机碳、松结态、联结态的碳含量和HA、FA的含量以秸秆混合覆盖还田处理最高,玉米秸秆深还田处理总有机碳、FA的含量与松联结合态的HA含量最低,差异显著;稳结态、紧结态的腐殖质碳和HA含量为粉碎混合覆盖处理最高,差异不显著。不同玉米秸秆还田方式,各腐殖质形态含量各异。秸秆一年内还田以粉碎秸秆与土混合覆盖还田方式整体表现最好。
Micro-plot experiments were conducted to study the effects of four maize and wheat straw returning methods on the content and composition of soil combined humus.Soil humus was extracted adopted grouping method of different humus combined forms modified by XiongYi-Fu Jiping,then the organic carbon content,humic acid content(HA) and fulvic acid content(FA) of soil humus were determined respectively.The results showed that the different ways of returning straw to the soil had significant effects on soil total organic carbon,loose joints and joint humus.Among them,the content of total organic carbon and HA and FA,loosely-combined humus and unitedly-combined humus HA and FA were the highest in straw mulching and returning treatment;and the total organic carbon content,FA content and HA content with loose state and bound state were the lowest in straw depth treatment,and the difference was significant. The content of carbon and HA in stable and compact humus was the highest in mixed mulching and returning treatment,but the difference was not significant.Different ways of corn and wheat straw returning to the field resulted in different humus forms and contents. When the straw is returned to the field within one year,the best way is to mix mulching of smashed straw and soil.
Micro-plot experiments were conducted to study the effects of four maize and wheat straw returning methods on the content and composition of soil combined humus.Soil humus was extracted adopted grouping method of different humus combined forms modified by XiongYi-Fu Jiping,then the organic carbon content,humic acid content(HA) and fulvic acid content(FA) of soil humus were determined respectively.The results showed that the different ways of returning straw to the soil had significant effects on soil total organic carbon,loose joints and joint humus.Among them,the content of total organic carbon and HA and FA,loosely-combined humus and unitedly-combined humus HA and FA were the highest in straw mulching and returning treatment;and the total organic carbon content,FA content and HA content with loose state and bound state were the lowest in straw depth treatment,and the difference was significant. The content of carbon and HA in stable and compact humus was the highest in mixed mulching and returning treatment,but the difference was not significant.Different ways of corn and wheat straw returning to the field resulted in different humus forms and contents. When the straw is returned to the field within one year,the best way is to mix mulching of smashed straw and soil.
引文
[1] 潘根兴,赵其国.我国农田土壤碳库演变研究:全球变化和国家粮食安全[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(4):385-393.
[2] WARDLE D A,BARDETT R D,KLIRONOMOS J N,et al.Ecollogical linkages between aboveground and belowground biota[J].Science,2004,304(5677):1629-1633.
[3] 任玲,吴景贵,吕东波,等.不同耕作模式对东北黑土腐殖质结合形态的影响[J].东北农业科学,2016,41(2):50-55.
[4] 李翠兰,张晋京,窦森,等.玉米秸秆分解期间土壤腐殖质数量动态变化的研究[J].吉林农业大学学报,2009,31(6):729-732.
[5] 赵欣宇,吴景贵,李建明,等.玉米秸秆及相关废弃物对黑土腐殖质结合形态的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(5):193-198.
[6] 李建明,吴景贵,王利辉.不同有机物料对黑土腐殖质结合形态影响差异性的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2011,30(8):1608-1615.
[7] K?TTERER T,BOLINDER M A,ANDRéN O,et al.Roots contribute more to refractory soil organic matter than above-ground crop residues as revealed by a long-term fidld expriment[J].Agriculture,ecosystems & environment,2011,141(1/2):184-192.
[8] BASTIDA F,JINDO K,MORENO J L,et al.Effects of organic amendments on soil carbon fractions,enzyme activity and humu-enzyme complexes under semi-arid conditions[J].European journal of soil biology,2012,53:94-102.
[9] 姜岩,吴景贵,王明辉,等.非腐解有机物培肥对草甸黑土型水稻土腐殖质结合形态的影响[J].土壤通报,1998,29(5):203-205.
[10] 秦纪洪,王琴,孙辉.川西亚高山-高山土壤表层有机碳及活性组分沿海拔梯度的变化[J].生态学报,2013,33(18):5858-5864.
[11] TURMEL M S,SPERATTI A,BAUDRON F,et al.Crop residue management and soil health:A systems analysis[J].Agricultural systems,2015,134:6-16.
[12] HUANG S,ZENG Y J,WU J F,et al.Effect of crop residue retention on rice yield in China:A meta-analysis[J].Field crops research,2013,154:188-194.
[13] GUENET B,JUAREZ S,BARDOUX G,et al.Evidence that stable C is as vulnerable to priming effect as is more labile C in soil[J].Soil biology & biochemistry,2012,52:43-48.
[14] CELY P,GASCó G,PAZ-FERREIRO J,et al.Agronomic properties of biochars from different manure wastes[J].Journal of analytical & applied pyrolysis,2015,111:173-182.
[15] LIU S,YAN C R,HE W Q,et al.Effects of different tillage practices on soil water-stable aggregation and organic carbon distribution in dryland farming in Northern China[J].Acta ecologica sinica,2015,35(4):65-69.
[16] 王珍,冯浩,吴淑芳.秸秆不同还田方式对土壤低吸力段持水能力及蒸发特性的影响[J].土壤学报,2011,48(3):533-539.
[17] KLUDZE H K,DELAUNE R D.Straw application effects on methane and oxygen exchange and growth in rice[J].Soil science of society of American journal,1995,59:824-830.
[18] TEJADA M,HERNANDEZ M T,GARCIA C.Soil restoration using composted plant residues:Effects on soil properties[J].Soil and tillage research,2009,102(1):109-117.
[19] 吴景贵,王明辉,姜亦梅,等.施用玉米植株残体对土壤富里酸组成、结构及其变化的影响[J].土壤学报,2006,43(1):133-141.
[20] 熊毅.土壤胶体:第2册[M].北京:科学出版社,1985:62-67.
[2] WARDLE D A,BARDETT R D,KLIRONOMOS J N,et al.Ecollogical linkages between aboveground and belowground biota[J].Science,2004,304(5677):1629-1633.
[3] 任玲,吴景贵,吕东波,等.不同耕作模式对东北黑土腐殖质结合形态的影响[J].东北农业科学,2016,41(2):50-55.
[4] 李翠兰,张晋京,窦森,等.玉米秸秆分解期间土壤腐殖质数量动态变化的研究[J].吉林农业大学学报,2009,31(6):729-732.
[5] 赵欣宇,吴景贵,李建明,等.玉米秸秆及相关废弃物对黑土腐殖质结合形态的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(5):193-198.
[6] 李建明,吴景贵,王利辉.不同有机物料对黑土腐殖质结合形态影响差异性的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2011,30(8):1608-1615.
[7] K?TTERER T,BOLINDER M A,ANDRéN O,et al.Roots contribute more to refractory soil organic matter than above-ground crop residues as revealed by a long-term fidld expriment[J].Agriculture,ecosystems & environment,2011,141(1/2):184-192.
[8] BASTIDA F,JINDO K,MORENO J L,et al.Effects of organic amendments on soil carbon fractions,enzyme activity and humu-enzyme complexes under semi-arid conditions[J].European journal of soil biology,2012,53:94-102.
[9] 姜岩,吴景贵,王明辉,等.非腐解有机物培肥对草甸黑土型水稻土腐殖质结合形态的影响[J].土壤通报,1998,29(5):203-205.
[10] 秦纪洪,王琴,孙辉.川西亚高山-高山土壤表层有机碳及活性组分沿海拔梯度的变化[J].生态学报,2013,33(18):5858-5864.
[11] TURMEL M S,SPERATTI A,BAUDRON F,et al.Crop residue management and soil health:A systems analysis[J].Agricultural systems,2015,134:6-16.
[12] HUANG S,ZENG Y J,WU J F,et al.Effect of crop residue retention on rice yield in China:A meta-analysis[J].Field crops research,2013,154:188-194.
[13] GUENET B,JUAREZ S,BARDOUX G,et al.Evidence that stable C is as vulnerable to priming effect as is more labile C in soil[J].Soil biology & biochemistry,2012,52:43-48.
[14] CELY P,GASCó G,PAZ-FERREIRO J,et al.Agronomic properties of biochars from different manure wastes[J].Journal of analytical & applied pyrolysis,2015,111:173-182.
[15] LIU S,YAN C R,HE W Q,et al.Effects of different tillage practices on soil water-stable aggregation and organic carbon distribution in dryland farming in Northern China[J].Acta ecologica sinica,2015,35(4):65-69.
[16] 王珍,冯浩,吴淑芳.秸秆不同还田方式对土壤低吸力段持水能力及蒸发特性的影响[J].土壤学报,2011,48(3):533-539.
[17] KLUDZE H K,DELAUNE R D.Straw application effects on methane and oxygen exchange and growth in rice[J].Soil science of society of American journal,1995,59:824-830.
[18] TEJADA M,HERNANDEZ M T,GARCIA C.Soil restoration using composted plant residues:Effects on soil properties[J].Soil and tillage research,2009,102(1):109-117.
[19] 吴景贵,王明辉,姜亦梅,等.施用玉米植株残体对土壤富里酸组成、结构及其变化的影响[J].土壤学报,2006,43(1):133-141.
[20] 熊毅.土壤胶体:第2册[M].北京:科学出版社,1985:62-67.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |